[外语类试卷]2006年中国政法大学考博英语真题试卷及答案与解析.doc

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1、2006年中国政法大学考博英语真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 Maxwell, 36, a former Mirror Group executive, was also in court this month, charged with conspiracy to defraud. （ A） discarding （ B） maiming （ C） cheating （ D） repealing 2 In 1929 Parliament decreed that all women should have the right to vote.

2、 （ A） predicted （ B） ordered （ C） decided （ D） resolved 3 The signals you put across at the job interview can flag your future ambitions. （ A） decline （ B） prolong （ C） frown （ D） linger 4 He worked as a man obsessed, oblivious to family and friends, shunning holidays, forgetting anniversaries. （ A）

3、 nervous about （ B） furious about （ C） irritated by （ D） unaware of 5 Once you become famous your private life comes under public scrutiny. （ A） pressure （ B） counterattack （ C） examination （ D） revision 6 Trade will reduce welfare when transport costs are sufficiently close to prohibitive and incre

4、ase it when they are .sufficiently low. （ A） momentary （ B） forbidden （ C） strange （ D） tolerable 7 Does his confession obligate his wife to be reconciled to him? （ A） require （ B） determine （ C） force （ D） encourage 8 The burglar was arrested, but the person who helped him in the crime got away. （

5、A） his associate （ B） his affiliate （ C） his accomplice （ D） his employer 9 Dr. Thompson gave an exposition of the theory and practice of socialism. （ A） accounted for （ B） expounded （ C） looked into （ D） covered up 10 All their efforts to solve the problem proved futile. （ A） useless （ B） undesirab

6、le （ C） unnecessary （ D） worthless 11 Eve had to pay $ 5.00 because she wrote a bad check. She_her money before she wrote a check. （ A） must have deposited （ B） might have deposited （ C） can have deposited （ D） should have deposited 12 Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication i

7、n that the advertiser pays for the message _. （ A） having been delivered （ B） to be delivered （ C） being delivered （ D） to deliver 13 Its true that the suggestion they made will save a large amount of money. We wont adopt it _, because it will probably lead to disastrous consequences. （ A） somehow （

8、 B） otherwise （ C） therefore （ D） though 14 The expression“ not worth his salt“ is still used today in English to refer to a person_to be incapable of doing a job. （ A） felt （ B） to feel （ C） feeling （ D） to be felt 15 Despite his disappointing record this year, I_the less feel that he is the best m

9、an we have in the department （ A） never （ B） no （ C） none （ D） nor 16 When bird watchers find a nest, they are very careful not to disturb it lest the mother bird_ frightened and desert it （ A） should be （ B） will be （ C） may be （ D） could be 17 In the future industrialized society .computer knowled

10、ge will become_requirement as the ability to read and write. （ A） so basic a （ B） so a basic （ C） as basic a （ D） as a basic 18 Todays consumers buy, enjoy, use and discard more types of goods_could possibly have been imagined even a few years ago. （ A） that （ B） than （ C） but （ D） as 19 In spite of

11、 the fact that Jim violated these regulations, it does not justify_him in that way now. （ A） you to treat （ B） you have treated （ C） you are treating （ D） your treating 20 My approach is not to learn everything about something, but_something about everything. （ A） rather to learn （ B） to learn rathe

12、r （ C） to rather learn （ D） rather learning 二、 Cloze 20 There is a story of a very wicked man who dies. Before he died, he was【 C1】_the worst because there were【 C2】 _sins he had not committed. But when he woke up in the next【 C3】 _he found that conditions were not as bad【 C4】_he had feared. In fact

13、 they were quite good. He had an extremely luxurious room【 C5】 _himself. The room was air-conditioned 【 C6】 _a trace of the excessive heat he had feared, He【 C7】 _food and a smiling waitress immediately【 C8】 _with a delicious banquet He felt【 C9】 _drinking and a large choice of wines was in front of

14、 him【 C10】 _. A couple of weeks of this pleasant life went by and the man began to get【 C11】_restless. It was all very nice【 C12】 _he had been an active man in the other life and he felt he【 C13】 _like to do something. He lifted the housephone and a(n) 【 C14】 _voice came on the line: “Yes, sir, what

15、 can we do for you? No【 C15】 _with room service, I hope?“ “Oh, certainly not! The service here is excellent, quite【 C16】 _my expectations. It is just that I would like to be given an opportunity to do something. “ “Im sorry, sir, “came the【 C17】 _reply, “thats the one thing management cant【 C18】 _he

16、re. “ The man began to get annoyed and he said, “In that ease I might【 C19】 _in Hell!“ “Why, sir. “came the surprised voice, “【 C20】 _did you think you were?“ 21 【 C1】 （ A） trying （ B） preparing （ C） fearing （ D） getting 22 【 C2】 （ A） few （ B） a few （ C） some （ D） many 23 【 C3】 （ A） day （ B） life （

17、C） room （ D） way 24 【 C4】 （ A） when （ B） just （ C） like （ D） as 25 【 C5】 （ A） on （ B） to （ C） of （ D） with 26 【 C6】 （ A） not （ B） having （ C） by （ D） with 27 【 C7】 （ A） fond of （ B） fell on （ C） called for （ D） attended to 28 【 C8】 （ A） stepped （ B） went （ C） dealt （ D） appeared 29 【 C9】 （ A） like （

18、 B） for （ C） happy （ D） out of 30 【 C10】 （ A） in places （ B） in an instant （ C） around the clock （ D） from the view 31 【 C11】 （ A） a lot （ B） some （ C） much （ D） a little 32 【 C12】 （ A） but （ B） still （ C） and （ D） whenever 33 【 C13】 （ A） ought to （ B） would （ C） could （ D） had to 34 【 C14】 （ A） ter

19、rible （ B） broken （ C） emotional （ D） prompt 35 【 C15】 （ A） opinions （ B） good （ C） complaints （ D） choice 36 【 C16】 （ A） in （ B） beyond （ C） outside （ D） with 37 【 C17】 （ A） vague （ B） expected （ C） affirmative （ D） regretful 38 【 C18】 （ A） allow （ B） allocate （ C） affect （ D） avoid 39 【 C19】 （ A）

20、be very well （ B） be well to be （ C） as well be （ D） as well as 40 【 C20】 （ A） what （ B） how （ C） which （ D） where 三、 Reading Comprehension 40 At a trial the selection of the jury is made subject to the direction of the presiding judge. The names of the prospective jurors are drawn by lot by the cle

21、rk of the court Both the defense and the prosecution may examine the jurors to ascertain whether cause for challenge in any particular case exists that is, whether circumstances exist that might improperly influence a jurors decisions, such as bias or self-interest The parties to the action or their

22、 attorneys may then exercise their right to eliminate undesirable members from the jury by means of challenge. After a satisfactory jury has been drawn, the jury is formed, and the trial proceeds, in general, during the progress of a trial, all questions of law are determined by the court and questi

23、ons of fact by the jury. The limits of the inquiry as to facts are determined by the pleadings and the rules of evidence. Whether evidence is properly admissible or not is a question for the court, but the weight and credibility of the evidence admitted are determined by the jury. The court, however

24、, may decide a question of fact without sending the question to the jury if no conflict of evidence exists on the point The court may also interpret written instruments received in evidence without aid of the jury. After all the evidence has been presented, the two counsels, first for the defendant

25、and then for the plaintiff or prosecution, “sum up“ , that is, each addresses the jury, reviewing the evidence in the case and commenting on it in a manner favorable to that counsels side of the case. The judge then makes a charge to the jury. The charge is a statement of the rules of law applicable

26、 to the evidence in that particular case. It is given in order to aid the jury in giving a correct verdict The jury then retires from the courtroom to begin deliber-ations. These deliberations continue until an agreement as to the verdict is reached, or until the presiding judge deems that the jury

27、cannot reach an agreement The latter case is known as a hung jury. In the event that no agreement is reached, a new trial may be called All members of a jury must agree on a verdict, which in a civil trial may be“for the plaintiff“or“for the defendant, “and in a criminal trial“guilty“or“not guilty“.

28、 (In some states, however, the verdict in a civil trial need not be unanimous.) In a civil trial the jury is then empowered to set the amount of any damages. The verdict of a jury is decisive and cannot be disturbed unless it is contrary to law or against the weight of evidence. In such a case the v

29、erdict may be set aside, either by the presiding judge or later on appeal. 41 The selection of Jurors may not be determined by_. （ A） the judge （ B） the lawyers of both parties （ C） the jury （ D） the defense and the prosecution 42 The_has the right to determine whether the evidence is believable or

30、not （ A） judge （ B） jury （ C） court （ D） attorney 43 “ Plaintiff“ in paragraph 3 refers to_. （ A） the prosecution side （ B） the defendant （ C） the defense side （ D） the lawyer 44 If the jury determines that the accused person has murdered a person.it will report to the judge that the verdict is_. （

31、A） for the plaintiff （ B） for the defendant （ C） guilty （ D） not guilty 44 The most important of these scholars was Confucius, a minor aristocrat and official of the state of Lu.in the present Shandong Province, who spent most of his life in the late 500s and early 400s BC as an itinerant scholar te

32、acher and adviser to the rulers of various states. To reestablish order and prosperity, he advocated a restoration of the imperial government, social and family organizations, and the rules of propriety prescribed in the classical literature of the early Zhou dynasty. The most important element in h

33、is system, however, was the individual. Confucius taught that each human being must cultivate such personal virtues as honesty, love, and filial piety through study of the models provided in the ancient literature. This would bring harmony to the graded hierarchy of family, society, and state. The m

34、ost important individuals were the ruler and his advisers, because their standards of virtuous conduct would set an example for the realm. Confucius did not speak directly on such basic issues of his day as the nature of human beings;the fights of the people against tyrannical rulers, and the influe

35、nce of the supernatural in human affairs. Two of his 4th and 3rd century BC disciples, Mencius and Xunzi.did much to clarify these issues. Mencius asserted that human nature was basically good and that it could be developed not only by study, as Confucius had taught, but also by a process of inner s

36、elf-cultivation. Like Confucius, Mencius accepted the hierarchically ordered feudal society in which he lived, but he placed far greater stress on the responsibilities of the ruler for the welfare of the people. If the people rose up and overthrew a tyrant.it was proof that Heaven had withdrawn its

37、mandate. In the name of Heaven Mencius claimed for the Chinese people the right of rebellion. Xunzi took an exactly opposite view of human nature;he asserted that rebellion was fundamentally evil. Xunzi, however, was sufficiently optimistic to believe in peoples unlimited capacity for improvement He

38、 taught that through education, the study of the classics, and the rules of propriety, virtue could be acquired and order could be reestablished in society. 45 According to Confucian doctrine a person should have all the following virtues except _. （ A） integrity （ B） love （ C） filial piety （ D） hie

39、rarchy 46 _emphasized the responsibility of rulers to their subjects more than any other philosopher. （ A） Confucius （ B） Mencius （ C） Xunzi （ D） Laozi 47 Mencius and Xunzi have_about rebellion of citizens. （ A） the same view （ B） similar views （ C） different views （ D） negative views 48 In the last

40、 sentence of the last paragraph there is a phrase, “ rules of propriety“, which means_. （ A） property rules （ B） property regulations （ C） rules of convention （ D） convention of conduct 48 Some people draw sharp distinctions between civil liberties and civil rights. These people distinguish between

41、freedom from certain actions and freedom to be, treated in certain ways. They regard civil liberties as guarantees that a person will enjoy freedom from government interference. They think of civil rights as guarantees that all people will have the freedom to be treated equally. For example, civil l

42、iberties would include freedom from government interference with a persons right to free speech. Civil fights would include everyones freedom to receive equal protection of the law. In this article, the term civil rights refers to both civil liberties and civil rights. All civil rights have limits,

43、even in democratic countries. For example, a person may be denied freedom of speech in a democracy if it can be shown that his or her speech might lead to the overthrow of the government A person may not use civil rights to justify actions that might seriously harm the health, welfare, safety, or mo

44、rals of others. A person may be denied a civil right if that right is used to violate other peoples rights. Freedom of expression, for example, does not permit a person to tell lies that ruin another persons reputation. Property owners have the right to do what they choose with their property. Howev

45、er, this right may not allow a person legally to refuse to sell property to a person of a certain race or religion. This is because the property owner would be denying the other person equal freedom of choice. The specific limits of civil rights vary with the times. In time of war, a government may

46、restrict personal freedoms to safeguard the country. Changing social and economic conditions also cause changes in the importance that people give certain rights. During the late 1800s, most people in the United States valued property rights more than personal freedoms. But since the late 1930s, mos

47、t Americans have shown greater concern for personal freedoms and equality of opportunity. 49 In this passage, the author mainly discusses_. （ A） that civil liberties and civil rights are the same （ B） that there are limits in civil rights （ C） what are civil rights （ D） what are civil liberties 50 T

48、he authors opinion is_that of those who draw distinctions between civil liberties and civil rights. （ A） different from （ B） the same with （ C） as precise as （ D） more precise than 51 Why is it not allowed if a person refuses to sell his property to a black man? （ A） Because he is not the owner of t

49、he property. （ B） Because he has no right to deny another persons equal freedom of choice. （ C） Because the black man is the real owner of the property. （ D） Because it is not permitted by the black man. 52 It can be inferred from the passage that now most Americans concern about_. （ A） their freedom to safeguard the country （ B） the property rights （ C） their person