[外语类试卷]2008年职称英语（卫生类）B级真题试卷及答案与解析.doc

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1、2008年职称英语（卫生类） B级真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 She found me very dull. （ A） dirty （ B） sleepy （ C） lazy （ D） boring 2 The President made a brief visit to Beijing. （ A） short （ B） working （ C） formal （ D） secret 3 He was persuaded to give

2、 up the idea. （ A） mention （ B） accept （ C） consider （ D） drop 4 Jack consumes a pound of cheese a day. （ A） eats （ B） drinks （ C） buys （ D） produces 5 Mary just told us a very fascinating story. （ A） strange （ B） frightening （ C） difficult （ D） interesting 6 Its a gorgeous day anyway. （ A） lovely （

3、 B） cold （ C） normal （ D） rainy 7 Her life is becoming more diverse. （ A） generous （ B） humorous （ C） varied （ D） romantic 8 Foreign military aid was prolonging the war. （ A） broadening （ B） worsening （ C） extending （ D） accelerating 9 She was unwilling to go but she had no choice. （ A） unable （ B）

4、indecisive （ C） ready （ D） reluctant 10 She is slender, with delicate wrists and ankles. （ A） sick （ B） weak （ C） slim （ D） pale 11 With immense relief, I stopped running. （ A） some （ B） enormous （ C） little （ D） extensive 12 The scientists began to accumulate data. （ A） collect （ B） handle （ C） ana

5、lyze （ D） investigate 13 Jack eventually overtook the last truck. （ A） hit （ B） passed （ C） reached （ D） led 14 Sometimes it is advisable to book hotels in advance. （ A） possible （ B） profitable （ C） easy （ D） wise 15 The reason for their unusual behavior remains a puzzle. （ A） fact （ B） mystery （ C

6、） statement （ D） game 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 Survey Finds Many Women Misinformed about Cancer Sixty-three percent of American women think that if theres no family history of cancer, youre not likel

7、y to develop the disease, a new survey found. In fact, most people who develop cancer have no family history of cancer, according to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) (美国妇产科医师学会 ), Which sponsored the survey. “Too many women are dying from cancer,“ Dr. Douglas W. Laube,

8、ACOGs immediate past president, said during a Friday teleconference. “An estimated 200,070 women will die in the U. S. this year, and over 600,078 women will be diagnosed with cancer. The results of this survey found a worrisome (令人担扰的 ) gap in womens knowledge about cancer.“ Based on the findings,

9、ACOG is increasing its efforts to educate women about cancer and the need for regular screening tests. Although the survey found many misconceptions (错误观念 ) about cancer, 76 percent of women surveyed did say they feel knowledgeable about how they can reduce their risk of the disease. However, only 5

10、2 percent said they were doing enough to reduce that risk. And 10 percent said they hadnt done anything in the past year to lower their risk. Seventeen percent said they wouldnt change their lifestyles, even if changes would lower their cancer risk. Many women said they were afraid to undergo screen

11、ing out of fear of finding cancer. Twenty percent said they didnt want to know if they had cancer. In response to these findings, ACOG will launch on Oct. 29 a new website - Protect experience tragedy (her mothers suicide and murder of her twin children) ; and learn about her feelings as she grows i

12、nto a woman. We see her marry, lose her husband, then marry again. Chris has seemed so convincing a figure to some female readers that they cannot believe that she is the creation of a man. But it would be misleading to suggest that this book is just about Chris. It is truly a novel of a place and i

13、ts people. Its opening section tells of Kinraddies long history, in a language that imitates the places changing patterns of speech and writing. The story itself is amazingly full of characters and incidents. It is told from Chris point of view but also from that of the gossiping community, a commun

14、ity where everybody knows everybody elses business and nothing is ever forgotten. Sunset Song has a social theme too. It is concerned with what Grassic Gibbon perceives as the destruction of traditional Scottish rural life first by modernization and then by World War I. Gibbon tried hard to show how

15、 certain characters resist the war. Despite this, the war takes the young men away, a number of them to their deaths. In particular, it takes away Chris husband, Ewan Tavendale. The war finally kills Ewan, but not in the way his widow is told. In fact, the Germans arent responsible for his death, bu

16、t his own side. He is shot because he is said to have run away from a battle. If the novel is about the end of one way of life it also looks ahead. It is a “Sunset Song“ but is concerned too with the new Kinraddie, indeed of the new European world. Grassic Gibbon went on to publish two other novels

17、about the place that continue its story. 41 What is Sunset Song mainly about? （ A） The First World War. （ B） The beauty of the sunset. （ C） The new European world. （ D） The lives of rural Scottish farmers. 42 Which statement is NOT true of Chris? （ A） She is the heroine of Sunset Song. （ B） She had

18、a miserable childhood. （ C） She is the creation of a man. （ D） She married only once. 43 What is the opening section of the novel mainly concerned with? （ A） The climate Of Kinraddie. （ B） The history of Kinraddie. （ C） The geography of Kinraddie. （ D） The language spoken in Kinraddie. 44 Who killed

19、 Chris husband, Ewan? （ A） His own troops （ B） The French army. （ C） The Germans. （ D） The Russian soldiers. 45 The word “Sunset“ in the title of this novel most probably means （ A） the end of the heroines life. （ B） the end of the story. （ C） the end of the traditional way of life. （ D） the end of

20、the day. 五、 补全短文 (第 46-50，每题 2分，共 10分 ) 下面的 短文有 5处空白，短文后有 6个句子，其中 5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 46 Rising Tuition in the US Every Spring, US university administrators gather to discuss the next academic years budget. They consider faculty salaries, utility costs for dormitories, new building nee

21、ds and repairs to old ones. They run the numbers and conclude - it seems, inevitably - that, yet again, the cost of tuition must go up. According to the USs College Board, the price of attending a four-year private university in the US rose 81 percent between 1993 and 2004. (46)_ In 2005 and 2006, t

22、he numbers continued to rise. According to university officials, college cost increases are simply the result of balancing university checkbooks. “Tuition increases at Cedarville University are determined by our revenue needs for each year,“ said the universitys president, Dr Bill Brown. “Student tu

23、ition pays for 78 percent of the universitys operating costs. “ Browns school is a private university that enrolls about 3,100 undergrads and is consistently recognized by annual college ranking guides like US News and World Reports and The Princeton Reviews. (47)_ Tuition at private universities is

24、 set by administration officials and then sent for approval to the schools board of trustees (董事 ). (48)_ This board oversees (监管 ) all of a states public institutions. John Durham, assistant secretary to the board of trustees at East Carolina University (ECU), explains !hat state law says that publ

25、ic institutions must make their services available whenever possible to the people of the state for free. Durham said that North Carolina residents only pay 22 percent of the cost of their education. (49)_ State residents attending ECU pay about US $10,000 for tuition, room and board before financia

26、l aid. Amid the news about continued increases in college costs, however, there is some good news. Tuition increases have been accompanied by roughly equal increases in financial aid at almost every university. To receive financial aid, US students complete a formal application with the federal gove

27、rnment. The federal government then decides whether an applicant is eligible (有资格的 ) for grants or loans. (50)_ A. The application is then sent to the students university, where the school itself will decide whether free money will be given to the student and how much. B. At public universities, how

28、ever, tuition increases must also be approved by a state education committee, sometimes called the board of governors. C. The school currently charges US $23,410 a year for tuition. D. Many American people are simply unable to pay the growing cost of food. E. Thats more than double the rate of infla

29、tion. F. The state government covers the rest. 六、 完形填空 (第 51-65题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面的短文有 15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定 1个最佳选项。 51 Breastfeeding Can Cut Cardiovascular (心血管的 ) Risk Breastfeeding can reduce the risk of a heart attack or stroke later in life and could prevent hundreds of (51) of deaths each year,

30、researchers said on Friday. Babies who are breastfed have fewer childhood infections and allergies (过敏 ) and are less (52) to obesity (肥胖 ) . British scientists have now shown that breastfeeding and slow growth in the first weeks and months of life has a protective effect (53) cardiovascular disease

31、. “Diets that promote more rapid growth put babies at risk many years later in (54) of raising their blood pressure, raising their cholesterol (胆固醇 ) and increasing their tendency to diabetes (糖尿病 ) and obesity the (55) main risk factors for stroke and heart attack,“ said Professor Alan Lucas of the

32、 Institute of Child Health in London. “Our evidence suggests that the reason why breast-fed babies do better is because they grow more (56) in the early weeks. “ Lucas said the effects of breastfeeding on blood pressure and cholesterol later in life are greater than (57) adults can do to control the

33、 risk factors for cardiovascular disease, other than taking drugs. An estimated 17 million people die of (58) disease, particularly heart attack and strokes, each year, according to the World Health Organization. Lucas and his colleagues compared the health of 216 teenagers (59) as babies had either

34、 been breastfed or given different nutritional baby formulas. They reported their (60) in The Lancet medical journal. The teenagers who had been (61) had a 14-percent lower ratio of bad to good cholesterol and lower concentrations of a protein that is a marker for cardiovascular disease risk. The re

35、searchers also found that, (62) of the childs weight at birth, the faster the infants grew in the early weeks and months of life, the (63) was their later risk of heart disease and stroke. The effect was the (64) for both boys and girls. “The more human milk you have in the newborn period, the lower

36、 your cholesterol level is, the lower your blood pressure is 16 years (65) ,“ Lucas said. （ A） hundreds （ B） thousands （ C） millions （ D） numbers （ A） likely （ B） possible （ C） easy （ D） prone （ A） against （ B） towards （ C） onto （ D） for （ A） words （ B） cases （ C） terms （ D） places （ A） two （ B） fou

37、r （ C） six （ D） five （ A） slowly （ B） quickly （ C） weakly （ D） obviously （ A） this （ B） that （ C） nothing （ D） anything （ A） rare （ B） strange （ C） cardiovascular （ D） multiple （ A） who （ B） whom （ C） what （ D） which （ A） ventures （ B） findings （ C） examples （ D） decisions （ A） trained （ B） raised （

38、 C） adopted （ D） breastfed （ A） fond （ B） aware （ C） regardless （ D） because （ A） smaller （ B） greater （ C） faster （ D） harder （ A） true （ B） right （ C） proper （ D） same （ A） later （ B） after （ C） more （ D） ago 2008年职称英语（卫生类） B级真题试卷答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词

39、汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 dull这个形容词是 “乏味、没劲 ”的意思，和 boring同义。 2 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 brief是 “简单的、简短的 ”的意思。 a brief visit是 “一次短暂的访问 ”，也就是 a short visit的意思。 A working visit是 “一次工作访问 ”。 formal“正式的 ”， secret“秘密的 ”。 3 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 give up这个动词短语是 “放弃 ”的意思， drop一般解释为 “扔、丢(东西 )”的意思，如： He dropped his

40、mobile phone in a hurry.匆忙中，他的手机掉地上了。但也可以转意为 “放弃 (想法、计划等 )”，如： For lack of fund they had to drop the project.由于资金不足，他们不得不放弃该项目。 4 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 consume是 “消费 ”的意思， “吃、喝 ”都是消费的方式，但由于宾语是 a pound of cheese“一磅奶酪 ”，所以只能用 eats来代替 consumes。 5 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 fascinating这个形容词的意思是 “十分有趣、很精彩的 ”，如： The young

41、pianists performance was simply fascinating那位年轻钢琴家的演出十分精彩。在四个选项中只有 interesting可以在这个句子中代替 fascinating。 6 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 gorgeous这个形容词常用于表示赞美、赞叹，又如： We had a gorgeous meal in that old restaurant.(我们在那家老饭馆里美餐了一顿 )。在四个选项中唯有 lovely和它的意思相近。 7 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 diverse这个形容词的意思是 “多样的、有变化的 ”，又如： The kids had

42、diverse activities in the summer camp.(孩子们在夏令营里的活动多种多样 )。varied是从动词 vary派生出来的一个形容词，解释为 “有变化的、多样的 ”，和diverse同义。 generous慷慨的， humorous幽默的， romantic浪漫的。 8 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 动词 prolong的意思是 “延长、使 更长 ”。 extend有这个意思，如： The term of office will be extended from three years to four.(任期将从三年延长为四年 )。 broaden是 “使变宽

43、 ”的意思， worsen变得更坏， accelerate加速。 9 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 unwilling是 willing的反义词，即 “不愿意 ”。 reluctant是 “勉强 ”的意思，如： He seems to be quite reluctant to accept our invitation.(他接受我们的邀请显得很勉强 )。 indecisive是 “非决定性的、优柔寡断的 ”的意思， ready则是 “准备好、欣 然 ”的意思。 10 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 slender是指人的身材苗条，四个选项中只有 slim和它同义。 pale是 “苍白 ”的

44、意思。 11 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 immense表示 “巨大的、极大的 ”，常用于形容时间、金钱、工作量、精力等等。 completing that project calls for an immense amount of time and fund.(完成那个项目需要大量的时间和资金的投入 )。在四个选项中只有 enormous具有 “大 ”的意思。 extensive派生自动词 extend，是 “广泛、宽广 ”的意思。 12 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 accumulate是 “积累 ”的意思。句子的意思是：科学家们开始积累资料。和它意义相近的是 collect。 h

45、andle处理， analyze分析， investigate调查。 13 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 动词 overtake是 “赶上并超过 ”的意思，所以可以用 pass来代替它。 reach是 “到达 (某地 )”的意思， hit撞上去， lead带领、引领。 14 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 advisable是 “可取的、合适的 ”的意思，所以和 wise“明智的 ”同义。句子的意思是：有时事先预订好旅馆是可取的。又如： The weather is so changeable that it is advisable to take an umbrella with you

46、 whenever you go out.(天气多变，出门带上雨伞不亏为明智之举 )。 profitable是 “有益的、有利润的 ”。 15 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 puzzle这个名词的意思是 “令人困 惑的事情或问题、不解之谜 ”。四个选项中只有 mystery和它同义。又如： It is still a puzzle/mystery how the ancient Egyptians built the pyramids (古埃及人究竟怎样建造金字塔至今还是个没有解开的迷 )。 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短

47、文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 从短文的题目可以知道，许多妇女对癌症存有错误的认识。此外，短文的第三段说到， “调查结果显示，妇女对癌症的认识存在令人担忧的欠缺 ”，故本题是 “正确 ”的。 17 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 没有癌症家族史的人不大可能患癌症，这只是许多美国妇女错误的认识。短文的第二段说道， “事实上，许多患癌症的人都没有癌症家族史 ”，故本题是 “错误 ”的。 18 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 短文通篇并未提到是否有更

48、多的妇女死于癌症这一问题。 19 【 正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 短文的第五段说， “百分之七十六的受调查妇女的确说她们知道如何能降低患癌症的风险， ”可见本题是 “错误 ”的。 20 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 短文的第六段说到， “有百分之十七的妇女说，即使改变生活方式能降低患癌症的风险，他们也不愿意做出改变， ”故本题是 “正确的 ”的。 21 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 短文倒数第二段说， “许多妇女都说由于害怕查出癌症而不敢去做检查 ”，可见本题是 “正确 ”的。 22 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 短文通篇并 未提到 ACOG的努力是否会备受赞赏。 三、 概括大意与完成

49、句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 短文的第一段主要是对 depression一词从临床的角度进行了定义，称其为一种生理学上的大脑疾病，会影响人的思想、感情、行为以及身体健康。 24 【正确答案】 A 【 试题解析】 短文的第二段主要讲老年人患各种形式的 depression的比例。 25 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 短文的第三段主要讲的是：人们或出于无知，或出于羞耻感，或出于经济原因等而对 depression不予以治疗。 26 【正确答案】 F 【试题解析】 短文的第四段主要讲的是： depression若不能得到及时的治疗，会造成自杀或者是非自杀性死亡的后果。 27 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 第一段的头两句讲到， depression不同于一般的悲痛。 28 【正确答 案】 D 【试题解析】 第二段的