[外语类试卷]2015年职称英语(理工类)A级真题试卷及答案与解析.doc
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1、2015年职称英语(理工类) A级真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题,每题 1分,共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中,请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class. ( A) control ( B) observe ( C) regulate ( D) accept 2 She showed a natural aptitude for the work. ( A) sense ( B) talent ( C) flavor (
2、D) taste 3 Most people find rejection hard to accept. ( A) excuse ( B) client ( C) destiny ( D) refusal 4 The organization was bold enough to face the press. ( A) pleased ( B) powerful ( C) brave ( D) sensible 5 They were locked in mortal combat. ( A) deadly ( B) open ( C) actual ( D) active 6 We we
3、re attracted by the lure of quick money. ( A) amount ( B) supply ( C) sum ( D) tempt 7 The procedures were perceived as complex and less transparent. ( A) clear ( B) necessary ( C) special ( D) correct 8 The Stock Exchange is in turmoil following a huge wave of selling. ( A) service ( B) danger ( C)
4、 disorder ( D) threat 9 He believes that Europe must change or it will perish. ( A) survive ( B) last ( C) die ( D) move 10 There was a simultaneous trial taking place in the next building. ( A) fair ( B) full ( C) coexisting ( D) public 11 They promote assimilation of ethnic group into the main-str
5、eams culture. ( A) policy ( B) value ( C) equality ( D) integration 12 A salesmans cardinal rule is to satisfy customers. ( A) principal ( B) official ( C) simple ( D) legal 13 I must compliment you on your handling of a very difficult situation. ( A) silence ( B) praise ( C) assure ( D) complain 14
6、 We live for years in a perpetual state of fear. ( A) emotional ( B) nervous ( C) terrible ( D) continuous 15 The starving children were a pathetic sight. ( A) common ( B) unexpected ( C) unforgettable ( D) pitiful 二 、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题,每题 1分,共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断:如果该句提供的是正确信息,请选择 A;如
7、果该句提供的是错误信息,请选择 B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及,请选择 C。 15 Lack of Oxygen Delayed the Rise of Animals on Earth Scientists have long speculated as to why animal species didnt flourish sooner, once sufficient oxygen covered the Earths surface. Animals began to prosper at the end of the Proterozoic period, about 800 mi
8、llion years ago but what about the billion-year stretch before that, when most researchers think there also was plenty of oxygen? Well, it seems the air wasnt so great then, after all. In a study published Oct. 31 in Science, Yale researcher Noah Planavsky and his colleagues found that oxygen levels
9、 during the “boring billion“ period were only 0. 1% of what they are today. In other words, Earths atmosphere couldnt have supported a diversity of creatures, no matter what genetic advancements were poised to occur. “There is no question that genetic and ecological innovation must ultimately be beh
10、ind the rise of animals, but it is equally unavoidable that animals need a certain level of oxygen,“ said Planavsky, co-lead author of the research along with Christopher Reinhard of the Georgia Institute of Technology. “Were providing the first evidence that oxygen levels were low enough during thi
11、s period to potentially prevent the rise of animals. “ The scientists found their evidence by analyzing chromium (Cr) isotopes in ancient sediments from China, Australia, Canada, and the United States. Chromium is found in the Earths continental crust, and chromium oxidation is directly linked to th
12、e presence of free oxygen in the atmosphere. Specifically, the team studied samples deposited in shallow, iron-rich ocean areas, near the shore. They compared their data with other samples taken from younger locales known to have higher levels of oxygen. Oxygens role in controlling the first appeara
13、nce of animals has long vexed scientists. “ We were missing the right approach until now,“ Planavsky said. “Chromium gave us the proxy. “ Previous estimates put the oxygen level at 40% of todays conditions during pre-animal times, leaving open the possibility that oxygen was already plentiful enough
14、 to support animal life. In the new study, the researchers acknowledged that oxygen levels were “highly dynamic“ in the early atmosphere, with the potential for occasional spikes. However, they said, “It seems clear that there is a first-order difference in the nature of Earth surface Cr cycling“ be
15、fore and after the rise of animals. “ If we are right, our results will really change how people view the origins of animals and other complex life, and their relationships to the co-evolving environment,“ said co-author Tim Lyons of the University of California-Riverside. “This could be a game chan
16、ger. “ “Theres a lot of interest right now in a broader discussion surrounding the role that environmental, stability played in the evolution of complex life, and we think our results are a significant contribution to that,“ Reinhard said. 16 The study discovered the rise of animals occurred earlier
17、 than the Proterozoic period. ( A) Right ( B) Wrong ( C) Not mentioned 17 Many researchers believe the oxygen level was high during pre-animal times. ( A) Right ( B) Wrong ( C) Not mentioned 18 The team was funded by several research institutes. ( A) Right ( B) Wrong ( C) Not mentioned 19 Genetic ad
18、vancements triggered the rise of animals. ( A) Right ( B) Wrong ( C) Not mentioned 20 The samples studied in the research were collected in ocean areas. ( A) Right ( B) Wrong ( C) Not mentioned 21 The study revealed that chromium found in Earths continental crust remained stable before and after the
19、 rise of animals. ( A) Right ( B) Wrong ( C) Not mentioned 22 Tim Lyons liked to play computer games in his spare time. ( A) Right ( B) Wrong ( C) Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题,每题 1分,共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项 测试任务: (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题; (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Fir
20、st Image-recognition Software 1.Dartmouth researchers and their colleagues have created an artificial intelligence software that uses photos to locate documents on the Internet with far greater accuracy than ever before. 2.The new system, which was tested on photos and is now being applied to videos
21、, shows for the first time that a machine learning algorithm (运算法则 ) for image recognition and retrieval is accurate and efficient enough to improve large-scale document searches online. The system uses pixel (像素 ) datain images and potentially video rather than just text to locate documents. It lea
22、rns to recognize the pixels associated with a search phrase by studying the results from text-based image search engines. The knowledge gleaned (收集 ) from those results can men be applied to other photos without tags or captions (图片说明 ), making for more accurate document search results. 3.“Over the
23、last 30 years,“ says Associate Professor Lorenzo Torresani, a co-author of the stud-y,“ the Web has evolved from a small collection of mostly text documents to a modern, massive, fast-growing multimedia data set, where nearly every page includes multiple pictures or videos. When a person looks at a
24、Web page, he immediately gets the gist (主旨 ) of it by looking at the pictures in it. Yet, surprisingly, all existing popular search engines, such as Google or Bing, strip away the information contained in the photos and use exclusively the text of Web pages to perform the document retrieval. Our stu
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