[外语类试卷]专业英语八级模拟试卷825及答案与解析.doc

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1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 825及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.

2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 How to Get a Paper Published I . Prerequisite doing mass【 B1】 _【 B1】 _ collecting mass information and da

3、ta II. Things you should do after the submission of your paper A. If you do not get an acknowledgement post【 B2】 _【 B2】 _ B. When not informed of a review decision for long write to the editor in a(n)【 B3】 _way【 B3】 _ III . Advisable【 B4】 _to the editor in different situations【 B4】 _ A. If the paper

4、 is rejected with good reasons accept and learn from the experience B. If you view the rejection as【 B5】 _【 B5】 _ make a protest supported by strong evidence and good reasons C. When confronted with the editors constructive advice consider【 B6】 _and attempt to revise【 B6】 _ D. When sending back the

5、revised manuscript write a general【 B7】 _:【 B7】 _ thank for his effort and comments promise comments considered reproduce the editors review aligned with the reply: remind the editor show him your【 B8】 _【 B8】 _ offer a good reason for suggestions not followed try to【 B9】 _the reviewer rather than fi

6、ght with him【 B9】 _ IV. Other warnings and advice attach importance to established【 B10】 _of academia【 B10】 _ avoid overemphasizing quantity of papers 1 【 B1】 2 【 B2】 3 【 B3】 4 【 B4】 5 【 B5】 6 【 B6】 7 【 B7】 8 【 B8】 9 【 B9】 10 【 B10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear every

7、thing ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 Compared with written complex questionnair

8、es, structured interviews （ A） are likely to obtain a higher response rate. （ B） mainly aim at illiterate people as respondents. （ C） are more like casual everyday conversations. （ D） suit literate and capable respondents more. 12 Which of the following statements is CORRECT? （ A） If there are no re

9、strictions, try to get as big a response as you can. （ B） Always control the number of respondents in case it gets out of control. （ C） If time is limited, try to pick out the respondents in advance. （ D） Finish the planned number of interviews even if the deadline should be postponed. 13 According

10、to Prof. Kingston, how should the interviewers ask questions? （ A） Be flexible and add some relevant questions if necessary. （ B） Listen attentively to the interviewees while asking questions. （ C） Follow the questions strictly without even adding one word. （ D） Keep the interviewees attention and a

11、sk questions as many as possible. 14 Why should researchers always record the interviews? （ A） Because the technology makes recordings easy to make. （ B） Because successful recordings provide more detailed data. （ C） Because recordings can show everybodys facial expressions. （ D） Because recordings

12、can help the interviewers pilot their schedule. 15 What is the final step of the interviews? （ A） Make copies of all the data. （ B） Choose the most suitable software packages. （ C） Input all the data in the computer. （ D） Classify and analyze all the interview responses. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Dir

13、ections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 Obamas leads in three key swing states （ A） caused Romney reconsider the influence of female

14、 voters. （ B） made him more dynamic in the election campaign. （ C） affected Romneys choice of his running mate. （ D） won him more support from home state senators. 17 According to the new WHO and Save the Childrens report, （ A） numerous newborn die soon after their birth each year. （ B） many of the

15、newborn deaths could be prevented easily. （ C） the death of newborns has long been a worldwide problem. （ D） the first month is the most dangerous period for newborns. 18 Which of the following countries has the largest number of newborn deaths annually? （ A） India. （ B） Nigeria. （ C） Pakistan. （ D）

16、 Congo. 19 What does the congress plan to do in August? （ A） Having a rest for five weeks. （ B） Discussing the new disaster assistance. （ C） Fixing the right of lawmakers. （ D） Eliminating regional differences. 20 What kind of federal assistance can the drought-stricken livestock producers get? （ A）

17、 A favorable five-year farm policy. （ B） Discount on the purchase of feed. （ C） Money for the cost of livestock losses. （ D） Free insurance against future disasters. 20 In a windowless room on the University of California, Berkeley, campus, two undergrads are playing a Monopoly game that one of them

18、 has no chance of winning. A team of psychologists has rigged it so that skill, brains, savvy, and luck those ingredients that ineffably combine to create success in games as in life have been made immaterial. Here, the only thing that matters is money. One of the players, a brown-haired guy in a st

19、riped T-shirt, has been made “rich.“ He got $2,000 from the Monopoly bank at the start of the game and receives $200 each time he passes Go. The second player, a chubby young man in glasses, is comparatively impoverished. He was given $1,000 at the start and collects $100 for passing Go. T-Shirt can

20、 roll two dice, but Glasses can only roll one, limiting how fast he can advance. The students play for fifteen minutes under the watchful eye of two video cameras, while down the hall in another windowless room, the researchers huddle around a computer screen, later recording in a giant spreadsheet

21、the subjects every facial twitch and hand gesture. T-Shirt isnt just winning: hes crushing Glasses. Initially, he reacted to the inequality between him and his opponent with a series of smirks, an acknowledgment, perhaps, of the inherent awkwardness of the situation. “Hey,“ his expression seemed to

22、say, “this is weird and unfair, but whatever.“ Soon, though, as he whizzes around the board, purchasing properties and collecting rent, whatever discomfort he feels seems to dissipate. Hes a skinny kid, but he balloons in size, spreading his limbs toward the jar ends of the table. He smacks his play

23、ing piece(in the experiment, the wealthy player gets the Rolls-Royce)as he makes the circuit smack, smack, smack ending his turns with a board-shuddering bang! Four minutes in, he picks up Glassess piece, the little elf shoe, and moves it for him. As the game nears its finish, T-Shirt moves his Roll

24、s faster. The taunting is over now: Hes all efficiency. He refuses to meet Glassess gaze. His expression is stone cold as he takes the losers cash. For a long time, primatologists have known that chimpanzees will act out social dominance with a special ferociousness, slapping hands, stamping feet, o

25、r “charging back and forth and dragging huge branches,“ as Jane Goodall once wrote. And sociologists and anthropologists have explored the effects of hierarchy in tribes and groups. But psychology has only recently begun seriously investigating how having money, that major marker of status in the mo

26、dern world, affects psychosocial behavior in the species Homo sapiens. By making real people temporarily very affluent, without regard to their actual economic circumstances and within the controlled environment of a psych lab, the Berkeley researchers aim to demonstrate the potency of that one vari

27、able. “Putting someone in a role where theyre more privileged and have more power in a game makes them behave like people who actually do have more power, more money, and more status,“ says Paul Piff, the psychologist who designed the experiment. The Monopoly results, based on a year of watching ine

28、quitable games between pairs like Glasses and T-Shirt, have not yet been released. But Piff believes that they will support and amplify his previous provocative research. Earlier this year, Piff, who is 30, published a paper in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences that made him semi-f

29、amous. Titled “Higher Social Class Predicts Increased Unethical Behavior,“ it showed through quizzes, online games, questionnaires, in-lab manipulations, and field studies that living high on the socioeconomic ladder can, colloquially speaking, dehumanize people. It can make them less ethical, more

30、selfish, more insular, and less compassionate than other people. It can make them more likely, as Piff demonstrated in one of his experiments, to take candy from a bowl of sweets designated for children. “While having money doesnt necessarily make anybody anything,“ Piff says, “the rich are way more

31、 likely to prioritize their own self-interests above the interests of other people. It makes them more likely to exhibit characteristics that we would stereotypically associate with, say, assholes. “ These findings, in combination with a researcher eager to promote them, reverberated online. On mess

32、age boards, detractors accused Piff of using his lab to promote a leftist agenda: that his home base was Berkeley only fueled those suspicions. Piff s e-mail box filled with messages calling him a “liberal idiot“ and his work “junk science.“ “I would wager,“ says Wharton business-school psychologist

33、 Philip Tetlock, “that a congressional committee chair who favors redistribution of wealth would be far more likely to call these experts in as witnesses than would a committee chair who opposes redistribution.“ It is easy to see Piffs research as ideologically motivated. The point is to “shed light

34、 on some of the consequences of social class,“ he says. But whatever his goal is, the “results are apolitical,“ he says, and the data point in a clear direction. “Would I be less excited if we found that higher-status people were more generous?“ he asks. “Id probably be less excited, but thats not w

35、hat we found.“ 21 According to the article, a Monopoly game （ A） is designed by psychologists who are the only people to win the game. （ B） is played by undergraduates with skills, brains, savvy and luck. （ C） makes the winner rich and loser impoverished in their lives. （ D） determines who will win

36、the game at the very beginning. 22 Which word can best describe the behavior of “T-shirt“ when playing the game? （ A） Arrogant. （ B） Indifferent. （ C） Efficient. （ D） Inhumane. 23 The italicized sentence in Paragraph Three is an example of （ A） euphemism. （ B） exaggeration. （ C） metaphor. （ D） analo

37、gy. 24 What can we imply from the words of psychologist Philip Tetlock? （ A） People of different standpoint have disagreed opinions on the Berkley research. （ B） These experts of Berkley research are witnesses of redistribution of social wealth. （ C） The Berkley research elicits a fierce debate amon

38、g the congressional committee. （ D） The committee chair who opposes redistribution will never call the experts. 25 According to the article, which of the following is true about Berkeley researchers? （ A） They publicized the results of the Monopoly game and received much criticism. （ B） They found p

39、eople who participated the game behaved less ethical. （ C） They were excited to find people in higher socioeconomic hierarchy less generous. （ D） Their purpose of the research is to clarify the hierarchy in social classes. 25 The arrest of a man for allegedly posting a picture of a burning poppy(Peo

40、ple wear poppy to memorize those who died in the two world wars)online on Remembrance Sunday has been condemned by civil liberties activists, amid growing concern about threats to freedom of speech. The 19-year-old from Canterbury, named locally as Linford House, was questioned by Kent Police yester

41、day on suspicion of an offence under the Malicious Communications Act. Freedom-of-speech campaigners accused the police of using the law to arrest a man for merely causing offence. Leading human rights lawyer John Cooper QC offered to represent the teenager free of charge should the matter come to c

42、ourt. Tim Minchin was among the comedians to speak out in favour of the arrested mans right to cause offence yesterday. He said: “Youvem a right to burn a(fake!)poppy. Whether I agree with the action is utterly irrelevant. Kent Police are out of line. “ Mr. Houses arrest was dubbed “poppycock“ by ma

43、ny discussing the issue online. Nick Pickles, director of Big Brother Watch, said the arrest was “utterly ridiculous“. He said: “Kent Police need to release this man and drop an utterly ridiculous investigation into something that has harmed no one.“ “It is not illegal to offend people and, however

44、idiotic or insensitive the picture may have been, it is certainly not worthy of arrest. “The case highlights the urgent need to reform a law that poses a serious risk to freedom of speech after several ludicrous prosecutions in recent months. “ The teenager is alleged to have posted the image of a p

45、oppy being burned with a cigarette lighter on Face-book, along with a caption which read: “How about that you squadey c (insulting words). “ Mr. Cooper QC told The Independent: “Freedom of speech is not just the freedom to say nice things, it is the freedom to say obnoxious and distasteful things as

46、 well. What we have here, is a stupid and foolish young man making an obnoxious gesture. But to potentially criminalise him and to arrest him is disproportionate and dangerous to the very fundamental freedom of speech. “There seems to be a growing intolerance and a particular intolerance to comments

47、 made on social media. It is almost as if certain sections of society the police are trying to send out unwarranted heavy-handed signals which are an affront to the very rights that we hold dear.“ In March last year, Emdadur Choudhury, a member of Muslims Against Crusades(MAC), was fined 50 after bu

48、rning replica poppies on the anniversary of Armistice Day. Choudhury had denied a charge under Section 5 of the Public Order Act of burning the poppies in a way that was likely to cause “harassment, harm or distress“ to those who witnessed it. But he was guilty of a “calculated and deliberate“ insul

49、t to the dead and those who mourn them when he burned two large plastic poppies during a two-minute silence on 11 November, a district judge sitting at Belmarsh magistrates court said. A spokeswoman for the Royal British Legion declined to comment on the investigation in Kent. Kent Police said in a statement: “Officers were contacted at around 4 p. m.on Sundayand alerted to the picture, which was reportedly accompanied by an offensive comment.“