[外语类试卷]2006年复旦大学考博英语真题试卷及答案与解析.doc

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1、2006年复旦大学考博英语真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 Official figures show that unemployment _ in November and then fell slowly over the next two months. （ A） plodded （ B） peeped （ C） plunged （ D） peaked 2 The old lady was immediately sent to a nearby hospital when she _ from heat stroke. （ A） pass

2、ed away （ B） passed off （ C） passed out （ D） passed by 3 Her spirits _ at the thought of all the work she had to do that morning. （ A） sagged （ B） passed off （ C） saddled （ D） scored 4 Jack would rather his younger sister _ in the same hospital as he does. （ A） worked （ B） works （ C） to work （ D） wo

3、rk 5 Jane was badly taken in when she paid $300 for that second-hand bicycle; it was not worth （ A） that all much （ B） all that much （ C） much all that （ D） that much all 6 A patient crowd had _ around the entrance to the theatre, hoping to catch a glimpse of the stars of the show. （ A） contracted （

4、 B） consulted （ C） contemplated （ D） congregated 7 UN diplomats are suspicious that the countrys _ weapons programme may be broader than reported. （ A） frail （ B） clandestine （ C） temperate （ D） fake 8 Fortunately the acting and photography are so good that they somehow manage to _ the limitations o

5、f the film plot. （ A） trace （ B） transcend （ C） tranquilize （ D） trail 9 When the report was published, various environmental groups criticized it for being too _. （ A） alert （ B） zealous （ C） meek （ D） gregarious 10 Her friends helped her _ after her sister was killed in a car crash. （ A） pull off

6、（ B） pull out （ C） pull through （ D） pull on 11 Nells father said to him that he was _ dog to learn new tricks. （ A） so old a （ B） a too old （ C） too old a （ D） a so old 12 The skipper was not willing to risk _ his ship through the straits until he could see where he was going. （ A） taking （ B） to t

7、ake （ C） having taken （ D） being taken 13 We were running out of money and things were looking _. （ A） grim （ B） glossy （ C） gorgeous （ D） gracious 14 If law and outer _ not maintained, neither the citizens nor their properties are safe. （ A） were （ B） are （ C） is （ D） was 15 He saw writers and arti

8、sts as being important to the state for they could _ credibility on the regime. （ A） bestow （ B） embrace （ C） disperse （ D） undertake 16 When import taxes on goods arc high, there is a greater chance that they will be _. （ A） bartered （ B） counterfeited （ C） manufactured （ D） smuggled 17 Theres been

9、 so little rain, the forest is _ to go up in flames at any moment. （ A） precarious （ B） feeble （ C） convenient （ D） liable 18 The schools development committee has deliberated the question _ great length. （ A） on （ B） along （ C） at （ D） for 19 On a Summer evening it is _ to hear the joyful sound of

10、the shepherds flute floating across the valley. （ A） treacherous （ B） enchanting （ C） rash （ D） furtive 20 Lets _ the arrangements with the others before we make a decision. （ A） talk over （ B） talk into （ C） talk down （ D） talk round 21 Hell have to _ the music when his parents find out hes been mi

11、ssing school. （ A） listen to （ B） compose （ C） face （ D） play 22 Her eyes were shining brightly and her face was suffuse _ color. （ A） with （ B） in （ C） by （ D） of 23 In my opinion Elizabeth and Henry are not _ friends as lovers. （ A） too much （ B） as much （ C） very much （ D） so much 24 Yesterday my

12、 brother _ with his girlfriend over where to go on holiday. （ A） fell off （ B） fell out （ C） fell away （ D） fell apart 25 The writer _ the newspaper readers against buying shares without getting good advice first. （ A） spurred （ B） menaced （ C） cautioned （ D） induced 26 Some of his colleagues say he

13、s loud and _ and that everyone hates him. （ A） obnoxious （ B） straightforward （ C） considerate （ D） genial 27 She claims that the pressure on public hospitals could be _ by combining medical resources in the public and private sectors. （ A） relieved （ B） replaced （ C） retrieved （ D） resurrected 28 P

14、lease _ it that the door is locked before you leave. （ A） see through （ B） see to （ C） see into （ D） see after 29 I will _ you personally responsible if anything goes wrong in this project. （ A） get （ B） hold （ C） let （ D） have 30 The burglars _ the house but found nothing valuable. （ A） ransacked （

15、 B） besieged （ C） mortgaged （ D） renovated 二、 Reading Comprehension 30 Nowadays, with plentiful ice and electric churning, few people recall the shared excitement of the era when making ice cream was a rarely scheduled event. Then the iceman brought to the back door, on special order, a handsome 2-f

16、oot-square cube of cold crystal and everyone in the family took a turn at the crank. The critical question among us children was, of course, who might lick the dasher. A century or so ago the novelist Stendhal knew only hand-churned ice cream and, when be first tasted it, ex-claimed, “What a pity th

17、is isnt a sin!“ Hand-churning is still tops for perfectionists for no power-driven machine has yet been invented that can achieve a comparable texture. Even French Pot, the very best commercial method for making ice cream, calls for finishing by hand. Ice creams are based on carefully cooked well-ch

18、illed syrups and heavy custards, added to unwhipped cream. No form of vanilla flavoring can surpass that of vanilla suger or of the bean itself, steeped in a hot syrup. If sweetened frozen fruits are incorporated into the cream mixture instead of fresh fruits, be sure to adjust sugar content accordi

19、ngly. Make up mixtures for chum-frozen ice creams the day before you freeze, to increasingly fill the container only 3/4 full to permit expansion. To pack the freezer, allow 3 to 6 quarts of chipped or cracked ice to I cup of coarse rock sail. Pack about 1/3 of the freezer with ice and add layers of

20、 salt and ice around the container until the freezer is full. Allow the pack to stand about 3 minutes before you start turning. Turn slowly at first, about 40 revolutions a minute, until a slight pull is felt. Them triple speed for 5 to 6 minutes. If any additions, such as finely cut candied or fres

21、h fruits or nuts are to be made, do so at this point. Then repack and taper off the churning to a- bout 80 revolutions a minute for a few minutes more. The cream should be ready in 10 to 20 minutes, depending on the quality. If the ice cream or ice is to be used at once, it should be frozen harder t

22、hen if you plan to serve it later. Should the interval be 2 hours or more, packing will firm it. To pack, pour off the salt water in the freezer and wipe off the lid. Remove the dasher carefully, making sure that no salt or water gets into the cream container Scrape the cream down from the sides of

23、the container. Place a cork in the lid and replace the lid. Repack the container in the freezer with additional ice and salt, using the same proporions as before. Cover the freezer with newspapers, a piece of carpet or other heavy material. The cream should be smooth when served, If it proves granul

24、ar, you used too much salt in the packing mixture, overfilled the inner, container with the ice cream mixture or turned too rapidly. If you are making a large quantity with the idea of storing some in the deep-freeze, package in sizes you plan on serving: Should ice cream be allowed to melt even sli

25、ghtly and is then refrozen, it loses in volume and even more in good texture. 31 In the first paragraph, “took a turn at the crank“ could be paraphrased _. （ A） helped to mix the ice cream （ B） ate some ice cream （ C） helped break up the ice with a hammer （ D） protected the ice cream from children 3

26、2 According to the writer truly perfect ice cream _. （ A） is now common and inexpensive at most stores （ B） is only possible with hand labor （ C） should be melted and then refrozen （ D） needs to be a sin 33 When ice cream is being hand-churned it is surrounded by a mixture of _. （ A） syrup and cream

27、 （ B） syrup and ice （ C） salt and ice （ D） fresh fruit and ice 34 In Paragraph Four, “taper off“ means _. （ A） cut up （ B） stop （ C） speed up （ D） slow down 35 This passage reflects an era when _. （ A） people liked a little salt in their ice cream （ B） making ice cream was an occasional form of fami

28、ly entertainment （ C） ice cream was not popular （ D） people did not know now to make cheese with their cream 35 Food and drink play a major role in Christmas celebrations in most countries, but in few more so than in Mexico. Many families over the festive season will do little more than cook and ing

29、est a seemingly constant cycle of tortillas, fried beans, meat both roasted and stewed, and sticky desserts for days on end. Thus does the extended family keep on extending-further and further over their collective waistlines. Lucky them, .you might think. Except that Mexicos bad eating habits are l

30、eading to a health crisis that most Mexicans seem blissfully unaware of. Obesity and its related disorder, diabetes, are now major health concerns in a country where large rural regions are still concerned more with under nourishment than with over-nourishment. In its perennial rivalry with the Unit

31、ed States, Mexico has at last found an area in which it can match its northern neighbor-mouthful for mouthful. The statistics are impressive, and alarming. According to the OECD, Mexico is now the second fattest nation in that group of 30 countries. A health poll in 1999 found that 35% of women were

32、 overweight, and another 24% technically obese, Juan Rivera, an official at the National Institute of Public Health, says that the combined figure for men would be about 55%, and that a similar poll to be carried out next year will show the fat quotient rising. Only the United States, with combined

33、figures of over 60%, is head. That situation also varies geographically. Although Mexicans populate the north of their country more sparsely that the south, they make up for it weight-wise. A Study published by the Pan-American Health Organization a month ago showed that in the mostly Hispanic popul

34、ation that lives on either side of the American-Mexican border, fully 74% of men and 70% of women are either overweight or obese. Moreover, even experts have been surprised by how rapidly the nation has swollen. Whereas the 1999 poll showed 59% of women overweight or obese, only 11 years previously

35、that figure was just 33%. Nowhere is the transformation more noticeable then in the prevalence of diabetes, closely linked to over-eating and obesity. In 1968, says Joel, Rodriguez of the Mexican Diabetes Federation, the disease was in 35th place as a direct cause of mortality in Mexico, but now it

36、occupies first place, above both cancer and heart disease. With about 6. 5m diabetics out of a population of 10Om, Mexico now has a higher rate than any other large country in the world. Not surprisingly. Mr. Rodriguez argues that Mexico is in the grip of an “epidemic“. Nor does it tax the brain muc

37、h to work out that the causes of these explosions in obesity and diabetes are the Mexican diet and a lack of exercise. For most Mexicans, food consumption, not just at Christmas but all year round, is an unvarying combination of refried beans tortillas, meat and refrescos, or fizzy drinks; they cons

38、ume 101 litres of cola drinks per person per year, just a little less than Americans and three times as much as Brazilians. Meanwhile, the lack of exercise, Mr. Rivera argues, is a symptom of rapid urbanization over the past 30 years. Obesity and diabetes rates remain slightly lower in rural areas,

39、indicating that manual labor endures as an effective way to stave off weight gain. In Mexico City, though, pollution and crime have progressively driven people out of the parks and the streets, so most now walk as little as possible-preferably no further than from the valet-parking service to the re

40、staurant. To combat the fat, health professionals say that the country must first realize that it is indeed in the grip of an epidemic. Other diseases, such as AIDS and cancer, have captured most of the publicity in recent years; obesity and diabetes have been comparatively neglected. But these arc

41、also, as in other developing countries, mainly problems of the urban poor. It is a symptom of their growing prosperity that these parts of the population have, probably for the first time, almost unlimited access to the greatest amount of calories for the smallest amount of money, But with little kn

42、owledge of nutritional values, their diets are now unbalanced and unhealthy. Low-carb products and other dietary imports from the United States have already made an appearance on the posher Mexican supermarket shelves. They may go into be shopping baskets of the rake-thin and utterly unrepresentativ

43、e models who dominate the countrys advertising hoardings. But they are still comparatively expensive. For the heaving mass of the population, things may have to get worse before the government, doctors and consumers realize that things have got to start getting better. 36 The phrase “on end“ in the

44、first paragraph can be replaced by _. （ A） until all been consumed （ B） upright （ C） continuously （ D） until the last day 37 Which of the following sentences is TRUE according to the passage? （ A） Mexicans are eating a lot because of the countrys affluence. （ B） Mexicans can match Americans in the n

45、ourishment of their diet. （ C） Mexicans only overeat during festive seasons. （ D） Mexico is now the second fattest nation in this world. 38 Judging by the context, the word “perennial“ in the second paragraph most probably means （ A） perpetual （ B） recurring （ C） transient （ D） perilous 39 Which is

46、the most significant cause of mortality in Mexico? （ A） Cancer. （ B） Heart disease. （ C） Diabetes. （ D） Epidemic. 40 It is known from the passage that from 1988 to 1999 the figure of women overweight of obese in Mexico rose by _. （ A） 30% （ B） 26% （ C） 35% （ D） 55% 40 When you are small, all ambitio

47、ns fall into one grand category: when Im grown up. When Im grown up, you say, Ill go up in space. Im going to be an author. Ill kill them all and then theyll be sorry. Ill be married in a cathedral with sixteen brides- maids in pink lace. Ill have a puppy of my own and no one will be able to take hi

48、m away. None of it ever happens, of course, of dam little but the fantasies give you the idea that there is something to grow up for. Indeed one of the saddest things about gild-ed adolescence is the feeling that from eighteen on, its all downhill; I read with horror of an American hippie wedding wh

49、ere someone said to the groom (age twenty) you seem so kinda grown up somehow, and the lad had to go around seeking reassurance that he wasnt, no, early he wasnt. A determination to be better adults than the present incumbents is fine, but to refuse to grow up at all is just plain unrealism. Right, so then you get some of what you want, or something like it or something that will do