ASME B30 2-2017 Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top Running Bridge Single or Multiple Girder Top Running Trolley Hoist).pdf

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1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ASME B30.2-2016(Revision of ASME B30.2-2011)Overhead and Gantry Cranes(Top Running Bridge, Single or Multiple Girder, Top Running Trolley Hoist)Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and SlingsASME B30.2-2016(Revision of ASME B30.2-2011)O

2、verhead andGantry Cranes(Top Running Bridge, Single orMultiple Girder, Top RunningTrolley Hoist)Safety Standard for Cableways,Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks,and SlingsAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDTwo Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 USADate of Issuance: May 30, 2017The next edition of this Sta

3、ndard is scheduled for publication in 2021. This Standard will becomeeffective 1 year after the Date of Issuance.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of thisStandard. Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages at h

4、ttp:/cstools.asme.org/ as they are issued.Errata to codes and standards may be posted on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages toprovide corrections to incorrectly published items, or to correct typographical or grammatical errorsin codes and standards. Such errata shall be used on the date po

5、sted.The Committee Pages can be found at http:/cstools.asme.org/. There is an option available toautomatically receive an e-mail notification when errata are posted to a particular code or standard.This option can be found on the appropriate Committee Page after selecting “Errata” in the “Publicatio

6、nInformation” section.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to as

7、sure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was madeavailable for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-la

8、rge.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizi

9、ng a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expresslyadvised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, isentirely their own responsibi

10、lity.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted asgovernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASM

11、E procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersTwo Park A

12、venue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2017 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.CONTENTSForeword vCommittee Roster . viiB30 Standard Introduction . ixSummary of Changes xiiChapter 2-0 Scope, Definitions, References, and Personnel Competence 1Section 2-0

13、.1 Scope of B30.2 . 1Section 2-0.2 Definitions . 1Section 2-0.3 References . 5Section 2-0.4 Personnel Competence . 6Chapter 2-1 General Construction and Installation. 7Section 2-1.1 Markings 7Section 2-1.2 Clearances . 8Section 2-1.3 General Construction Runways and Supporting Structure 8Section 2-1

14、.4 Crane Construction 8Section 2-1.5 Cabs Normal or Skeleton (If Provided) . 9Section 2-1.6 Lubrication 9Section 2-1.7 Service Platforms (Footwalks) 9Section 2-1.8 Stops and Bumpers 10Section 2-1.9 Rail Sweeps 11Section 2-1.10 Guards for Moving Parts . 11Section 2-1.11 Truck Frame Drop . 11Section 2

15、-1.12 Brakes and Braking Means . 11Section 2-1.13 Electrical Equipment . 12Section 2-1.14 Hoisting Equipment 16Section 2-1.15 Warning Devices or Means for a Crane With a Power-TravelingMechanism 17Section 2-1.16 Manual 17Section 2-1.17 Translation of Safety Related Information and Control Designatio

16、ns . 18Chapter 2-2 Inspection and Testing. 19Section 2-2.1 Inspection . 19Section 2-2.2 Rope Inspection 20Section 2-2.3 Testing 21Chapter 2-3 Operator Training and Operation . 22Section 2-3.1 Crane Operator Training . 22Section 2-3.2 Training for Persons Other Than Crane Operators . 22Section 2-3.3

17、Operation . 22Section 2-3.4 Planned Engineered Lifts . 25Section 2-3.5 Hoist Limit Devices (Switches) . 26Section 2-3.6 Signals 26Section 2-3.7 Miscellaneous 26Section 2-3.8 Crane Lockout/Tagout . 26Chapter 2-4 Maintenance Training and Maintenance . 28Section 2-4.1 Maintenance Training 28Section 2-4

18、.2 Crane Maintenance 28Section 2-4.3 Rope Replacement and Maintenance 29Section 2-4.4 Maintenance Records 30iiiFigures2-0.2-1 Cantilever Gantry Crane . 22-0.2-2 Gantry Crane 22-0.2-3 Overhead Crane . 32-0.2-4 Semigantry Crane 32-0.2-5 Wall Crane 32-1.13.3-1 Recommended Arrangement of Controllers or

19、Master Switches(Three-Motion Crane) 142-1.13.3-2 Recommended Arrangement of Controllers or Master Switches(Four-Motion Crane) . 142-1.13.3-3 Recommended Arrangement of Controllers (Pendant Push-Button StationArrangement) . 152-1.13.3-4 Recommended Arrangement of Controllers (Radio Crane ControlTrans

20、mitter Lever Arrangement) . 152-3.6.1-1 Standard Hand Signals for Controlling Overhead and Gantry Cranes 27ivFOREWORDThis American National Standard, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, has been developed under the procedures accredited by the AmericanNa

21、tional Standards Institute (ANSI). This Standard had its beginning in December 1916 whenan eight-page Code of Safety Standards for Cranes, prepared by an ASME Committee on theProtection of Industrial Workers, was presented at the annual meeting of ASME.Meetings and discussions regarding safety on cr

22、anes, derricks, and hoists were held from 1920to 1925 involving the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee, the Association of Iron andSteel Electrical Engineers, the American Museum of Safety, the American Engineering StandardsCommittee (AESC) later changed to American Standards Association (ASA),

23、then to the UnitedStates of America Standards Institute (USASI), and finally to ANSI, Department of Labor State of New Jersey, Department of Labor and Industry State of Pennsylvania, and theLocomotive Crane Manufacturers Association. On June 11, 1925, AESC approved the ASME SafetyCode Correlating Co

24、mmittees recommendation and authorized the project with theU.S. Department of the Navy, Bureau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors.In March 1926, invitations were issued to 50 organizations to appoint representatives to aSectional Committee. The call for organization of this Sectional Committee

25、 was sent outOctober 2, 1926, and the committee organized November 4, 1926, with 57 members representing29 national organizations. Commencing June 1, 1927, and using the eight-page code publishedby ASME in 1916 as a basis, the Sectional Committee developed the Safety Code for Cranes,Derricks, and Ho

26、ists. The early drafts of this safety code included requirements for jacks, but,due to inputs and comments on those drafts, the Sectional Committee decided in 1938 to makethe requirements for jacks a separate code. In January 1943, ASA B30.2-1943 was publishedaddressing a multitude of equipment type

27、s, and in August 1943, ASA B30.1-1943 was publishedaddressing just jacks. Both documents were reaffirmed in 1952 and widely accepted as safetystandards.Due to changes in design, advancement in techniques, and general interest of labor and industryin safety, the Sectional Committee, under the joint s

28、ponsorship of ASME and the Bureau of Yardsand Docks (now the Naval Facilities Engineering Command), was reorganized on January 31,1962, with 39 members representing 27 national organizations. The new committee changed theformat of ASA B30.2-1943 so that the multitude of equipment types it addressed

29、could be publishedin separate volumes that could completely cover the construction, installation, inspection, testing,maintenance, and operation of each type of equipment that was included in the scope of ASA B30.2.This format change resulted in the initial publication of B30.3, B30.5, B30.6, B30.11

30、, and B30.16being designated as revisions of B30.2 with the remainder of the B30 volumes being publishedas totally new volumes. ASA changed its name to USASI in 1966 and to ANSI in 1969, whichresulted in B30 volumes from 1943 to 1968 being designated as either ASA B30, USASI B30, orANSI B30 dependin

31、g on their date of publication.In 1982, the Committee was reorganized as an Accredited Organization Committee, operatingunder procedures developed by ASME and accredited by ANSI. This Standard presents a coordi-nated set of rules that may serve as a guide to government and other regulatory bodies an

32、dmunicipal authorities responsible for the guarding and inspection of the equipment falling withinits scope. The suggestions leading to accident prevention are given both as mandatory andadvisory provisions; compliance with both types may be required by employers of their employees.In case of practi

33、cal difficulties, new developments, or unnecessary hardship, the administrativeor regulatory authority may grant variances from the literal requirements or permit the use ofother devices or methods but only when it is clearly evident that an equivalent degree of protectionis thereby secured. To secu

34、re uniform application and interpretation of this Standard, administra-tive or regulatory authorities are urged to consult the B30 Committee, in accordance with theformat described in Section IX of the Introduction, before rendering decisions on disputed points.vSafety codes and standards are intend

35、ed to enhance public safety. Revisions result from commit-tee consideration of factors such as technological advances, new data, and changing environmentaland industry needs. Revisions do not imply that previous editions were inadequate.New editions were published in 1967, 1983, 1990, 1996, 2001, an

36、d 2005. In the 2011 edition,Chapter 2-3 was revised and Maintenance moved to a new Chapter 2-4. This 2016 edition containsrevisions throughout all chapters to be more consistent with other B30 volumes.This Volume of the Standard, which was approved by the B30 Committee and by ASME, wasapproved by AN

37、SI and designated as an American National Standard on December 21, 2016.viASME B30 COMMITTEESafety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSB. D. Closso

38、n, ChairT. L. Blanton, Vice ChairK. M. Hyam, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELN. E. Andrew, LTS Cranes MechanicalM. Eggenberger, Alternate, Berry Contracting, Inc.G. Austin, Terex Corp.T. L. Blanton, NACB Group, Inc.P. A. Boeckman, The Crosby Group, Inc.E. E. Lutter, Alternate, The Crosby Group

39、, Inc.P. W. Boyd, The Boeing Co.B. D. Closson, Craft Forensic ServicesJ. A. Danielson, The Boeing Co.B. M. Casey, Alternate, General Dynamics Electric BoatD. R. Decker, Becket, LLCL. D. DeMark, Equipment Training Solutions, LLCD. F. Jordan, Alternate, BP AmericaD. W. Eckstine, Eckstine designated pe

40、rson, man trolley, and slash(/) deleted(2) Under definition of hazardous(classified) locations, definitions forclass I, class II, and class III deleted(3) Definitions of accessory, operational aid,and rated speed added(4) Definitions of shall and should revised5, 6 Section 2-0.3 RevisedSection 2-0.4

41、 Added7 2-1.1.5 Subparagraph (d) added2-1.1.6 Added8 2-1.3.1 Subparagraphs (c) and (g) revised2-1.4.2 Title and paragraph revised11 2-1.9.2 Subparagraph (b)(3) revised2-1.12.1 (1) Subparagraph (b) revised(2) New subparagraph (c) added(3) Subsequent subparagraphsredesignated12 2-1.12.3 Subparagraph (

42、a)(1) revised2-1.12.4 Subparagraph (a)(1) revised2-1.13.1 Subparagraph (f) addedxiiPage Location Change13 2-1.13.3 (1) Subparagraphs (a) and (d) revised(2) Subparagraph (e) deleted(3) Subparagraphs (f), (g), and (h)renumbered as (e), (f), and (g); newlyrenumbered (f) and (g) revised(4) New subparagr

43、aph (h) added(5) New subparagraphs (l) through (p)added and old subparagraph (l)redesignated as (q)2-1.13.4 (1) Subparagraph (c) revised(2) Subparagraph (d) added14 Figs. 2-1.13.3-1 and Titles revised2-1.13.3-216 2-1.13.5 (1) Title revised(2) Subparagraphs (a), (b), and (c) revised(3) Subparagraphs

44、(c)(1) through (c)(3)deleted. Subparagraphs (d) and (e)moved to new Section 2-1.13.62-1.13.6 New Section added2-1.13.7 Renumbered from 2-1.13.6, revised andnew subparagraph (b) added2-1.13.8 Renumbered from 2-1.13.7 and newsubparagraph (e) added2-1.13.9 Renumbered from 2-1.13.8 and titlerevised17 2-

45、1.14.3 Subparagraph (a) revised2-1.15.1 Subparagraph (b) revised2-1.15.2 Subparagraph (b) revised18 Section 2-1.17 Added19, 20 2-2.1.1 Subparagraph (d) revised2-2.1.3 Subparagraph (b)(2) revised2-2.1.5 (1) Subparagraphs (c)(9) and (10) revised(2) Subparagraph (c)(15) added2-2.2.1 Revised21 2-2.3.1 (

46、1) Subparagraph (b)(5) revised(2) Subparagraph (b)(7) added23, 24 2-3.3.3 Subparagraph (e) added2-3.3.4 (1) Subparagraphs (b)(4) andredesignated (c)(28) revised(2) Subparagraph (c)(17) added andsubsequent paragraphs renumberedxiiiPage Location Change25, 26 2-3.3.5 AddedSection 2-3.4 Subparagraph (e)

47、(8) revisedSection 2-3.5 Subparagraph (a) revised29, 30 2-4.3.1 Subparagraph (f) addedxiv(16)ASME B30.2-2016OVERHEAD AND GANTRY CRANES(TOP RUNNING BRIDGE, SINGLE OR MULTIPLE GIRDER,TOP RUNNING TROLLEY HOIST)Chapter 2-0Scope, Definitions, References, and Personnel CompetenceSECTION 2-0.1: SCOPE OF B3

48、0.2Volume B30.2 includes provisions that apply to theconstruction, installation, operation, inspection, andmaintenance of hand-operated and power-driven over-head and gantry cranes that have a top-running single-girder or multiple-girder bridge, with one or more top-running trolley hoists used for v

49、ertical lifting and low-ering of freely suspended, unguided loads consistingof equipment and materials (see Figs. 2-0.2-1 through2-0.2-5). The requirements included in this Volume alsoapply to cranes having the same fundamental character-istics such as cantilever gantry cranes, semi-gantrycranes, and wall cranes.Requirements for a crane used for a special purposesuch as, but not limited to, non-vertical lifting service,lifting a guided load, or lifting personnel are notincluded in this Volume.SECTION 2-0.2: DEFINITIONSabnormal operating conditions: environmental conditionstha