ASHRAE JOURN 39-5 MGCE-1997 ASHRAE Journal (Volume 39 Number 5 May 1997)《ASHRAE日报第39卷第5号 1997年5月》.pdf

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1、SHRAE SRCH JOURN 37-5 MGCE-ENGL. 1777 U759b50 U527707 b27 COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSTDaASHRAE SRCH JOURN 39-5 MGCE-ENGL 1777 M 0757b50 O (Circle No. 1 on Reader Service Card) 527708 5b3 I Heres news thats bound to b

2、e the talk of the industry. The Metsys Facility Management System can now control systems from Honey- well, Robertshaw, Barber- Colman and Landis text messaging and numeric paging to receive messages; and our unique Nextel digital two-way radio feature. With Nextei irect Connect)M a irect Connect, a

3、 single button lets you reach one, three or all of your co-workers instantly, then talk for a fraction of the cost of cellular. Find out NWEL how easily we can custorniLe a Nextel system to the needs of you and your workers. Youll feel a lot lighter. GET SMART. GET NEXTEL. (Circie No. 6 on Reader Se

4、rviceCard) 01997 Nextel Couniation. AI1 rights reserved. Nextel, the Nextel iogo, Nextel Direct Connect and Qet Smart. Eet Nextel. COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling Services IRN 17-5 MGCE-ENGL 3777 0757650 0527733 72Q PI Page 7 I: S

5、pecial ISH Report Page 66: Tunnel on Tour . 6 Washington Report . 26 Technology QU 28 30 Stan dards 76 People 1 78 Products . 79 Literature . 81 Classified Advertising 82 Advertising Index 88 Reader Service Card . 88A Industry News . i . 11 Meetings and Shows Maintaining Gas Cooling Equipment By J .

6、 Douglas Rector . 33 Thermal Storage Using Form-Stable Phase-Change Materials By M . Tashfeen Syed, Ph.D.; Sunil Kumar, Ph.D.; M . Karim Moallemi, Ph.D.; and Mehdi N . Naraghi, Ph.D. . 45 Reliable. Efficient Systems for Biomedical Research Facility By Peter Basso. PE 52 BACnet“ : Issues and Answers

7、. 59 ASHRAE Annual Meeting Preview . 66 ASHRAE Technical Program . 67 Filters: A Roundup of Available Products . 73 Properly maintained gas cooling equipment. such as the large absorption chillers shown on cover, will operate trouble-free and at maximum efficiency . J . Douglas Rector, senior prod-

8、uct manager for absorption equipment at Carrier, outlines maintenance requirements and potential piffalls in an article that stark on Page 33 . MAY 1997 VOLUME 39 NUMB 5 COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling Services37-5 MGCE-ENGL 1797

9、E 0757b50 0527714 Bb? William R. Coker Journal Editor Global Interaction Provides Strength and Purpose he Sixth Clima conference cosponsored by ASHRAE will take place Aug. 30 - T Sept. 2 in Brussels, Belgium. Clima 2000 now operates on a 4-year cycle to present a broad global view of the scientific

10、and technological progress in the heat- ing, refrigerating, ventilation and air-conditioning field. The intent of the confer- ence is to present a synthesis of recent scientific and technological advances in the HVAC HVAC Applications in Commercial and Community Buildings; HVAC Applications in Indus

11、trial and Agricultural Buildings; Energy and Environ- ment; Control and Management; Refrigeration; Building Physics: Envelope and Interactions with WAC; Modeling and Experimental Approaches; HVAC Systems and Components; and Software Demonstrations. Additional information on the conference will be fo

12、und on Page 33 of this issue. As a cosponsor of Clima 2000, ASHRAE supports the goals and objectives of the conference. ASHRAE President James E. Hill, Ph.D., has noted that ASHRAE is moving to create stronger relationships with the global engineering community and its 44 associate societies and has

13、 formed a Committee of International Associ- ate Society Representatives. Through this committee, ASHRAE hopes to develop joint activities to advance HVAC the automation The ASHRAE committee charged with maintaining BAC- level is for exchange of information net is working on documents that facilitat

14、e its specification. among controllers; and the field level “You just cant say you want the system to be BACnet com- specifies protocols for use by applica- patible. That is meaningless,” said Newman. “What you need tion specific controllers and equip- to say is what subset of BACnet capability is r

15、equired for a ment like “smart” sensors and given building function? What BACnet messages do I need to actuators. While CEN has proposed use? What BACnet messages will permit trending, graphics, more than one protocol for each level, alarms, time of day schedules? What a designer needs to know BACne

16、t is the only protocol proposed for multiple levels, is if1 have this type of hierarchy in my building, if I have these namely the management and automation levels. VAV boxes, if I have some general purpose controllers, and if According to Newman, another big advantage for BACnet I have a bunch of P

17、C workstations, how do I implement these acceptance over other protocols is that it functions at the field See BACnet, Page 7 7 levei as well even though CEN did not recognize it there. 12 ASHRAE Journal May, 1997 Vice Chairman Steve Bushby (C) celebrate BACnefS cessful global introduction with coll

18、eague Reiner Lins of Honeywell AG. levels,” N said. One obstacle faced by BACnet in gaining widespread accep- Mike Newman COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSTD.ASHRAE SRCH JOURN 37-5 MGCE-ENGL 1797 88 0751b5U U527721 TT7 111

19、 HVAC 32-bit field controllers; and rapid BACnet-over- ARCnet“ communications at the field bus level. For complete information, contact an authorized Automated Logic dealer or our headquarters. Our thinkings outside the box! I 150 Roberts Boulevard Kennesaw, Georgia 30 I44 77O429-3000 Fax 770/429-30

20、0 I http:/www.automated Q 1996 Automated Log c Corporation Automated Logic the Automated Logic logo and EIKON are reg nered trademarks offirnomated Logic Corporation fill other mark are tadernark, or regirtered trademark of the r rerpec?ive owners (Circle No. 16 on Reader Service Card) May, 1997 AS

21、HRAE Journal 15 COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSTD-ASHRAE SRCH JOURN 31-5 MGCE-ENGL 1777 075765U 052772q 7Ub m HVAC Gram, which displayed a new series of modular cold rooms; and Maneurop (exhibiting on the Danfoss stand),

22、 which launched its Performer scroll compressor series. One of the major topics of conversation in Birmingham was the reduction in the new supermarket building program, fol- lowing 4-5 years of high activity. Its implications for the con- tracting industry are of great concern, but those in the know

23、 said that this could be more than offset by the phenomenal growth in retail sector air conditioning. With the HCFC phaseout gathering pace, and the replace- ment, HFCs, already under concerted attack hom the “green See Supermarket, Page 20 Every PATO HVAC pump aesigned and built with emphasis on en

24、ergy efficiency, low installation costs, low operating costs and ease of maintenance. HVAC pump sizes range from 2” to 30”, with volumes up to 60,000 GPM and heads to 500 ft. 800 KooGey Road Brookchire, Ti 77423 Tel 1-800-955-5847 Fax 1-800-945-4777 http:www.paco- (Circle No. 12 on Reader Service Ca

25、rd) May, 1997 ASH RAE JO u rnal 19 COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSTD.ASHRAE SRCH JOURN 37-5 MGCE-ENGL w7 rn 075qb511 052772a 351, m Demand for Refrigeration tquipment To Continue CLEVELAND-A new market research study say

26、s US. demand for commercial refrigeration equipment is expected to rise by nearly 5% annually to $6.3 billion in 2001, based primarily on steady gains in food and beverage shipments. Demand also will benefit from continuing efforts by end users to replace or convert equip- ment which uses CFCs as re

27、frigerants. The study, Commercial Reffigeration Equipment, was published by The Freedonia Group, a Cleveland-based market research firm. The 16 1 -page re- port is available for $3,100 (phone 216- 921-6800 or e-mail - ). Highlights of the report show: The strongest growth will occur in the food serv

28、ice market. As prepared food consumption is expected to rise fast- er than total food consumption, the busi- ness climate for end users in this sector, particularly fast-service chains, will be favorable to expansion. In addition to new restaurants, these end users will con- tinue to move into nontr

29、aditional loca- tions such as gas stations, kiosks, etc. The largest end-use market is the food retail sector. This market will exhib- it below average growth due to the fact that most of these end users have convert- ed to CFC-free equipment. Growth will be supported by increasing consumption of fr

30、ozen foods and produce, the expan- sion of food retailing to drug stores and other outlets, and supermarket attempts to offer consumers prepared meals. Transportation reffigeration equip- ment will remain the most important prod- uct, with shipments of $1.2 billion in 1996. Shipments will be buoyed

31、by rising levels of international trade and increasing con- sumption of exotic produce. Shipments of commercial equipment parts will post the strongest gains in the industry. This per- formance will rest on persistent need of most end users to convert CFC equipment to alternative refiigerants. (Circ

32、le No. 14 on Reader Service Card) 20 ASH RAE J ou rn a I May, 1997 COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling Services- STD.ASHRAE SRCH JOURN 39-5 MGCE-ENGL L777 0759b50 0527729 296 E Gas Engines Drive System For NH-L Rink LONG BEACH, Calif-

33、Home ice for the International Hockey Leagues Ice Dogs is provided by a customized natural gas en- gine-driven compressor system, the first in- stallation for naural gas engines permitted at an ice rink under guidelines by Califor- nias South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAMD). The rink i

34、s also the first in the US. rink, built to NHL specifica- tions, that uses namal gas equipment to make ice for a skating surface. The refrigeration system consists of three six-cylinder R-22 compressors, each driven by a natural gas-fueled Cat- erpillar G3306 NA engine rated at 149 hp (1 11 kW) at 1

35、,800 rpm. Beneath the arenas 6 in. (1 5 cm) concrete floor are 12 miles (19 km) of .5 in. (1.3 cm)poly- urethane piping filled with a medium of calcium chloride. 149-hp engines drive R-22 compressors. Ray Blanton, chief engineer for the are- na, says the 210-ton (739 kW) capacity ice- making system

36、is working well, although there are routiie maintenance issues that must be addressed. A spokesperson for the Long Beach Gas Department said the sys- tem is expected to save about $27,000 a year when compared to the cost of operat- ing an electricity-powered system. Quickdraft Exhausters, Draft Indu

37、cers Quickdraft exhausters remove corrosive, adhesive or explosive fumes, promote longer service life. Draf inducers provide clean accu mutation. Safe to 20OOOF. All units are designed (Circle No. 24 on Reader Service Card) May, 1997 ELECTRONIC FLOWHO DIRECT DIGITAL READOUT 0-2500 CFM AUTOMATICALLY

38、CORRECTS FOR AIR DENSITY Fax 312/738-0415. LI Metraflex 2323 W. Hubbard St., Chicago, IL 60612 i997 The Metraflex Company (Circle No. 15 on Reader Service Card) May, 1997 COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSTD.ASHRAE SRCH JOU

39、RN 37-5 MGCE-ENGL 1777 W 0757b50 0527732 882 W ASHRAE Addressing Issues On Multidisciplinary Standards he Presidential Ad Hoc Committee on Multidisciplinary ance has preempted the key criteria of technical competence and T Standards is developing recommendations to reduce the professional integrity.

40、 Another feels there are voting members complex of multidisciplinary ASHRAE standards und resolve now who represent interests that are best served if the standard conflicts beforepublic review, The committee was appointed in theyre working on never sees the light of day. He believes January by ASHRA

41、E President James Hill, Ph.D., partly in re- ASHRAEs traditional procedures are based on the assumption sponse to thepublic reviews ofASHRAE Standard YO. IR, which that all participants are professionals and honestly working generated more than 19,000 comments, and towards a consensus, and he sees t

42、hat assumption ASHRAE Standard 62R, which drew more breaking down with multidisciplinary standards. than 8,000 comments. Another concern is the impact of larger com- The Ad Hoc committee is chaired by David mittees. Will the process then be slower due to L. Grumman, un ASHRAE Fellow who has more peo

43、ple to manage, etc.? Or will the pro- chaired the Standards Committee at two d$ cess be faster because consensus is achieved ferent times, A current member of the Tech- earlier, during development rather than public nology Council, he also has chaired the review? Finally, what are the implications o

44、f Charter andByluws Committee andserved on larger committees on ASHRAEs and individu- the Research and Technical, Finance and als financial resources? Environmental Health committees. Other Charge to Project Committees/ The members are Lee M Burgett, Donald G. Col- Standards Development Process live

45、r, Rita M Harrold, George A. Jackins, and C. Curtis Mann. Comments were made that the project com- They recently met ut ASHRAE headquarters mittees havent received adequate guidance in Atlanta where Grumman was interviewed from the higher levels of ASHRAE. Project on the issues the committee is disc

46、ussing. The committees are given a purpose and scope at the committee will meet at least once more, then Standards Committee level, but other than submit its recommendations to the Executive informal input by the Standards Committee Committee of the ASHRAE Board ofDirectors liaison, thats about it.

47、Should it have been just David L. Glumman Chairs at the Annual Meeting in June. many comments and suggestions om ASHRAE members and others concerned about ASHRAE k multidisciplinary standards. The issues raisedfall into about eight categories, said Grumman. Here, he discusses these issue categories.

48、 The comments were gleanedpom the interview andpom a pre-meeting memo Grum- man sent to his committee. The memo discussed euch issue in the context of the comments, which in turn were summarized in a sep- arate listing by issue cutegory. Project Committee Membership More comments were received in th

49、is area than any other. Some say that ASHRAE has been writing what it calls consen- sus standards without some materially affected interests having a vote, even though they have the opportunity to comment. A lot of people have suggested that ASHRAE ought to allow organi- zational memberships. Although this would be a departure from ASHRAEs “act-as-an-individual” committee membership tra- dition, theres some feeling that if all affected parties are at the table, that will automatically take care of many of the pro