ASTM C1697-2016 Standard Specification for Blended Supplementary Cementitious Materials《混合补充胶凝材料的标准规格》.pdf

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1、Designation: C1697 16Standard Specification forBlended Supplementary Cementitious Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1697; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A num

2、ber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers blended supplementary ce-mentitious materials that result from the blending or intergrind-ing of two or three AS

3、TM compliant supplementary cementi-tious materials, for use in concrete or mortar where hydraulicor pozzolanic action, or both, is desired. The supplementarycementitious materials include slag cement conforming toSpecification C989/C989M, natural pozzolans and coal fly ashconforming to Specification

4、 C618 and silica fume conformingto Specification C1240.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.NOTE 1The incorporation of supplementary cementitious materials asseparate additions or as a manufactured blend may signi

5、ficantly alter theproperties of fresh and hardened concrete. The user should be aware ofthese changes and is referred to the ACI Manual of Concrete Practice2forinformation and guidelines. Specific reference is made to:ACI 232.1R Use of Natural Pozzolans in ConcreteACI 232.2R Use of Fly Ash in Concre

6、teACI 233R Slag Cement in Concrete and MortarACI 234R Guide for the Use of Silica Fume in Concrete1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health

7、 practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of HydraulicCementC125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-gregatesC150/C150M Specification for Portland CementC151/C151M

8、 Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of Hy-draulic CementC183/C183M Practice for Sampling and the Amount ofTesting of Hydraulic CementC311/C311M Test Methods for Sampling and Testing FlyAsh or Natural Pozzolans for Use in Portland-CementConcreteC618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined

9、Natural Pozzolan for Use in ConcreteC989/C989M Specification for Slag Cement for Use inConcrete and MortarsC1240 Specification for Silica Fume Used in CementitiousMixtures3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of other terms used in thisspecification, refer to Terminology C125.3.2 Defin

10、itions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 slag cement, ngranulated blast furnace slag that isground to cement fineness with or without additions and meetsSpecification C989/C989M.3.2.2 supplementary cementitious material, na slag ce-ment or pozzolan that contributes to the properties of concre

11、teor mortar through hydraulic or pozzolanic activity, or both.3.2.3 silica fume, nas defined in Specification C1240.4. Classification4.1 This specification applies to a hydraulic or pozzolanicmaterial composed of a blend of multiple supplementarycementitious materials as defined in Table 1. The supp

12、lemen-tary cementitious materials of the blend are identified inaccordance with the Type listed in the first column of Table 1.For the purpose of conformance to the requirements of thisspecification, the blend is classified according to the predomi-nant supplementary cementitious material. For blend

13、ed supple-mentary cementitious matierals that have no predominantconstituent, the manufacturer selects the blend type.4.2 The naming practice for reporting blended supplemen-tary cementitious materials is as follows:SCMb 2 Axx/Byy/Czz1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C0

14、9 onConcrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC09.24 on Supplementary Cementitious Materials.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2016. Published October 2016. Originallyapproved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C1697-10. DOI:10.1520/C1697-16.2Ava

15、ilable from American Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, FarmingtonHills, MI 48333-9094, http:/www.concrete.org.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to

16、 the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1where:SCMb = designation of the product as a blended supplemen-tary cementitious material,A = targeted mass % of the predominant s

17、upplementarycementitious material in the blended supplementarycementitious material expressed by mass of thefinal blended supplementary cementitious material,xx = predominant supplementary cementitiousmaterialuse Type designation in accordance withTable 1,B = targeted mass % of the secondary supplem

18、entarycementitious material in the blended supplementarycementitious material expressed by mass of thefinal blended supplementary cementitious material,yy = secondary supplementary cementitious materialuse Type designation in accordance with Table 1,C = targeted mass % of the tertiary supplementaryc

19、ementitious material in the blended supplementarycementitious material expressed by mass of thefinal blended supplementary cementitious material.This would be required only for ternary mixtures,andzz = tertiary supplementary cementitious materialuseType designation in accordance with Table 1NOTE 2Ex

20、amples of the naming practice are as follows:A binary mixture of 65 % Class C fly ash and 35 % slag cement would be:SCMb 2 65C/35SA ternary mixture of 60 % Class F fly ash, 35 % slag cement and 5 %silica fume would be:SCMb 2 60F/35S/5SF5. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for material under this specif

21、ication shall includethe following:5.1.1 Specification number,5.1.2 The composition of the blend using the namingconvention in 4.2.5.1.3 Any optional requirements as delineated in Table 2.NOTE 3In advance of ordering, it is important to check for marketavailability of blended supplementary cementiti

22、ous materials.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 All individual constituents used in the manufacture ofthe blended supplementary cementitious material shall con-form to their applicable specification.6.2 All blended supplementary cementitious materials shallconsist of a uniform mixture of constituents

23、within the limitsspecified in Section 9.7. Chemical Composition7.1 The individual constituents and the blended supplemen-tary cementitious material shall be chemically analyzed usingapplicable analytical methods of Test Methods C311/C311M orTest Methods C114. Analyze for major and minor oxidespresen

24、t in greatest quantity that together, including loss-on-ignition constitutes at least 98 % of the total mass of thematerial.7.2 There are no chemical requirements for the blendedsupplementary cementitious material but the chemical compo-sition of the constituents and of the blended supplementaryceme

25、ntitious material are necessary to verify blend propor-tions.8. Physical and Optional Properties8.1 Blended supplementary cementitious materials shallconform to the physical requirements in Table 3, where theblend type is in accordance with Section 4.8.2 Blended supplementary cementitious materials

26、shallconform to the optional requirements in Table 2, only whenspecifically requested by the purchaser. The blend type is inaccordance with Section 4.9. Permissible Variations in Blending Accuracy9.1 The amount of pozzolan or slag cement in the finishedblended supplementary cementitious material sha

27、ll not varyfrom the target value by more than 62.5 percentage points forsilica fume and not more than 65 percentage points for othersupplementary cementitious materials, with a 99 % probabilityof compliance.NOTE 4To satisfy the 99 % probability of compliance, the blendingprocess must be capable of p

28、roducing a blend containing silica fume suchthat the standard deviation of the measured mass percentage of silica fumein the blend is less than 1 %. For constituents other than silica fume, thestandard deviations of their measured mass percentages have to be lessthan 1.9 %.9.2 The chemical compositi

29、on of the individual constituentsand of the finished blended supplementary cementitious mate-rial shall be determined in accordance with Section 7. Thecomposition of the blend in terms of mass percentage of theconstituents shall be calculated.NOTE 5Appendix X1 provides an example to illustrate how t

30、hecomposition of the blend can be calculated from the various measuredchemical compositions.10. Sampling10.1 The manufacturer shall sample and test the finishedblended supplementary cementitious material in order to verifycompliance with this specification.10.1.1 Upon request of the purchaser, the m

31、anufacturer shallfurnish the sampling procedure used to certify compliance withthis specification.10.2 If the purchaser desires to verify product compliancewith this specification, appropriate sampling and testing pro-cedures shall be used. For guidance, refer to standard PracticeC183/C183M.11. Stor

32、age and Inspection11.1 The blended supplementary cementitious materialsshall be protected from the detrimental effects of exposure tothe environment and stored in such a manner as to permit easyaccess for proper inspection and identification.TABLE 1 Classification of Supplementary Cementitious Mater

33、ialsType NameN Class N Pozzolan meeting Specification C618F Class F fly ash meeting Specification C618C Class C fly ash meeting Specification C618SF Silica Fume meeting Specification C1240S Slag cement meeting Specification C989/C989MC1697 16211.2 Inspection of the material shall be made as agreed u

34、ponby the purchaser and the seller as part of the purchase contract.12. Rejection and Rehearing12.1 The purchaser has the right to reject material that failsto conform to the requirements of this specification. Rejectionshall be reported to the manufacturer or supplier promptly andin writing. In cas

35、e of dissatisfaction with the results of the tests,the manufacturer or supplier is not prohibited from making aclaim for retesting.13. 13. Certification13.1 Upon request, the purchaser shall be furnished certifi-cation that all material has been tested as directed in thisspecification and the specif

36、ied requirements have been met.13.1.1 When requested by the purchaser or when specifiedin the purchase order or contract, a report of individualconstituents including source and specification complianceshall be furnished.13.1.2 When requested by the purchaser or when specifiedin the purchase order o

37、r contract, a report of the blendedsupplementary cementitious material test results, includingchemical composition and physical properties shall be fur-nished.14. Packaging and Package Marking14.1 When blended supplementary cementitious material isdelivered in packages, the composition of the blend

38、using thenaming practice in 4.2, the name and brand of themanufacturer, and the mass contained therein shall be plainlymarked on each package. Similar information shall be providedin the shipping invoices accompanying the shipment of bulkblended supplementary cementitious material.15. Keywords15.1 b

39、lend; fly ash; pozzolan; silica fume; slag cement;supplementary cementitious materialTABLE 2 Optional RequirementsBlend TypeNFCSSFIncrease of drying shrinkage of mortar bars at 28 days, max, difference, in %, overcontrolA0.03 0.03 0.03 . .Uniformity Requirements:BDensity - max variation from average

40、, % 5 5 5 . .% retained on 45-m (No. 325) sieve,max variation from average, %55 55When air-entraining concrete is specified,the quantity of air-entraining agent requiredto produce an air content of 18.0 vol %of mortar shall not vary from the averageestablished by the ten preceding tests or byall pre

41、ceding tests if less than ten, by more than, %20 20 20 . 20Effectiveness in Controlling Alkali-Silica Reaction:Expansion of test mixture as percentage oflow-alkali cement control, at 14 days, max, %C100 100 100 . .Expansion of mortar bars at 14 days, max, %D. . . 0.020 .Reduction of mortar expansion

42、 at 14 days, min, % . . . 75D80EEffectiveness in Contributing to Sulfate Resistance:Procedure A:FExpansion of test mixture:For moderate sulfate exposure after6 months exposure, max, %0.10G0.10G0.10G0.10D0.10EFor high sulfate exposure after 6 monthsexposure, max, %0.05G0.05G0.05G0.05D0.05EFor very hi

43、gh sulfate exposure after12 months exposure, max, %. . . . 0.05DProcedure B:Expansion of test mixture as a percentageof sulfate resistance cement control afterat least 6 months exposure, max,%G100 100 100 . .ADetermination of compliance or noncompliance with the requirement relating to increase in d

44、rying shrinkage will be made only at the request of the purchaser. Testmethod in accordance with Test Methods C311/C311M.BTest in accordance with Test Methods C311/C311M or Specification C1240 as appropriate.CBlended supplementary cementitious materials meeting this requirement are considered as eff

45、ective in controlling alkali aggregate reactions as the use of the low-alkalicontrol cement used in the evaluation. However, the blended supplementary cementitious material shall be considered effective only when used at percentages by massof the total cementitious material equal to or exceeding tha

46、t used in the tests and when the alkali content of the cement to be used does not exceed that used in the testsby more than 0.05 %. See Appendix XI, Test Methods C311/C311M. Test method in accordance with Test Methods C311/C311M.DRefer to the Appendix of Specification C989/C989M.EAs delineated in Sp

47、ecification C1240.FOnly one limit shall be specified.GBlended supplementary cementitious materials shall be considered effective only when the blended supplementary cementitious material is used at percentages, bymass, of the total cementitious material within 2 % of those that are successful in the

48、 test mixtures or between two percentages that are successful, and when the C3Acontent of the project cement is less than, or equal to, that which was used in the test mixtures. SeeAppendix X2 of Test Methods C311/C311M. Test method in accordancewith Test Methods C311/C311M.C1697 163APPENDIX(Nonmand

49、atory Information)X1. VERIFYING BLEND PROPORTIONSX1.1 This Appendix provides information for purchasers ofblended supplementary cementitious materials about typicalmethods that manufacturers use to control the blend productionprocess and verify product conformance.X1.2 Mechanical methods, such as weighing individualconstituents as each goes to the blending system are adequateto provide production control but chemical analysis as de-scribed below is required by this specification for verifyingactual blend proportions:X1.2.1 Ensure weighfeeders are maintained and calibrat