[外语类试卷]专业英语八级模拟试卷782及答案与解析.doc

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1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 782及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.

2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Are We Ready to Open? Email has the potential as a cost-efficient and effective marketing stream. To use

3、it and use it right, 【 B1】 is essential to your email 【 B1】 _ campaigns. Here are the general 【 B2】 to be kept in mind. 【 B2】 _ Where to Begin Email campaigns are very efficient because recipients usually give 【 B3】 within 2 or 3 days. They can be used for many purposes 【 B3】 _ such as increasing sa

4、les, building branding awareness, etc. So email is considered one of the most powerful 【 B4】 tools. 【 B4】 _ Determine the Goals of Your Campaign Decide just how much you want in your campaign. This goal must be solid and 【 B5】 . Such goals will make it easier for you 【 B5】 _ to see if the campaign i

5、s successful. Whether the goals, in some cases, is surpassed or the other way round, they 【 B6】 new goals 【 B6】 _ for the future. They may also tell you something about how to do better next. Determine Your 【 B7】 Market 【 B7】 _ Who exactly are you trying to reach? This can be one of the most importa

6、nt aspects of your campaign. Determine Your Call(s) to Action You should decide 【 B8】 what you want your email 【 B8】 _ recipients to do, such as buying a product, or visiting certain webpage. This will help you judge your success. Develop Your Privacy Policy Inform briefly your privacy policy and pr

7、ovide a way so that the recipients can decide if they want future mailings. Thus, you are becoming a 【 B9】 email marketer. 【 B9】 _ Should You Start (Re)Considering Your Marketing Channels? Email is a 【 B10】 marketing channel and it is easy to be 【 B10】 _ included in your marketing plan. I am sure it

8、 will fulfill your business goals. 1 【 B1】 2 【 B2】 3 【 B3】 4 【 B4】 5 【 B5】 6 【 B6】 7 【 B7】 8 【 B8】 9 【 B9】 10 【 B10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interv

9、iew. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 According to the man, the reasons we need to talk about regret are all of the following EXCEPT （ A） its common to people. （ B） its an opportunity to grow. （ C

10、） its important to people. （ D） its annoying people. 12 Which of the following is INCORRECT about regret? （ A） Its completely an opportunity if we acknowledge it. （ B） Its a kind of emotion about the past. （ C） Its a yearning about the future. （ D） It promotes us to act. 13 The difference between re

11、gret and guilt lies in （ A） past and present focuses. （ B） effect on action. （ C） degree in emotion. （ D） peoples attitude. 14 According the the man, people who are living with regrets for years should do all the following EXCEPT （ A） to identify regrets. （ B） to grieve regrets. （ C） to consider doi

12、ng something. （ D） to consult experts. 15 The interview mainly focuses on （ A） what regret really is. （ B） how to deal with regret. （ C） the difference between regret and guilt. （ D） suggestions to people long living with regrets. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear ev

13、erything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 The results of the new free trade between the U.S. and South Korea are all the following EXCEPT that （ A） it will create at least 70,

14、000 jobs for America. （ B） it will ensure security on the peninsula. （ C） it will boost exports of American goods $1 lbn every year. （ D） it will help double US exports in the next five years. 17 What lead to the shutdown of several Spanish airports? （ A） The air traffic controllers sickness. （ B） U

15、nfavorable weather conditions. （ C） The dispute over air traffic controllers hours and conditions. （ D） The irresponsibility of the airline company. 18 What is the reaction of the government? （ A） It has heavily condemned the air traffic controllers. （ B） It might allow the military to take control

16、of the airspace. （ C） It will encourage people not to go out. （ D） Not mentioned. 19 Why is the film-maker sentenced to six years in jail? （ A） Because he makes blue films which are banned in Iran. （ B） Because his films reflect the negative side of Iranian society. （ C） Because he is publicly antis

17、ocial. （ D） Hes sentenced wrongly. 20 Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about Jafar Panahi? （ A） This is the second time for his arrestment. （ B） He is an internationally well-known film-maker. （ C） He is banned from making films any more. （ D） He cannot leave Iran for the next 20 years

18、. 20 Globalisation is the more or less simultaneous marketing and sale of identical goods and services around the world. So widespread has the phenomenon become over the past two decades that no one is surprised any more to find Coca-Cola in rural Vietnam, Accenture in Tashkent and Nike shoes in Nig

19、eria. The statistic that perhaps best reflects the growth of globalization is the value of cross-border world trade expressed as a percentage of total global GDP: it was around 15% in 1990, is some 20% today and is expected by McKinsey easy internet access and cheap international telecommunications,

20、 the most obvious manifestation of which is call centres in India that are servicing customers and corporations in Europe and the United States; the rapid growth of large developing countries such as China, India and Brazil, and their growing demand not only for western consumer goods and technologi

21、es but also for goods and services from other developing countries. Trade between China and Africa, for instance, rose from $3 billion in 1995 to over $32 billion in 2005. Companies have approached globalization in two distinct ways. On the one hand are those such as Gillette and Heineken that have

22、made little concession to local tastes and manufacture their goods in a few centralized production facilities that follow strictly uniform standards. “The product must be the same everywhere,“ wrote a Heineken chairman recently. “To ensure quality, every 14 days our breweries send samples to profess

23、ional tasters in the Netherlands.“ On the other hand are companies that tailor their products or services for each local market. Among them are Japanese carmakers such as Toyota, which now has plants in several countries producing for local markets, and Coca-Cola, which never tastes quite the same f

24、rom one country to the next. A former chief executive of Coca-Cola admitted that the company had once upon a time changed its globalization strategy. “We used to be an American company with a large international business,“ he said. “Now were a large international company with a sizeable American bus

25、iness.“ 21 Accenture is mentioned in the opening paragraph （ A） to illustrate the world market has been globalized. （ B） to show the worldwide prestige of Accenture. （ C） to compare the globalization of Vitenam, Tashkent and Nigeria. （ D） to exemplify the backwardness of Tashkent. 22 Which of the fo

26、llowing can best reflect the trend of globalization? （ A） The value of cross-border world trade. （ B） The globalized markets for standardized products. （ C） The ratio of the value of cross-border world trade to that of global GDP. （ D） The sales volume of identical goods and services around the worl

27、d. 23 According to SustainAbility, what is the reason for the appearance of so many different definitions for globalization? （ A） Theres no authoritative definition for globalization. （ B） Others definitions are more convincing than professor Levitts. （ C） Different people have different ideas on gl

28、obalization. （ D） Things are different after two decades time. 24 What is mentioned as a reason why the world market is being globalized? （ A） The developing countries can get goods and services from western countries only. （ B） Some western multinationals are eager to reap profits from other countr

29、ies. （ C） The developed countries depend more on resources of the developing countries. （ D） The world is becoming more connected through internet and telecommunications. 25 Which of the following is true of Coca-Colas approach in globalization? （ A） It produces goods by uniform standards. （ B） It c

30、aters to the taste of local markets. （ C） It loses business to keep the quality standards. （ D） It changes its taste in order to reduce cost. 25 Towards the end of Thinking, Fast and Slow, Daniel Kahneman laments that he and his late collaborator, Amos Tversky, are often credited with showing that h

31、umans make “irrational“ choices. That term is too strong, he says, to describe the variety of mental mishaps to which people systematically fall prey. Readers of his book may disagree. Mr. Kahneman, an Israeli-American psychologist and Nobel economics laureate, has delivered a full catalogue of the

32、biases, shortcuts and cognitive illusions to which our species regularly succumbs. In doing so he makes it plain that Homo economicus the rational model of human behaviour beloved of economists is as fantastical as a unicorn. In one experiment described by Mr. Kahneman, participants asked to imagine

33、 that they have been given 50 behave differently depending on whether they are then told they can “keep“ 20 or must “lose“ 30 though the outcomes are identical. He also shows that it is more threatening to say that a disease kills “1,286 in every 10,000 people“, than to say it kills “24.14% of the p

34、opulation“, even though the second mention is twice as deadly. Vivid language often overrides basic arithmetic. Some findings are downright peculiar. Experimental subjects who have been “primed“ to think of money, perhaps by seeing a picture of dollar bills, will act more selfishly. So if someone ne

35、arby drops some pencils, these subjects will pick up fewer than their non-primed counterparts. Even obliquely suggesting the concept of old age will inspire people to walk more slowly though feeling elderly never crossed their mind, they will later report. After all this the human brain looks less l

36、ike a model of rationality and more like a giddy teenager: flighty, easily distracted and lacking in self-awareness. Yet this book is not a counsel of despair. Its awkward title refers to Mr. Kahnemans two-tier model of cognition: “System 1“ is quick, intuitive and responsible for the quirks and mis

37、takes described above (and many others). “System 2“, by contrast, i$ slow, deliberative and less prone to error. System 2 kicks in when we are faced with particularly complex problems, but much of the time it is all too happy to let the impulsive System 1 get its way. What, then, is System 1 good fo

38、r? Rather a lot, it turns out. In a world that often demands swift judgment and rapid decision-making (fight or flight?), a creature who solely relied on deliberative thinking wouldnt last long. Moreover, System 1 generally works well. As Mr. Kahneman says, “most of our judgments and actions are app

39、ropriate most of the time“. He urges readers to counteract what he considers to be mistakes of System 1 thinking, such as the “loss aversion“ that deters people from accepting favourable gambles (such as a 50-50 chance to win $200 or lose $100). He also recommends checking the performance of an inve

40、stment portfolio no more than once a quarter, to limit needless anguish over short-term fluctuations and the “useless churning“ of shares. Mr. Kahneman does not dwell on the possible evolutionary origins of our cognitive biases, nor does he devote much time to considering why some people seem natura

41、lly better at avoiding error than others. Still this book, his first for a non-specialist audience, is a profound one. As Copernicus removed the Earth from the centre of the universe and Darwin knocked humans off their biological perch, Mr. Kahneman has shown that we are not the paragons of reason w

42、e assume ourselves to be. Often hailed as the father of behavioural economics (with Tversky as co-parent), his work has influenced a range of disciplines and has even inspired some policy. But the true consequences of his findings are only starting to emerge. When he presents the poor victims of his

43、 experiments with conclusive proof of their errors, the typical reaction is not a chastened pledge to shape up, but confused silence, followed by business as usual. No one likes to be told he is wrong. 26 It is stated in the first paragraph that Daniel Kahneman （ A） often makes irrational choices ou

44、t of biases, shortcuts and illusions. （ B） laments the death of his collaborator. （ C） is very critical of the irrational mistakes people make. （ D） believes perfectly rational human beings are non-existent. 27 The experiment where people behave differently when the things are told differently but t

45、o the same effect demonstrates that （ A） anguage is so important as to affect peoples behavior. （ B） people may take actions before they think twice. （ C） people tend to be more selfish when it comes to money. （ D） understanding language is more interesting than doing math. 28 Which of the following

46、 mistakes is System 1 responsible for, according to Kahneman? （ A） A thought-through decision made at the cost of life. （ B） Strong desire to gamble in a 50-50 chance. （ C） Anxiety over investment on a short-term basis. （ D） Fear to make decisions in urgent situations. 29 What is the book, Thinking,

47、 Fast and Slow, mainly about? （ A） Why people are not that rational as imagined. （ B） How peoples thinking pattern develops. （ C） Why some people are better decision-makers than others. （ D） How people develop cognitive biases. 30 What does Kahneman, the author of the book, share in common with Cope

48、rnicus and Darwin? （ A） They try to overrule a deep-rooted concept. （ B） They undergo research to come to conclusion. （ C） They prove natural and social sciences are related. （ D） They explain complex theories in a simple way. 30 In Britain, those who live to be 100 years old receive a birthday card

49、 from the queen. In the future, centenarians everywhere may also receive a call from a geneticist. If they do, he or she will be seeking a sample of DNA that might, eventually, help to reveal the genetic components of extreme longevity. The more immediate use, however, will be in a competition. For on October 26th the X Prize Foundation, based in Playa Vista, California, unveiled its latest carrot to the worlds scientists. The foundation has already put up prizes in areas as diverse as clea