[外语类试卷]专业英语八级模拟试卷206及答案与解析.doc

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1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 206及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.

2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Language Families All of the languages within a language family are【 1】 and all of them have a similar hi

3、story. Lets take a brief look at some of the largest language families. English has become a world language because of its establishment as a【 2】 outside England. The Indo European language family includes most of the languages that are spoken throughout Europe, languages such as English, French, an

4、d【 3】 . The Afro-Asiatic family includes most languages in the area of【 4】 , such as【 5】 . Bantu includes most of the languages spoken in【 6】 Africa. A fourth large group of languages is the Sino-Tibetan Family which includes all【 7】 of Chinese. Japanese is【 8】 to the Sino-Tibetan family. The Polyne

5、sian languages are【 9】 languages. They are spread by【 10】 . 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are bas

6、ed on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 According to the dialogue, which of the following things may not be Peters choice at the weekend? （ A） Go to a pub for a drink. （ B） Do some wa

7、shing. （ C） Go to the church. （ D） Have a big brunch. 12 What does Susan always do on Saturdays? （ A） Read many newspapers. （ B） Have continental breakfast. （ C） Play tennis. （ D） Play chess. 13 In the game, how many Pawns does each player have? （ A） five （ B） six （ C） seven （ D） eight 14 “Files“ re

8、fer to the _ on the chessboard. （ A） horizontal rows （ B） vertical rows （ C） diagonal rows （ D） squares 15 Which of the following statement about Knights is Not true? （ A） Each player has 2 knights, a Kings Knight and a Queens Knight. （ B） The Knight is the only piece which can jump over pieces. （ C

9、） It can jump over only the pieces of its own colour. （ D） The Knight can move in any direction. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 sec

10、onds to answer the questions. 16 Which of the following issues is NOT among the topics of discussion in the conference? （ A） helping Iraq with reconstruction （ B） reasserting law and order （ C） adopting a new constitution （ D） reform the Iraqi army 17 A meeting is scheduled to be held today between

11、_. （ A） Palestinian leader and Israeli Prime Minister （ B） Palestinian leader and Israeli Foreign Minister （ C） Palestinian leader and Israeli President （ D） Pakistani leader and Israeli Defense Minister 18 A suicide bomber attacked _ yesterday. （ A） a Baghdad shop （ B） a Baghdad restaurant （ C） a B

12、angkok shop （ D） a Bangkok restaurant 19 Before entering the Florida Key West, Hurricane Dennis has caused damage in _. （ A） Mexico （ B） Haiti （ C） Cuba （ D） Columbia 20 According to the forecast, Hurricane Dennis will get stronger as it passes through _. （ A） Florida （ B） Cuba （ C） Louisiana （ D） t

13、he Gulf of Mexico 20 Science is a dominant theme in our culture. Since it touches almost every facet of our life, educated people need at least some acquaintance with its structure and operation. They should also have an understanding of the subculture in which scientists live and the kinds of peopl

14、e they are. An understanding of general characteristics of science as well as specific scientific concepts is easier to attain if one knows something about the things that excite and frustrate the scientist. This book is written for the intelligent student or lay person whose acquaintance with scien

15、ce is superficial; for the person who has been presented with science as a musty storehouse of dried facts; for the person who sees the chief objective of science as the production of gadgets; and for the person who views the scientists as some sort of magician. The book can be used to supplement a

16、course in any science, to accompany any course that attempts to give an understanding of the modern world, orindependently of any coursesimply to provide a better understanding of science. We hope this book will lead readers to a broader perspective on scientific attitudes and a more realistic view

17、of what science is, who scientists are, and what they do. It will give them an awareness and understanding of the relationship between science and our culture and an appreciation of the roles science may play in our culture. In addition, readers may learn to appreciate the relationship between scien

18、tific views and some of the values and philosophies that are pervasive in our culture. We have tried to present in this book an accurate and up-to-date picture of the scientific community and the people who populate it. That population has in recent years come to comprise more and more women. This i

19、ncreasing role of women in the scientific subculture is not a unique incident but, rather, part of the trend evident in all segments of society as more women enter traditionally male-dominated fields and make significant contributions. In discussing these changes and contributions, however, we are f

20、aced with a language that is implicitly sexist, one that uses male nouns or pronouns in referring to unspecified individuals. To offset this built-in bias, we have adopted the policy of using plural nouns and pronouns whenever possible and, when absolutely necessary, alternating he and she. This pol

21、icy is far from being ideal, but it is at least an acknowledgment of the inadequacy of our language in treating half of the human race equally. We have also tried to make the book entertaining as well as informative. Our approach is usually informal. We feel, as do many other scientists, that we sho

22、uldnt take ourselves too seriously. As the reader may observe, we see science as a delightful pastime rather than as a grim and dreary way to earn a living. 21 According to the passage, “scientific subculture“ means _. （ A） cultural groups that are formed by scientists （ B） people whose knowledge of

23、 science is very limited （ C） the scientific community （ D） people who make good contribution to science 22 We need to know something about the structure and operation of science because _. （ A） it is not easy to understand the things that excite and frustrate scientists （ B） science affects almost

24、every aspect of our life （ C） scientists live in a specific subculture （ D） it is easier to understand general characteristics of science 23 The book mentioned in this passage is written for readers who _. （ A） are intelligent college students and lay person who do not know much about science （ B） a

25、re good at producing various gadgets （ C） work in a storehouse of dried facts （ D） want to have a superficial understanding of science 24 According to this passage, _. （ A） English is a sexist language （ B） only in the scientific world is the role of women increasing rapidly （ C） women are making si

26、gnificant contributions to eliminating the inadequacy of our language （ D） male nouns or pronouns should not be used to refer to scientists 24 Antarctica has actually become a kind of space stationa unique observation post for detecting important changes in the worlds environment. Remote from major

27、sources of pollution and the complex geological and ecological systems that prevail elsewhere, Antarctica makes possible scientific measurements that are often sharper and easier to interpret than those made in other parts of the world. Growing numbers of scientists therefore see Antarctica as a dis

28、tant-early-warning sensor, where potentially dangerous global trends may be spotted before they show up to the north. One promising field of investigation is glaciology. Scholars from the United States, Switzerland, and France are pursuing seven separate but related projects that reflect their conce

29、rn for the health of the West Antarctic Ice Sheeta concern they believe the world at large should share. The Transantarctic Mountain, some of them more than 14,000 feet high, divide the continent into two very different regions. The part of the continent to the “east“ of the mountains is a high plat

30、eau covered by an ice sheet nearly two miles thick. “West“ of the mountain, the half of the continent south of the Americas is also covered by an ice sheet, but there the ice rests on rock that is mostly well below sea level. If the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared, the western part of the conti

31、nent would be reduced to a sparse cluster of islands. While ice and snow are obviously central to many environmental experiments, others focus on the mysterious “dry valley“ of Antarctica, valleys that contain little ice or snow even in the depths of winter. Slashed through the mountains of southern

32、 Victoria Land, these valleys once held enormous glaciers that descended 9,000 feet from the polar plateau to the Ross Sea. Now the glaciers are gone, perhaps a casualty of the global warming trend during the 10,000 years since the ice age. Even the snow that falls in the dry valleys is blasted out

33、by vicious winds that roar down from the polar plateau to the sea. Left bare are spectacular gorges, rippled fields of sand dunes, clusters of boulders sculptured into fantastic shapes by 100-mile-an-hour winds, and an aura of extraterrestrial desolation. Despite the unearthly aspect of the dry vall

34、eys, some scientists believe they may carry a message of hope of the verdant parts of the earth. Some scientists believe that in some cases the dry valleys may soak up pollutants faster than pollutants enter them. 25 What would the result be if the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared? （ A） The west

35、ern part of the continent would be disappeared. （ B） The western part of the continent would be reduced. （ C） The western part of the continent would become hidden Islands. （ D） The western part of the continent would become a group of smaller Islands. 26 Why are the Dry Valleys left bare? （ A） Vici

36、ous wind blasts the snow away. （ B） It rarely snows. （ C） Because of the global warming trend and fierce wind. （ D） Sand dunes. 27 Which of the following is true? （ A） The “Dry Valleys“ have nothing left inside. （ B） The “Dry Valleys“ never hold glaciers. （ C） The “Dry Valleys“ may carry a message o

37、f hope for the verdant. （ D） The “Dry Valleys“ are useless to scientists. 27 In some countries where racial prejudice is acute, violence has so come to be taken for granted as a means of solving differences, that it is not even questioned. There are countries where the white man imposes his rule by

38、brute force; there are countries where the black man protests by setting fire to cities and by looting and pillaging. Important people on both sides, who would in other respects appear to be reasonable men, get up and calmly argue in favor of violenceas if it were a legitimate solution, like any oth

39、er. What is really frightening, what really fills you with despair, is the realization that when it comes to the crunch, we have made no actual progress at all. We may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint, but our instincts remain basically unchanged. The whole of the recorded history of the h

40、uman race, that tedious documentation of violence, has taught us absolutely nothing. We have still not learnt that violence never solves a problem but makes it more acute. The sheer horror, the bloodshed, and the suffering mean nothing. No solution ever comes to light the morning after when we disma

41、lly contemplate the smoking ruins and wonder what hit us. The truly reasonable men who know where the solutions lie are finding it harder and harder to get a hearing. They are despised, mistrusted and even persecuted by their own kind because they advocate such apparently outrageous things as law en

42、forcement. If half the energy that goes into violent acts were put to good use, if our efforts were directed at cleaning up the slums and ghettos, at improving living-standards and providing education and employment for all, we would have gone a long way to arriving at a solution. Our strength is sa

43、pped by having to mop up the mess that violence leaves in its wake. In a well-directed effort, it would not be impossible to fulfill the ideals of a stable social programmed. The benefits that can be derived from constructive solutions are everywhere apparent in the world around us. Genuine and last

44、ing solutions are always possible, providing we work within the framework of the law. Before we can even begin to contemplate peaceful co-existence between the races, we must appreciate each others problems. And to do this, we must learn about them: it is a simple, exercise in communication, in exch

45、anging information. “Talk, talk, talk,“ the advocates of violence say, “all you ever do is talk, and we are none the wiser.“ Its rather like the story of the famous barrister who painstakingly explained his case to the judge. After listening to a lengthy argument the judge complained that after all

46、this talk, he was none the wiser. “Possible, my lord,“ the barrister replied, “none the wiser, but surely far better informed.“ Knowledge is the necessary prerequisite to wisdom: the knowledge that violence creates the evils it pretends to solve. 28 What is the best title for this passage? （ A） Advo

47、cating Violence. （ B） Violence Can Do Nothing to Diminish Race Prejudice. （ C） Important People on Both Sides See Violence As a Legitimate Solution. （ D） The Instincts of Human Race Are Thirsty for Violence. 29 Recorded history has taught us _. （ A） violence never solves anything （ B） nothing at all

48、 （ C） the bloodshed means nothing （ D） everything 30 It can be inferred that truly reasonable men _. （ A） cant get a hearing （ B） are looked down upon （ C） are persecuted （ D） have difficulty in advocating law enforcement 31 The sentence “He was none the wiser“ in the last paragraph means _. （ A） he

49、 was not at all wise in listening （ B） he was not at all wiser than nothing before （ C） he gains nothing after listening （ D） he makes no sense of the argument 32 According the author the best way to solve race prejudice is _. （ A） law enforcement （ B） knowledge （ C） nonviolence （ D） mopping up the violent mess 32 The statistics Ive cited and the living examples are all too familiar to you. But what may not be so familiar will be the increasing number of women who are looking actively for a