ASHRAE JOURN 39-8 ANC-1997 ASHRAE Journal《ASHRAE日报第39卷第8号 1997年8月》.pdf

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1、COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesI STDmASHRAE JOURN 37-8 ANC-ENGL 3177 m 0757b50 0528377 4112 m COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSTD-ASHRAE JOURN

2、37-8 ANC-ENGL 1777 E 0757b50 0528378 384 COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesCOPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSTDeASHRAE JOURN 37-8 ANC-ENGL WHEN YOU

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4、commissioning We make sure that you have all the information required to submit a complete, detailed and cost-competitive spec. We know what it takes to ensure a trouble-free commissioning. Routinely, we ask consultinglspecifymg engineers to grade Staefas performance on on-time delivery and hassle-f

5、ree installation. Consultants agree: Staefa knows what it takes to get a job done right. TECHNOLOGY, FOLLOW-UP, SERVICE AND SUPPORT. A dealer network that knows and loves this business Staefa dealers have been in the HVAC business a long time and know what it takes to keep projects moving along. Job

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7、ll get Staefa reliability and all the benefits of a Windows system. Heres how to learn more To receive further information, circle the reader service number, or contact your local Staefa dealer. Or, caii us toll-free at 800.735-4822. Windows is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation. Staefa Control Sy

8、stem (Circle No. 6 on Reader Service Card) 1000 Deerfield Parkway Buffalo Grove, IL 60089 http:/ COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSTD-ASHRAE JOURN 39-8 ANC-ENGL 1777 0757b50 0528LBL 773 M Every day you carry around tools. s

9、upplies and the responsibility of the job. The last things you need to lug along are a pager, a ccll phone and a two-way radio just to stay in touch with customers, suppliers aiid co-workers. Well now theres a way to lighten the load. its called Nextel. Our all-in-one, pocket-size phone by Motorola“

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12、Card) 01997 Nextei Communications. All riahts reserved. Nextei. the Nextei lono. Nextei Direct Connect and Get Smart. Get Nmtel. COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling Services19-8 ANC-ENGL 1197 1311 0759b50 U520182 BOT m 1, E 0 Technolo

13、gy for a Better Environment 39 By Donald E. Holte, P.Eng. Active Noise Control: A Tutorial for HVAC Designers . 43 By Lawrence J. Gelin Computational Fluid Dynamics: A Two-Edged Sword . 51 By A.J. Baker, Ph.D., P. E.; Richard M. Kelso, P. E.; Eliott B. Gordon, P.E.; Subrata Roy, PA.D.; and Edward G.

14、 Schaub Measuring Energy Savings For Modernization Projects . 60 Total Systems Design Approach . 64 By John D. Cowan, P.Eng., and Steven Schiller, P.E. By Harry John Boody Com men ta ry . Industry News 10 Washington Report . 32 Technology Q 32-bit field controllers; and rapid BACnet-over- ARCnetO co

15、mmunications at the field bus level. For complete information, contact an authorized Automated Logic dealer or our headquarters. Our thinkings outside the box! (2) Continue to work for balance on project committees dealing with multi- disciplinary standards; and, (3) Re-emphasize and enforce exist-

16、ing rules regarding terms of service on standing project committees. The five other parts of the MDS plan include one that sets up a two-document system for multidisciplinary standards. One of the documents would have mini- mum requirements and be developed for adoption by others, such as building c

17、odes officials. The other would create a state- of-the-art manual for design practices. “This two-document feature provides a way to successfully develop and main- tain documents of broad impact that both describe requirements and give designers challenging goals,” said David L. Grum- man, P.E., Mem

18、ber ASHRAE, a consult- ing engineer in Evanston, Ill., who chaired the committee that developed the multidisciplinary standards (MDS) plan. The code-intended document, said Grumman, would use mandatory, en- forceable (and simple) language. It would require consensus. In addition, ASHRAE would seek a

19、pproval of the standard as an American National (ANSI) Standard. The “state-of-the art” document would be targeted primarily to building and building systems designers; set a state-of- the-art level for building design practice; be considerably more stringent than min- imum requirements; and provide

20、 guid- ance secondarily to designers and manufacturers of building equipment, components and materials, he said. Another major feature to be examined by the committee appointed by Holte is the creation of a category of committee membership which will invite technically See Plan, Page I I 10 ASHRAE J

21、ournal August, 1997 COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSTD-ASHRAE JOURN 37-8 ANC-ENGL 3777 m 0757b50 0528388 228 m Plan, From Page 70 qualified organizational members to serve on the committees that write and maintain multidi

22、sciplinary standards. Organiza- tional members will represent organiza- tions and industries affected by a standard. Presently, ASHRAE standards- writing committees are comprised of only individual members, said Grumman. “Organizational members would bring materially affected parties to the table du

23、ring the time when a standard is being created or revised. This will help resolve conflicts much earlier in the de- velopment process and should result in achieving better consensus prior to a public review,” he said. Also, the appointed committee will consider the recommendation to extend the use o

24、f “continuous maintenance” for complex and controversial multidisci- plinary standards. Continuous mainte- nance establishes procedures for timely, documented consensus action on pro- posals to change any part of a standard. Presently, five of ASHRAEs standards use this method, Grumman said, “Contin

25、uous maintenance will expe- dite incorporating current technical in- formation into the standards on a timely basis,” he said. Another feature encourages the Soci- ety to continue developing users manu- als to accompany multidisciplinary standards. A users manual assists in the understanding and app

26、lication of the standard and would be developed along with writing the standard itself, he said. The final recommendation for review by the appointed committee concerns creating a fund to financially assist mem- bers of standards writing committees who are unable or reluctant to participate because

27、of out-of-pocket expenses. Pres- ently, only transportation expenses are reimbursed in hardship cases for atten- dance at meetings between Society meet- ings. Volunteers time, lodging and meals are not covered, said Holte. To provide sources for the fund, the MDS plan proposes to assess fees to or-

28、ganizational members, solicit contribu- tions for the sole purpose of “standards development” or allocate funds from ASHRAEs existing revenues. “ASHRAE must address the problem of extremely burdensome time and mone- tary resources required by volunteers serving on standards project committees. At th

29、e same time, the Society must con- sider how to administer the proposed fund,” said Holte. August, 1997 ASH RAE JO urna I 11 COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling Services1997 ASHRAE ANU Meethg June 28 -July 2 + Boston HVAC Technology I

30、s Weapon In Fight Against Tuberculosis BOSTON-The recent emergence of tu- control at Harvard Medical School in berculosis (TB) in the United States and Cambridge, Mass., discussed tuberculo- around the world has increased the im- sis and air disinfecting as one means for portance of effectively cont

31、rolling TB in controlling the transmission of the TB an open society. One of the weapons in virus. His presentation included an in- the fight against the spread of depth discussion of upper the most lethal and infectious room ultraviolet germicidal disease in the world is HVAC irradiation, which use

32、s a technology. short wavelength (254 nm) In a special interview with UV radiation to kill airborne ASHRAE Journal following infectious agents. Other engi- the Public Session in Boston, neering control methods in- Bernard Fourier, M.Sc., clude increased ventilation, Ph.D., program leader with direct

33、ional airflow, air filtra- the Medical Research Council tion, and particulate respira- of Pretoria, South Africa, said tors, he said. that control of the occupation- Melvin W. First, Sc.D., al environment for the high Paul Jensen professor of environmental risk groups is extremely im- portant. He wa

34、s referring to the use of HVAC controlled environments to low- er humidity levels that can discourage the growth of TB bacteria; the use of better ventilation filtration with HEPA filters; and negative pressure for patient isolation rooms. Fourier was one of four speakers to deliver the message that

35、 HVAC systems can play an important role in helping to reduce the risks involved with a disease that kills 2.5 million people each year and infects close to one third of the worlds population today. Session moderator Bruce Lindsay said “TO effectively control TB requires coop- erative efforts betwee

36、n the medical and engineering communities, including ex- tensive research into the effects of various technologies on TB transmission. This public session has provided a valuable op- portunis. for dialog between the two groups to define the needs in this area.” Edward A. Nardell, M.D., chief of pulm

37、onary medicine at Cambridge Hos- pital and professor of TB prevention and health engineering, emeritus, at Harvard School of Public Health in Cambridge, Mass., described engineer- ing aspects for controlling TB in the New York City Homeless Shelter Project. The goals of this project are to correlate

38、 protection from transmission of TB with specific UV doses used in upper-room UV irradiation and to de- velop an engineering guidance manual for designing effective applications of upper-room UV to indoor environments of all types, he said. Paul Jensen, Ph.D., P.E., an industrial hygiene engineer at

39、 the Centers for Dis- eases Control in, W.V., reviewed meth- ods of controlling occupational exposure to tuberculosis. He discussed the series of steps used to control occu- pational exposure, including engineer- ing controls in areas where infectious patients may be located. He also de- scribed fiv

40、e projects currently underway in this area and future work on applying computation fluid dynamic models to aid in the design and evaluation of hos- pital room architecture and ventilation. Bernard Fourie, M.Sc., Ph.D., pro- gram leader with the Medical Research Council in Pretoria, South Africa, gav

41、e an overview of tuberculosis in South Africa, where the disease rate is up to See Public Session, Page 25 12 ASHRAE Journal August, 1997 COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesCOPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating

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