[外语类试卷]2005年清华大学考博英语真题试卷(精选)及答案与解析.doc
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1、2005年清华大学考博英语真题试卷(精选)及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 Ploughs and other agricultural implements were on display at the recent exhibition. ( A) equations ( B) playthings ( C) tools ( D) machinery 2 My own inclination, if I were in your situation, would be to look for another position. ( A) sympto
2、m ( B) likeness ( C) habit ( D) tendency 3 The combination of lenses in a compound microscope makes possible greater amplification than can be achieved with a single lens. ( A) management ( B) magnificence ( C) magnetism ( D) magnification 4 The degree of downward slope of a beach depends on its com
3、position of deposits as well as on the action of waves across its surface. ( A) sentiment ( B) sediment ( C) semester ( D) segment 5 The rigor of the winter in Russia was often described by Mogol. ( A) harshness ( B) perturbation ( C) dismay ( D) pessimism 6 Nowadays, the prescribed roles of the man
4、 as “breadwinner“ and the woman as housewife are changing. ( A) ascribed ( B) prevalent ( C) original ( D) settled 7 A divorcee, Tom is the sole provider in a typical “single parent“ family. ( A) religious ( B) spiritual ( C) exclusive ( D) chief 8 The old woman is chronically ill in bed and seldom
5、goes out. ( A) seriously ( B) dangerously ( C) continually ( D) incurably 9 The driver stopped his car so abruptly that he was hit by the cab behind him. ( A) impolitely ( B) violently ( C) suddenly ( D) maladroitly 10 Benin Mayer Alcott based the principal characters of her book Little Women on her
6、 sisters and herself. ( A) original ( B) central ( C) subjunctive ( D) oriental 11 Largely due to the university tradition and the current academic milieu, every college student here works _. ( A) industrially ( B) industriously ( C) consciously ( D) purposefully 12 I dont think its sensible of you
7、to _ your greater knowledge in front of the chairwoman, for it may well offend her. ( A) show up ( B) show off ( C) show out ( D) show away 13 _, he did become annoyed with her at times. ( A) Much as he liked her ( B) As he liked her much ( C) Although much he liked her ( D) Much although he liked h
8、er 14 If we dont stop flirting with those deathly nuclear weapons, the Whole globe will be _. ( A) empowered ( B) punished ( C) polluted ( D) annihilated 15 One of the important properties of a scientific theory is its ability to _ further research and further thinking about a particular topic. ( A)
9、 invent ( B) stimulate ( C) renovate ( D) advocate 16 When in his rebellious years, that is when he was sixteen or eighteen, Frank Anderson _ going around with a strange set of people and staying out very late. ( A) took to ( B) took up ( C) took on ( D) took in 17 In spite of the wide range of read
10、ing material specially designed or _ for language learning purposes, there is yet no effective and systematic program for the reading skills. ( A) appointed ( B) assembled ( C) acknowledged ( D) adapted 18 In 1816, an apparently insignificant event in a remote part of Northern Europe _ Europe into a
11、 bloody War. ( A) imposed ( B) plunged ( C) pitched ( D) inserted 19 The municipal planning commission said that their financial outlook for the next year was optimistic. They expect increased tax _. ( A) privileges ( B) efficiency ( C) revenues ( D) validity 20 The problem of pollution as well as s
12、everal other issues is going to be discussed when the Congress is in _ again next spring. ( A) convention ( B) conference ( C) session ( D) assembly 二、 Reading Comprehension 20 On September 7, 2001, a 68-year-old woman in Strasbourg, France, had her gall bladder (胆囊 ) removed by surgeons operating,
13、via computer from New York. It was the first complete telesurgery procedure performed by surgeons nearly 4, 000 miles away from their patient. In New York, Marescaux teamed up with surgeon Michel Gagner to perform the historic long-distance operation. A high-speed fiber-optic service provided by Fra
14、nce Telecom made the connection between New York and Strasbourg. The two surgeons controlled the instruments using an advanced robotic surgical system, designed by Computer Motion Inc that enabled the procedure to be minimally invasive. The patient was released from the hospital after about 48 hours
15、 and regained normal activity the following week. The high-speed fiber-optic connection between New York and France made it possible to overcome a key obstacle to telesurgery time delay. It was crucial that a continuous time delay of less than 200 milliseconds be maintained throughout the operation,
16、 between the surgeons movements in New York and the return video (from Strasbourg) on his screen. The delay problem includes video coding, decoding and signal transmission time. France Telecoms engineers achieved an average time delay of 150 milliseconds. “I felt as comfortable operating on my patie
17、nt as if I had been in the room,“ says Marescaux. The successful collaboration (合作 ) among medicine, advanced technology, and telecomm unications is likely to have enormous implications for patient care and doctor training. Highly-skilled surgeons may soon regularly perform especially difficult oper
18、ations through long-distance procedures. The computer systems used to control surgical movement can also lead to a breakthrough in teaching surgical techniques to a new generation of physicians. More surgeons-in-training will have the opportunity to observe their teachers in action in telesurgery op
19、erating rooms around the world. Marescaux describes the success of the remotely performed surgical procedure as the beginning of a “third revolution“ in surgery within the last decade. The first was the arrival of minimally invasive surgery, enabling procedures to be performed with guidance by a cam
20、era, meaning that the abdomen (腹部 ) and thorax (胸腔 ) do not have to be opened. The second was the introduction of computer-assisted surgery, where complicated software algorithms (计算法 ) enhance the safety of the surgeons movements during a procedure, making them more accurate, while introducing the
21、concept of distance between the surgeon and the patient. It was thus natural to imagine that this distance-currently several meters in the operating room-could potentially be up to several thousand kilometers. 21 The title that best expresses the main idea is _. ( A) How the Second Revolution in Sur
22、gery Comes Out ( B) The Telesurgery Revolution ( C) A Patient Was Saved ( D) Dream Comes True 22 The italicized word “telesurgery“ (Line 3, Para. 1) can be best explained as _. ( A) an operation done over a distance ( B) an operation done on television ( C) an operation demanding special skill ( D)
23、an operation demanding high technology 23 How long did it take the patient to resume her normal activity after the operation? ( A) 24 hours. ( B) 48 hours. ( C) About a week. ( D) Almost a month. 24 What is the major barrier to telesurgery? ( A) Distance. ( B) Advanced technology. ( C) Delay. ( D) M
24、edical facilities. 25 The writer implies that _. ( A) difficult operations can be successfully performed all over the world now ( B) compared to the “third revolution“ in surgery, the first two are less important ( C) all patients can be cured by a gall bladder-removal operation ( D) a new breakthro
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- 外语类 试卷 2005 清华大学 英语 精选 答案 解析 DOC
