ASHRAE JOURN 41-10 FHT-1999 ASHRAE Journal《ASHRAE日报第41卷第10号 1999年10月》.pdf

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4、. And forget the wait. www. How to put a new boiler through a 26 x 56 inch opening Bryan Knockdown boilers make replacement easy Hot water and steam commer- boilers without additional con- cia1 and industrial boilers are struction expense. Standard available from Bryan as Knock- models from 18 to 1

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7、m Accessories (Circle No. 7 on Reader Service Card) 1 -LO FHT-ENGL L 999 0759b50 0545991 LT4 m Want 21 st- century chiller control? You?re looking a U at it. YORK introduces chillers with the Graphic Control Center As the leader in advanced chiller technology, YORK takes the next step forward with t

8、he full-color Graphic Control Center. This revolutionary development makes chiller operation quicker and easier than ever before. Instead of requiring keystroke after keystroke to hunt for information on a small mono- chrome LCD screen, a single button reveals a wide array of information on a large,

9、 full- color display. Data are shown with a color illustration of the appropriate component, which makes information easier to interpret. Navigation bar, cursor controls, and ?home? button provide faster access than confusing menu-tree schemes. Choose language and units of measurement at the push of

10、 a button, with trend graphs available for over 100 vari- ables. ? Give your index finger and your patience a break by specifying YORK chillers with the standard Graphic Control Center. For more information, call your local YORK ofice or 1-800-861-1001. You can also visit our web- site at . YORK INT

11、ERNATIONAL (Circle No. 33 on Reader Service Card) N 4%-LO FHT-ENGL 1994 W 0759b50 0545793 T77 Page 48: History of Ventilation Page 73: Retail Ventilation s Evaluating Active Desiccant Systems for Ventilating Commercial Buildings By Lewis G. Harriman 111, Michael J. Witfe, Ph.D., Marek Czachorski, an

12、d Douglas R. Kosar . 28 VAV Systems and Outdoor Air By Glen A. Chamberlin, Kevin S. Maki, Zhenhai Li, Dave M. Schwenk, and Leslie L. Christianson, Ph.D., PE. . The History of Ventilation and Temperature Control By John E. Janssen By Christopher S. Smith 39 Ventilation in the Commercial Environment .

13、 . 73 G- * by fax at 404-321-5478; by e-mail at ordersashrae.org; or by mail at 1791 Tullie Circle NE, Atlanta, GA, 30329. October 1999 160 psf windloads and nearly 9“ per hour rainfalls, these louvers help prevent both wind and rain damage. With engineering breakthroughs like this, its no wonder Ru

14、skin products are the most widely specified in the industry. For more information about Ruskins hurricane tested louvers or specific details about the Miami- Dade County testing procedures, visit our website at or call (816) 761 -7476 for the name of the Ruskin representative nearest you. Nobody de

15、livers dampers and louvers faste NOBODY! (Circle No. 20 on Reader Service Card) #mt? 3900 D,: Greaves Rd., Kansas Cis: MO 64030 (816) 761-7476 fax (816) 765-8955 www. ruskin. com STD*ASHRAE JOURN 41-10 FHT-ENGL 1999 0759650 0546000 805 New Tech n ;cian EXa ms MCLEAN, Va.-After months of work by a co

16、alition of industry experts, North Amencan Technician Excellence (NATE) has announced the release of the new Air Conditioning Excellence (ACE) WAC the result of the recent unification of the Air Conditioning Contractors of America (ACCA) Air Conditioning Excellence Cer- tification program and the Re

17、frigeration Service Engineers Society (RSES) Na- tional Technician Certification program under the umbrella of NATE. The result A group of manufacturers of vibration isolation, seismic restraint and noise con- trol equipment has formed a non-profit association. The purpose of Vibration Isolation and

18、 Seismic Control Manufac- tureri Association (VICMA) is to edu- cate end users on proper application of equipment. VISCMA IS located at 994 Old FaLior:s. iriformation, visit our web siTe To /iew a video ori iontaIrme?: and grL rriore www.phoenixcontrols.torn/proof +- Honeywell Phoenix Controls Coruo

19、ra fion 1-800-340-0007, Phoenix Controls (orporotion is a wholly owned subsidiary of Honeywell Inc., Phoenix Controls and Usage Bored Controls are registered trademarks of Phoenix (ontrols. (Circle No. 46 on Reader Service Card) October 1999 ASHRAE Journal 17 STDmASHRAE JOURN 41-10 FHT-ENGL 1999 M 0

20、759b50 054b007 LbT m Humidifier technology that carries a lot of weight. As you can see, the Armstrong HumidiClean“ with patented ionic bed technology attracts a lot more than attention. Forget evolution. This revolution is for real. Dont believe it? Just ask a competitor - or all of them -to weigh

21、in beside HumidiClean. The remarkable ionic beds are made of a fibrous medium. These beds, five per tank, attract solids from the water as its temperature rises. Solids build up on the beds instead of on tank walls or heating elements. And when they become New ionic bed. saturated with solids, you _

22、 just remove and replace. Never was a revolution this painless. 400 hours of rervrce. _ Use on any water. Some %* “, manufacturers suggest that water treatment - at additional cost to 800 hours of yewice Say goodbye to old humidifier technology. /- f -% You can forget cleaning or replacing tanks. Ac

23、tually, you can forget most of what you know about traditional humidifiers. HumidiClean, due to its exclusive ionic beds, simply operates more economically and more efficiently longer than other choices on the market. Sections of ionic bed HumidiClran tankfor are suspended in the easy installation W

24、hen it comes and removal. to humidification, the ionic bed IS the first breakthrough in decades. And no one can explain it more completely than the people who invented it. For straight talk on one tough HumidiCleafi is available caaciesu h u m id fi er, ca I I you r Armstrong Repre- sentative and as

25、k for Bulletin No. 581. in two models with (40.8 kgAr). you -should be a factor in humidifier performance. Not Armstrong. With HumidiClean, you can use any water under any condition: hard, soft, deionized. Hum id iClea n uses an immersed resistance-type heating element that passes no current through

26、 the water. The result? Greater flexibility when water is hard or conductivity is IOW. That means generating full output doesnt depend on water conductivity. The cartridge-style heating element also provides greater safety and extends element life. Humid-A-warcthe new Armstrong humidification sizing

27、 and selection software, is now available and can be downloaded from our web site at www.armstrong-. 4) PI Armstrong Armstrong International, Inc. /Three Rivers, Michigan 49093, USA / (616) 273-1415 Fax: (616) 273-9500 / Liege, Belgium (04) 2409090 Fax: (04) 2481361 / www.armstrong- (Circle No. 30 o

28、n Reader Service Card) E PA o Take Action US. Nearing HCFC Cap By J.E. Cox, Ph.D., RE., and Charles R. Mir ASHRAE Director of Government Affairs Governmenf Affairs ASHRAE Associafe Director of T he U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) monitors HCFC consumption to ensure that the United States

29、complies with the Montreal Protocol provisions. Determining the nations consumption is complicated because imports and exports must be appropri- ately included in the calculation. The EPA provides data re- lated to hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) usage and estimates related to future hydrofluorocarbo

30、n (HFC) emissions. The ozone depletion potential (ODP) attributed to the U.S. consumption of HCFCs for the period 1995-98 is shown in the figure. HCFC 22 (R-22) (primarily refrigerant applica- tions) andHCFC 141b (R-141b) (primarily foam applications) are the two major contributors. ALI other HCFCs

31、(including 123) represent a relatively small contribution. Production of HCFC 141b will cease in the United States on Jan. 1,2003, which will significantly reduce thc HCFC consumption. This reduction of 141 b will occur prior to the reduction required by the Montreal Protocol in 2004. The Developed

32、Nations HCFC Cup A cap on HCFC consumption took effect in 1996 for devel- oped nations. The cap is a formulated calculation using 1989 production data of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and HCFCs. Several years ago, U.S. industry estimated the nations HCFC demand as related to the cap. Industry predicted

33、 that the U.S. needs would remain below the value of the cap, but that HCFC consumption would approach the caps value near the turn of the century, then drop off substantially as HCFC 141 b phases out of the market. PA Issues Advanced Notice of Proposed Rulemaking In the spring, the EPA issued an ad

34、vanced notice of pro- posed rulemaking seeking input on how best to ensure that U.S. consumption of HCFCs does not exceed the cap (as the cap is approached). The agency will have in place an alloca- tion procedure for production, if needed. The EPA is working with industry to develop an appropriate

35、mechanism. Many questions must be addressed, such as what would be an appropriate trigger? The agency must be cautious not to artificially create a shortage. 7 998 HCFC Consumption U.S. chemical producers provide the EPA with quarterly data on HCFC consumption. The agency verifies the data and de- 2

36、0 ASHRAE Journal u . . . 8,000,000 - +- Ozone depletion potential attributed to U.S. consumption of HCFCs. termines the total for the nation and how the number relates to the cap. U.S. consumption in 1996 and 1997 was about 82% of the cap value. In 1998, calculations show the United States at near 9

37、2% of the cap value. This increase spurred the EPAs actions. The agency is concerned that if this is a continuing trend, control measures may be necessary at some point. In late 1999, the agency intends to issue an interim final rule that would take effect Jan. 1,2000. Industry representatives belie

38、ve the 1998 increase is not a trend, but occurred as a result of a number of factors. With a healthy economy, new construction activity has flourished, which means large increases in foam insulation and to a lesser degree increases in the refrigerant market. Industry also noted that production numbe

39、rs reflect disruptions of various types of plant operations (e.g., stockpiling prior to a plant being offline for a period). PA Emission Estimates Under the provisions of the Kyoto Protocol, emissions of a “basket” of greenhouse gases (GHGs) would be reduced in the period 2008-2012. The EPA is gathe

40、ring data on affected GHGs and projecting estimates of future emissions in the event that the United States should ratify the treaty at some point. Information on HFCs is lumped with two other gases, perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and sulfur hexafluoride (SF,). The U.S. emissions of these three gases in 19

41、90 accounted for only 1.2% of total GHG emissions but is projected to repre- October 1999 sent 2% to 4% of the total by 20 10. N OCTOBER ABET Annual Meeting, Oct. 28 29, Balti- morc. Contact Accrcditation Hoard for Engi- neering and Tcchnology at 410-347-7730 or www.abct.org. Worldwide Food Expo. Oc

42、t. 2831, Chicago. Contact LiL Overstreet at the Intcrnational Association of Food Industry Suppliers at 703-761-2600, fax 703-761- 4334, info(jiafis.org or www. . W NOVEMBER RSES Annual Conference, Nov. 4-6, Rochester. N.Y. Contact the Rcfrigcraiion Service Enginccrs Society at 847-297-6464, fax 847

43、-297-5038, rsecju!starneiinc.cotn or www.rses. org. NEBB Annual Meeting, Nov. 7-9, Colorado Springs. Contact Margaret Andrews, National Environmental tialaiicing Bureau, at 30 1-977- 3698 or wwu,.nehb.orglcvents.htnil. AKI Annual Meeting, No! 14-16, San Antonio. Contact Air-Conditioning aiid Kefrig-

44、 cration Institute at 703-524-8800 or fax 703- 528-38 16. DECEMBER “RAW International Convention, Dec. 5-8, Washington, D.C. Contact the Northamerican Heating, Refrigeration ashrae.org or www.ashrae.org. international Air-Conditioning, Heating, Refrigerating Exposition (AHK Expo), Feb. 7-9, Dallas.

45、Cosponsored by ASHRAE and ARI. Contact International Exposition Com- pany, 15 Franklin Street, Westport, CT. 06880; 203-221 -9232, fax 203-22 1-9260 or . ACCAs Annual Conference, Feb. I h 19, Albuquerquc, N.M. Contact Air Conditioii- ing Contractors of Amcrica at 202-483- 9307, fax 202-588-1 2 17, i

46、nfor+acca.org or www.acca.org. H MARCH NADCA Annual Meeting and Exposition, March 14, Phoenix. Contact theNational Air Duct Cleaners Association at 202-737-2926. fax 2 O 2 - 3 4 7 - 8 8 4 7, w 7 W. nad c a. c o m or nadca(. CMX 2000, March 23-25. Toronto. Ontario. Contact 4 16-444-5225, fax 4 16-444

47、-8268 or cal(. Corrosion/2000, March 26- 3 1, Orlando, Fla. Contact National Association of Corrosion Engineers at 28 1-228-6223, fax 28 1-228-6329, msdiinail.nace.org or www.nacc.org. H APRIL ThermoSense XXII: Applications in Ther- mal Imaging, April 24- 28, Orlando, Ha. Con- tact Ralph Diriwiddic

48、at 423-574-7599 or dinwiddierboml.gov. IEST Annual Meeting and Expo, April 30-May 4. Providence, R.I. Contact Joan Harpham at the Institute of Environniental Sciences and Technology at 847-255- 1561, fax 847-255-1699. www.iest.org, or iest(liicst.org. H MAY GAMA Annual Meeting, May 14 17. La Quinta,

49、 Calif. Contact the Gas Appliance Manufacturers Association at 703-525- 9565, fax 703-525-07 18 or www.gaiiianct. org. International Appliance echnical Confer- ence, May 15 17, Lexington. Ky., cosponsored by ASHRAE. Contact James Stevens at 727-535-4326, fax 727-536-4283, www.IATC.net or jstevelO6 I (tgaol.coni. Boiler and Pressure Vessel Ins