ASHRAE JOURN 39-7 VVA-1997 ASHRAE Journal《ASHRAE日报第39卷第7号 1997年7月》.pdf

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1、COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesCOPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesCorrosh$. Next to freeze-ups, its one of the biggest threats to heating and cool

2、ing efficiency water-based HVAC systems face. Even under relatively moderate conditions, corrosion can rapidly strip away precious layers of metal from system components and eventually foul chiller coils. As the photos above illustrate, an uninhibited glycol- based fluid can cause corrosion. Yet, ev

3、en an inhibited glycol fluid will corrode your system if its not inhibited properly. Comparative Corrosion Effects of Fluids on Common Metals Corrosion Rate (mils per year) Uninhibited Uninhibited Propylene DOWFROCT Ethylene DOWTHERM Water Glycol HD Fluid Glycol SR-1 Fluid Copper 0.08 0.16 0.04 0.16

4、 0.12 1 Solder 3.14 -34.7 0.06 jh.5 0.13 Brass 0.23 0.20 0.08 0.46 0.12 Mild Steel 9.69 9.80 0.04 44.5 0.04 Cast Iron 21.2 16.2 0.05 55.7 0.13 Aluminum 13.2 1.80 +0.36 19.8 0.44 Rutes in excess of 0.5 mpy (2.5,for aluminum) aregenerally euidence of inadequate corrosion protection Sample with a “+“sh

5、owed weight gain ASTA4 D13SG19VF for 2 ueks, 30% by uoiunzeglycol, air bubbling. DOWTHERPi/I* and DOWFROST“ fluids, on the other hand, contain precisely formulated industrial inhibitor packages that are proven highly effective in preventing corrosion of metals commonly used in HVAC systems. And, unl

6、ike some other inhibited glycol fluids, DOWTHERM and DOWFROST fluids can be easily analyzed to determine corrosion inhibitor condition. Properly maintained, DOWTHERM and DOWFROST fluids may not require reinhibiting for up to 20 years. Another reason DOWTHERM and DOWFROST fluids are such a good bet f

7、or HVAC systems? Theyre backed by complete fluid support services, including free annual fluid analysis for systems containing 250 gallons of fluid or more. For our 12-page HVAC applica- tions guide and a deck of limited edition playing cards, absolutely free, call 1-800-447-4369 or use the reader s

8、ervice card. Heat Transfer Fluids http /mm7 dow com/cpecialty/heat/lieat html “Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company (Circle No. 4 on Reader Service Card) COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSave time, money and stress. pre-as

9、sembled Control, Valve 8 Pump Package. Introducing CalPak; the pre-en You Can Take It To The Bank As engineers, you know the significant savings and operating efficiencies that ICE BANK Off-peak remote access. Air Conditioning (OPAC) thermal storage systems offer your clients. But you also know that

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14、empcrxure control, flow and ,-_ mode scheduling functions are performed with the CalPak system. The ice storage controller provides all cooling storage operating modes associated with even the largest systems. It also Box 710, 101 West Sheffield Ave. Englewood NJ 07631-4880 201 569-0420 / 212 586-51

15、78 FAX: 201 569-7593 e-mail: or visit our web page at http:/ CALMAC You can bank on us. (Circle No. 5 on Reader Service Card) 2 ASHRAE Journal July, 1997 COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesPage 36: Heating Products Page S-9:

16、HVAC in Mexico by: Visual izi ng F u1 I -Scale Venti lati on Airflows By Gary Settles, Ph.D HVAC for Energy Showcase 1 9 By Sukhdev S. Mathaudhy P. E. . 27 . 5 Industry News 33 Products . 42 Advertising Index . Reader Service Card . 48A Messages From Sponsors: AR1 and ASHRAE . S-6 The State of HVAC

17、in Mexico Building Your Plant in Mexico By Michael M. Roberts . s-9 By Manuel Prez, P.E.; Phillip Rothstein, P.E.; and Abraham Marin elaren a s-74 . s-20 . S-27 Weather und HVAC Design in Mexico Show Floor Plan Chow Products . s-48 7he “schlieren” optical technique renders air currents visible witho

18、ut he need for smoke or other particles. Formerly suitable for only scale-model studies, this innovative approach to flow visua1izat;on can now be used at full scale. The cover photograph is a schlieren image of the human thermal plume of a teenage girl. The airflow within a I meter circle is visual

19、ized. Turn to Page 7 9 for an article by Gary S. Settles, Ph., Member ASHME, that describes how even larger schlieren photographc of full-scale HVAC airflows can now be taken. 7 COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesCOPYRIGHT Am

20、erican Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSTD-ASHRAE JOURN 37-7 VVA-ENGL I777 0757b50 0527935 353 M ASHRAE and the Electronic World n June of 1995, ASHRAE launched its Home Page on the World Wide Web (MW) and its growth has been breath- taking.

21、 The first ASHRAE web page resided on a Galacticom Bulletin Board with a www interface that was relatively lim- W;ll;am R. Coker ited in service. Six months later ASHRAE moved thehome Journal Editor page to a BSD-Unix server which allowed for automatic mailing and provided a link for the Home Page t

22、o FTP site. The File Transfer Protocol (FP) site enables members to move complete computer files of documents from the ASHRAE server to their own computers - quickly and easily. One of the first applications used by ASHRAE for this technology was to make available at no cost to the user the first pu

23、blic review draft of Standard 62- 1989R “Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality.” More than 4,204 copies were downloaded in four months, allowing members and other concerned interests within the industry to participate in the development of this standard. ASHRAEs Home Page, actually a complet

24、e on-line service called ASHRAE OnLine, averaged 2,000 hits or file transfers a day during its first year. By October of 1996, it had grown to 4,500 “hits” a day. Today it is averaging 5,700 “hits” a day and still climbing. Visitors can search ASHRAE work statements to bid on research projects, find

25、 the scopes and purposes of all ASHRAE standards, download drafts of any ASHRAE standard out or public review, find the latest industry news, review meeting programs, and change their ASHRAE membership address. From the ASHRAE site, there are links to ASHRAE chapters with home pages, other industry

26、sites, and to the home pages of industry suppliers. The next step is to switch to an NT Secure Server that will handle credit card encryption. That will enable ASHRAE members and others to securely use credit cards, to order and pay for publications or register for meetings. Along with ASHRAE OnLine

27、, the Society has also moved steadily forward offering a full range of computer-based products. ASHRAE now offers all of the papers presented at ASHRAE meetings on text- searchable CDs. Last year, the first of the ASHRAE Handbook CDs was issued. This first effort included the 1995 HVAC Applications

28、Handbook and 1996 HVAC Systems and Equipment (in inch-pound units only). The next HandbookCD will include these two volumes plus the 1997 Fundamentals. Other ASHRAE CD prod- ucts include a disc that provides full text of all articles published by ASHRAE in its research journal and the BACnetCD, an e

29、lectronic version of ASI-IRAES Standard 135-1995 “BACnetTM - A Data Communication Protocol for Building Automation and Control Networks.” It is evident that ASHRAE is rapidly moving towards meeting the evolving information needs of its membership through electronic means. In the future, ASHRAE OnLin

30、e may be the Societys primary communication vehicle - to some members it is already - and the growing delivery of information in computer read- able form on CDs and floppies has changed the very idea of what a “publication.” Beginning July 1, I will shift gears to guide the further development of AS

31、HRAE OnLine as its editor. I will keep one foot on the printed page by remaining as senior editor of ASHRAE Journal and editor of ASHRAE Insights. But the home page will be the major focus of my efforts, and I look forward to being part of this com- munication revolution as ASHRAE reinvents how its

32、communicates with its mem- bers and perhaps most importantly, ASHRAE members reinvent how they communicate with each through ASHRAE. An exciting future is in store for us. Fred Turner takes over as editor and will write the column for this space in the August issue. Fred has been the Journals managi

33、ng editor, and I leave it in good hands. He has done an outstanding job reporting on news in our industry and in our Society, and we will continue to work together as we move much of the Journals printed content online. July, 1997 COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC Engineers

34、Licensed by Information Handling ServicesSTD-ASHRAE JOURN 37-7 VVA-ENGL 1777 W 0757b50 052773b 27T W CEOs Urge US. To Stay Course On HCFC Issue ARLNGTON, Va.-The chief executives of 55 companies are asking the U.S. De- partment of State to continue its opposi- tion to a proposal from the European Un

35、ion to aiter both the production cap and phaseout timetable for HCFC refrigerants. In a joint letter to Timothy E. Wirth, undersecretary for Global Affairs, the HVAC:. 1 4Mos. 96 Category Nonresidential Building $33,867 $33,943 Residential Building 45,045 46,072 Nonbuilding Construction 21,869 20,91

36、2 Total Construction $100,781 $100,927 Percent Change -0- -2 +5 -0- Construction Picks Up Pace JEW YORK-The value of new construction contracts increased 1% in April to an annualized $330.9 billion, according to F.W. lodge, a business unit of the McGraw-Hill Construction Infor- nation Group. Greater

37、 activity was shown by public works +8%) and nonresidential building (+5%), while the housing sec- or (-4%) retreated for the second consecutive month. Nonresidential building, at an annualized $1 14.9 billion, in- :reased 5% in April. Many sectors experienced growth: wase- louses up i3%, offices up

38、 6%, and stores up 2%. Manufacturing, ueled by a $300 million steel mill in Indiana, surged 34%. Institutional categories provided a mixed picture. Healthcare dding fell 9%, and school construction dropped 7% despite :rowing demand for classroom space. Recreation projects :urged 27%, led by the star

39、t of $250 million baseball stadium r the Milwaukee Brewers. dew Standard, From Page 6 Martin, who developed the California Energy Commis- ;ions Appliance Efficiency Regulations, says he thinks the .est methods could lead to a rating system, like the Federal Sovernments Energy StarTM program, or be u

40、sed in perfor- nance specifications by those purchasing os leasing equip- nent. “The first step is to develop a nationally accepted -ating standard,” he said. “YOU cant develop rating systems, 3erformance specifications, or minimum efficiency regula- ions without such a rating standard.” “The report

41、 is titled Refrigerated Vending Machines: Over- looked Devices Hold Opportunities for Efficiency, New Ser- vices. For more information, contact E Source at 303-440- 3500 or July, 1997 COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesHandb

42、ook Revisions Cover New Technologies ASHRAE handbooks have provided up- to-date information on HVAC motor i5 cooled by continuous er Turbine Company, Broadest range of gas flow for longer motor and bearing pressures (to 83” WC) and life. Sealed external electrical . _-, . volumes (to 240,000 CFH). c

43、onnections to motor. TEL 800-2324321 + 860-688-8361 + F (Circle No. 8 on Reader Service Card) July, 1997 ASH RAE Journal 9 COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSTD-ASHRAE JOURN 37-7 VVA-ENGL 1777 0757b50 0527740 710 values repr

44、esent the same probability of occurrence anywhere in the world, re- gardless of the seasonal distribution of extreme conditions through the year.” Energy Calculation The chapter on energy calculations was “redone from scratch” to reflect the great strides made in computer tools. Jan beider, Member A

45、SHRAE, subcom- mittee chairman for TC 4.7, said the chapter now has state-of-the-art algo- rithms for building energy calculations for the first time in one place. The revised chapter is an outgrowth of two main research projects: Prepara- tion of a Tool Kit for Primary HVAC Energy Calculations (W-6

46、65), and Preparation of a Tool Kit for Secondary HVAC Energy Calculations (RP-629). Also used were other ASHRAE research projects, such as RP666 on thermal ground coupling. A third research project (RP-907) should be completed in December, 1999 and cover building load calculations. The chapter is or

47、ganized into three main sections: Component Models, Sys- tem Models, and Applications the system section covers assembled systems; and inverse models covers pre- dictions of energy use in the future, or energy use after energy-conservation measures are installed. Although most calculation methods re

48、quire computers to calculate annual energy consumption, the TC has re- tained classical methods, such as the variable base degree method, because of their broad use in the HVAC design community. Moisture Migration Also changed are the chapters on thermal and moisture control. Anton TenWolde, Member

49、ASHRAE, sub- committee chairman for TC 4.4, Ther- mal Insulation and Moisture Retarders, said the moisture control section has been rewritten and the title has been changed. TenWolde said previous section was AIR CURTAINS HELP TO MAINTAIN A MORE STABLE BUILDING ENVIRONMENT. HERES HOW. Reduces building heating and cooling costs. Increases employee comfort levels. Improves indoor air quality levels. Eliminates entrance of cold drafts. L providing an unobstructed view. IJSTALLATIONS INCLUDE Manufacturing