ASHRAE 116-2010 Methods of Testing for Rating Seasonal Efficiency of Unitary Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps《单一式空调和热泵的季节热效率评级用试验方法》.pdf

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1、ASHRAE STANDARDANSI/ASHRAE Standard 116-2010(Supersedes ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 116-1995 RA 2005)Methods of Testing for Rating SeasonalEfficiency of UnitaryAir Conditioners and Heat PumpsApproved by the ASHRAE Standards Committee on January 23, 2010; by the ASHRAE Board of Directors onJanuary 27, 2010;

2、 and by the American National Standards Institute on February 24, 2010. ASHRAE Standards are scheduled to be updated on a five-year cycle; the date following the standard numberis the year of ASHRAE Board of Directors approval. The latest edition of an ASHRAE Standard may be pur-chased on the ASHRAE

3、 Web site (www.ashrae.org) or from ASHRAE Customer Service, 1791 Tullie Circle,NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-2305. E-mail: ordersashrae.org. Fax: 404-321-5478. Telephone: 404-636-8400(worldwide) or toll free 1-800-527-4723 (for orders in US and Canada). For reprint permission, go towww.ashrae.org/permission

4、s. Copyright 2010 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.ISSN 1041-2336American Society of Heating, Refrigeratingand Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.1791 Tullie Circle NE, Atlanta, GA 30329www.ashrae.orgASHRAE STANDARDS COMMITTEE 20092010Steven T. Bushby, Chai

5、rH. Michael Newman, Vice-ChairRobert G. BakerMichael F. BedaHoy R. Bohanon, Jr.Kenneth W. CooperK. William DeanMartin DieryckxAllan B. FraserKatherine G. HammackNadar R. JayaramanByron W. JonesJay A. KohlerCarol E. MarriottMerle F. McBrideFrank MyersJanice C. PetersonDouglas T. ReindlLawrence J. Sch

6、oenBoggarm S. SettyBodh R. SubherwalJames R. TaubyJames K. VallortWilliam F. WalterMichael W. WoodfordCraig P. WrayWayne R. Reedy, BOD ExOThomas E. Watson, COStephanie Reiniche, Manager of StandardsSPECIAL NOTEThis American National Standard (ANS) is a national voluntary consensus standard developed

7、 under the auspices of the AmericanSociety of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). Consensus is defined by the American National StandardsInstitute (ANSI), of which ASHRAE is a member and which has approved this standard as an ANS, as “substantial agreement reached bydirec

8、tly and materially affected interest categories. This signifies the concurrence of more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity.Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that an effort be made toward their resolution.” Compliance with thisstandard is voluntary

9、 until and unless a legal jurisdiction makes compliance mandatory through legislation.ASHRAE obtains consensus through participation of its national and international members, associated societies, and public review.ASHRAE Standards are prepared by a Project Committee appointed specifically for the

10、purpose of writing the Standard. The ProjectCommittee Chair and Vice-Chair must be members of ASHRAE; while other committee members may or may not be ASHRAE members, allmust be technically qualified in the subject area of the Standard. Every effort is made to balance the concerned interests on all P

11、rojectCommittees. The Manager of Standards of ASHRAE should be contacted for:a. interpretation of the contents of this Standard,b. participation in the next review of the Standard,c. offering constructive criticism for improving the Standard, ord. permission to reprint portions of the Standard.DISCL

12、AIMERASHRAE uses its best efforts to promulgate Standards and Guidelines for the benefit of the public in light of available information andaccepted industry practices. However, ASHRAE does not guarantee, certify, or assure the safety or performance of any products, components,or systems tested, ins

13、talled, or operated in accordance with ASHRAEs Standards or Guidelines or that any tests conducted under itsStandards or Guidelines will be nonhazardous or free from risk.ASHRAE INDUSTRIAL ADVERTISING POLICY ON STANDARDSASHRAE Standards and Guidelines are established to assist industry and the publi

14、c by offering a uniform method of testing for ratingpurposes, by suggesting safe practices in designing and installing equipment, by providing proper definitions of this equipment, and by providingother information that may serve to guide the industry. The creation of ASHRAE Standards and Guidelines

15、 is determined by the need for them,and conformance to them is completely voluntary.In referring to this Standard or Guideline and in marking of equipment and in advertising, no claim shall be made, either stated or implied,that the product has been approved by ASHRAE.ASHRAE Standard Project Committ

16、ee 116Cognizant TC: TC 8.11, Unitary and Room Air Conditioners and Heat PumpsSPLS Liaison: Allan Fraser*Denotes members of voting status when the document was approved for publicationJohn M. Talbott, Chair (20072010)* Byron F. Horak*David R. Tree, Chair (20042006)* Sarah A. MedepalliEric Berg* Micha

17、el E. Shows*Brian P. Dougherty* Michael W. Woodford* American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior

18、written permission.CONTENTSANSI/ASHRAE Standard 116-2010Methods of Testing for Rating Seasonal Efficiencyof Unitary Air Conditioners and Heat PumpsSECTION PAGEForeword. 21 Purpose 22 Scope . 23 Definitions and Nomenclature 24 Classifications. 35 Instruments and Data Acquisition Systems 36 Apparatus

19、. 107 Methods of Test 118 Test Procedure . 159 Data Analysis 1810 Calculation for Seasonal Efficiency Ratios . 2111 References . 35Appendix A: Example Bin Calculations. 36Appendix B: Bibliography 46NOTEWhen addenda, interpretations, or errata to this standard have been approved, they can be download

20、ed free of charge from the ASHRAE Web site at http:/www.ashrae.org. Copyright 2010 American Society of Heating,Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.1791 Tullie Circle NEAtlanta, GA 30329www.ashrae.orgAll rights reserved. American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning En

21、gineers, Inc. (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.2 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 116-2010(This foreword is not part of this standard. It is merelyinformative

22、and does not contain requirements necessaryfor conformance to the standard. It has not been pro-cessed according to the ANSI requirements for a stan-dard and may contain material that has not been subjectto public review or a consensus process. Unresolvedobjectors on informative material are not off

23、ered theright to appeal at ASHRAE or ANSI.)FOREWORDASHRAE Standard 116 was developed to provide uniformmethods of testing for rating the seasonal efficiency of unitaryair conditioners and heat pumps used in residential applica-tions. It was first published in 1983, revised in 1995, and reaf-firmed i

24、n 2005. This revision of the standard improves thealignment with related ASHRAE and ARI standards, espe-cially ASHRAE Standard 37; Sections 6.6 through 6.13 fromStandard 116-1995 (RA 2005) have been deleted and replacedby sections that refer the user to corresponding sections inStandard 37-2005. In

25、addition, the revised Standard 116incorporates mandatory language throughout, adds theASHRAE map of climate zones for US locations, updates ref-erences, and makes various editorial improvements.1. PURPOSEThis standard provides test methods and calculationalprocedures for determining the capacities a

26、nd coolingseasonal efficiency ratios for unitary air-conditioning and heatpump equipment and heating seasonal performance factors forheat pump equipment.2. SCOPE2.1 This standard covers electrically driven, air-cooled airconditioners and heat pumps used in residential applicationswith cooling capaci

27、ty of 65,000 Btu/h and less or, in the caseof heating-only heat pumps, heating capacity of 65,000 Btu/hand less.2.2 The methods of test in this standard are broadly appli-cable, but this standard provides cooling and heating hours intemperature bins for only the contiguous states of the conti-nental

28、 USA.2.3 This standard includes test methods for steady-state,cyclic, and part-load performance and methods for establish-ing seasonal performance. Equipment with single-speed,multiple-speed, variable-speed, unloading, or multiple com-pressors for ducted and ductless systems is included.2.4 This sta

29、ndard does not apply to room air conditioners. SeeASHRAE Standards 16 and 58 in Appendix B, Bibliography.3. DEFINITIONS AND NOMENCLATUREair-conditioning systems:cooling (heating) air-conditioning system: specific air-treating combination that may consist of means for venti-lation, air circulation, h

30、umidity control, air cleaning, andheat transfer, with controlled means for cooling (heating).single package air-conditioning system: air-condition-ing system consisting of equipment provided entirely inone assembly or enclosure.split air-conditioning system: air-conditioning systemconsisting of equi

31、pment provided in more than oneassembly or enclosure, usually with supply air distribu-tion equipment housed separately from refrigerantcondensing equipment.air, standard (I-P): dry air having a mass density of0.075 lbm/ft3.ARI: Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute.bin: in the bin method, a

32、statistical class (sometimes, a classinterval) for outdoor air temperature, with the class limitsexpressed in a temperature unit.bin method: energy calculation method, usually used inprediction, in which the annual (or monthly) energy use of abuilding is calculated as the sum of the energy used for

33、all ofthe outdoor temperature bins. The bin method allows heatpump (or other heater or cooler) performance, which is differ-ent for each bin, to be accounted for.capacity, air conditioner, latent (dehumidifying): availablesteady-state refrigerating capacity of an air conditioner forremoving latent h

34、eat from the space to be conditioned (Btu/h).capacity, air conditioner, sensible: available steady-staterefrigerating capacity of an air conditioner for removing sensi-ble heat from the space to be conditioned (Btu/h).capacity, air conditioner, total: available capacity of an airconditioner for remo

35、ving sensible and latent heat from thespace to be conditioned (Btu/h).capacity, heating: the rate at which the equipment adds heatto the air passing through it under specified conditions of oper-ation (Btu/h).coefficient of performance, heating (COP): ratio of the rateof heat delivered to the condit

36、ioned space to the rate of energyinput, in consistent units, for a complete operating heat pumpsystem or some specific portion of that system under desig-nated operating conditions. Derived by the equations in 9.2.3and 9.2.4.coil, indoor: the heat exchanger that removes heat from oradds heat to the

37、conditioned space.coil, outdoor: the heat exchanger that rejects heat to or absorbsheat from a source external to the conditioned space.cooling load factor (CLF): ratio of the cooling building loadto the steady-state cooling capacity (derived by the equation in9.2.2). American Society of Heating, Re

38、frigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 116-2010 3degradation coefficient (CD): fact

39、or of efficiency loss due tothe cycling of the unit. It is the effect of reduction in perfor-mance under cyclic operation as derived by the equations in9.2.2 and 9.2.4.energy:(a) capability for doing work.(b) capacity for producing an effect, having severalforms, which may be either stored or transi

40、ent andcan be transformed from one form into another.energy-efficiency ratio, cooling (EER): ratio of net coolingcapacity in Btu/h to the total rate of electric input in watts,under designated operating conditions.equilibrium: for the purposes of this standard, equilibrium isa steady-state condition

41、 during which the fluctuations of vari-ables being measured remain within stated limits as given inSection 8.heat, latent: change of enthalpy during a change of phase(Btu/h).heat, sensible: heat that causes a change in temperature (Btu/h).heat pump, cooling and heating: system designed to utilizealt

42、ernately or simultaneously the heat extracted at a lowtemperature and the heat rejected at a higher temperature forcooling and heating functions, respectively.heating load factor (HLF): ratio of the heating building loadto the steady-state heating load (derived by the equation in9.2.4).heating seaso

43、nal performance factor (HSPF): ratio of thetotal heat delivered over the heating season (not to exceed 12months) to the total energy input over the heating season, inconsistent units. Derived by the equations in 10.2.pressure, standard barometric: Approximately 14.696 psi or29.921 in. Hg at 32F.seas

44、onal energy-efficiency ratio, cooling (SEER): ratio ofthe total heat removed, in Btu, during the normal period ofusage for cooling (not to exceed 12 months) to the total energyinput, in watt-hours, during the same period. Derived by equa-tions in 10.1.shall (“it is required“): used in standards and

45、regulations (as“shall“ or “shall not“) to indicate a provision that is mandatory.should (“it is recommended“): used in standards and regula-tions to indicate a provision that is not mandatory but that isrecommended as good practice.4. CLASSIFICATIONSUnitary equipment within the scope of this standar

46、d shallbe classified as follows:(a) Unit employing a compressor, indoor air coil, and outdoorcoil in a single package assembly.(b) Unit employing a compressor and indoor coil in oneassembly with remote outdoor coil.(c) Unit employing an indoor coil assembly, with outdoorcoil and compressor in anothe

47、r assembly.(d) Unit employing an indoor coil assembly, an outdoor coilassembly, and a compressor assembly.See also Tables 1 and 2.5. INSTRUMENTS ANDDATA ACQUISITION SYSTEMS5.1 Temperature-Measuring Instruments5.1.1 Temperature measurements shall be made with oneor more of the instruments discussed i

48、n ASHRAE Standard41.1, Standard Method for Temperature Measurement.15.1.2 All temperature measurement shall be made inaccordance with Tables 3a, 3b, and 3c, Test Tolerances.5.1.3 All air temperature measurements shall be made asindicated in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 by use of thermocouplegrids and samp

49、le temperature-measuring instruments.5.1.4 It is highly recommended that the same instrumen-tation be used for making both steady-state and non-steady(cyclic) test measurements.5.1.5 For non-steady-state test measurements, the instru-ments used shall have the following performance, or better:(a) Have a total system accuracy of 0.3F of indicatedvalue.(b) Have a total system response time of 2.5 seconds or less.The response time for this standard is defined as the timeTABLE 1 Classification of Unitary Air ConditionersTypes of Unitary Air-Source Air Conditioners Designation Sin