ARMY TB 43-0142-1997 SAFETY INSPECTION AND TESTING OF LIFTING DEVICES《提升装置的安全检验和测试》.pdf

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1、- 3535789 0723867 854 * TB 43-0142 TB43 - O1 42 TECH CAL Bu 111 II II II 111111111ll11111111111 Ill SAFETY INSPECTION AND TESTING OF LIFTING DEVICES This technical bulletin supersedes TB 43-0142, dated 30 August 1993, including all changes. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: Approved for public release; dist

2、ribution is unlimited. HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY REPRODUCEDBY U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NATIONAL TECHNICAL INFORMATION rnTiikipriri n SERVICE !ir, ?ic? 28 FEBRUARY 1997 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-= 3515787 0721868 77

3、0 * TB 43-0142 DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY TECHNICAL BULLETIN TECHNICAL BULLETIN SAFETY INSPECTION AND TESTING OF LIFTING DEVICES Headquarters, Department of the Army, Washington, DC 28 February 1997 REPORTING ERRORS AND RECOMMENDING IMPROVEMENTS You can help improve this manual. If you find any mistakes

4、, or if you know of a way to improve these procedures, please let us know. Mail your letter or DA Form 2028 (Recommended Changes to Publications and Blank Forms), or DA Form 2028-2 located in the back of this manual directly to: Commander, US Army Aviation and Troop Command, ATN: AMSAT-I-MP, 4300 Go

5、odfellow Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63120-1 798. You may also submit your recommended changes by E-mail directly to mpmt%avma28st-louis-emh7.army.mil. A reply will be furnished directly to you. Instructions for sending an electronic 2028 may be found at the back of this manual immediately preceding the ha

6、rd copy 2028. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited TABLE OF CONTENTS Paragraph Page Purpose . 1 . 2 Scope . 2 . 2 Requirements 4 . 3 Responsibilities . 5 . 5 Procedures 6 . 5 References 7 . 7 Definitions . 3 . 2 Appendix A. CRANES A-1 B. HOISTS . B-I C. SL

7、INGS . C-I D. TRUCKS, FORKLIFT . D-I E. JACKS AND STANDS . E-I * This technical bulletin supersedes TB 43-01 42, dated 30 August 1993, including all changes. 1 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TB 43-0142 3515789 0723869 627 D 1. PurpOS

8、e. This bulletin prescribes responsibilities, procedures, and guidance for implementing the requirements of the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) of 1970, as amended to date, to be used in the accomplishment of safety inspections and testing of lifting devices. NOTE When specific Department

9、of the Army (DA) inspection, load, and/or proof testing requirements have been published for designated lifting equipment, those requirements will take precedence over procedures in this bulletin. There may be instances where host nation Standards may apply. In those cases the more stringent standar

10、ds will be met. 2. Scope. This bulletin applies to Headquarters, Department of the Army Major Commands (Including subordinate commands, installations and activities) and separate installatlons and activities reporting directly to Headquarters, Department of the Army. 3. Definitions. For the purpose

11、of this publication, the following definitions apply: a. Liftina Devices. Any device or component used to raise, lower, hold, or position a load from one location or elevation to another. Examples of lifting devices include forklift trucks, cranes, manual or motorized pallet jacks, hoists, wreckers,

12、 A-frames, slings, ropes, wire ropes, hooks, O-rings, pear rings, spreader bars or lifting clamps, beams, jacks, safety stands, and jack stands. b. Liftina Fixtures . Any device or assembly of devices used to facilitate attachment of a load to a lifting device. Examples of lifting fixtures include a

13、n H-beam with nylon slings, wire rope with spreader bars or rope with lifting clamps. lifting device and the degree of exposure to wear, deterioration, or malfunction. c. Periodic. As related to inspections, a period of one year or less, based upon the nature of the NOTE On-vehicle equipment (jacks,

14、 winches, and towing equipment), commercial wreckers, and lifting devices that are a ”special application” part of weapons systems and covered by other technical manuals (TMs)(i.e., lifting slings beams that are part of a warhead section, .e., Pershing 1 A) are exempt from requirements of this bulle

15、tin when covered by specific TMs. d. Load Rating. The load rating is the maximum authorized load that may be lifted by a lifting device. The load rating may be less than or equal to, but shall not exceed the Manufacturers Rated Load. For fixtures, the smallest Manufacturers Rated Load component shal

16、l equal the fixtures rated load. e. Ma nufact urers Rated Load. The Manufacturers Rated Load is the maximum load that a piece of equipment and/or its accessories are allowed to lift; based on the equipments capacity data plate or other guidance from the manufacturer. f. Retrofit or Modification Work

17、 Orders MWOs). A publication or directive authorizing rework modification. g. Depot Maintena nce Work Requirements DMWRs). Precise criteria and definite instructions for the overhaul, repair, or reconditioning process and final operational test of equipment prior to the acceptance and certification

18、for placement in service. 2 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TB 43-0142 3545789 0721870 349 4. Requirements. NOTE A test load, when required by paragraph 4, may exceed the manufacturers rated load as much as the applicable percentage i

19、n Table 1. NOTE The requirements of Title 29, Code of Federal Regulations, Parts 191 5,191 7,191 8, and 191 9 take precedence over this bulletin for lifting devices used in maritime application. a. Testing. (1) Prior to initial use, all new, extensively repaired, or altered lifting devices shall be

20、given a rated load test. Manufacturers and repair activities should perform this test and provide written certification of load testing to the using activity. If load test certification is not obtained or available, using activities shall arrange for testing (refer to paragraph 4a(4), through Genera

21、l Support (GS) or Direct Support (DS) maintenance activities. Manufacturers certification or other records of rated load testing shall be maintained by the using activity. (2) Prior to initial use, all new, extensively repaired, or altered lifting devices shall be given a functional test to determin

22、e operability of the equipment. Functional testing requirements are indicated in the applicable appendix of this bulletin. Before performing the functional test, the proper opera,.m of brakes and limit, locking, and other safety devices shall be tested under no-load conditions. (3) Lifting devices w

23、hich have been idle for one year or more shall be functionally tested at 1 O0 percent of the rated load prior to use. (4) To determine the test load, refer to Table 1 unless other parameters are specified by the manufacturer. The load rating may be less than or equal to, but shall not exceed the Man

24、ufacturers Rated Load. For fixtures, the smallest Manufacturers Rated Load component shall equal the fixtures rated load. indicator, a calibrated dynamometer, weights that may be locally fabricated, or any available item of proper weight. All load testing devices, .e., load indicator and dynamometer

25、, shall have a valid calibration label affixed in a conspicuous place. All locally fabricated weights and available items used for load testing must be verified for proper weight by the use of a calibrated scale. locations corresponding to Manufacturers Rated Load data. rating chosen in (4) above. T

26、he load rating shall be clearly marked on the device. In addition, the load rating shall become a part of the maintenance records of the equipment in accordance with paragraph 6e. based on the type of materials handled, equipment utilization, local requirements or conditions, manufacturers recommend

27、ations, and special requirements. (a) Test loads for all types of cranes and hoists may take the form of a calibrated load (b) Test loads for forklift trucks should be made from pallet loads with load center (5) Upon successful completion of the load test, the lifting device will be assigned the loa

28、d (6) Preventive maintenance intervals and additional load testing may be established locally 3 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TB 43-0142 m 3535789 0721871 285 m Table 1. Load Testing Parameters Item Cranes, Mobile All Capacities Cra

29、nes, Fixed All Capacities Hoists, Powered or Manual All Capacities Forklift Trucks Jacks Metal Mesh Slings All Sizes Wire Rope* Wire Rope, Chain or Synthetic Web* Lifting Fixtures * All other Lifting Devices Test Load (Given as percentage of load rating) 11 0% 125% 110% 100% 100% 1 50% 200% 200% 1 O

30、OYO * When tested as an integral part of a lifting device which is listed When tested separately from other lifting device components. When the rope, chain, or synthetic web is easily removed from a fixture, it should be tested separately. elsewhere in this table, use the Maximum Test Load for that

31、device. * * b. Inspection. (1) Prior to initial use of all new, extensively repaired, or altered lifting devices, visual inspection shall be performed in accordance with the criteria specified in (2), below, and the applicable appendix under both daily and periodic inspection criteria. This inspecti

32、on shall be performed before, during, and after load testing (paragraph 4a). bulletin, applicable equipment TM, manufacturer?s recommendations, and the following minimum criteria: (2) All lifting devices shall be inspected in accordance with the applicable appendix of this NOTE Locally developed for

33、ms should be used to record the accomplish- ment of daily inspections. To provide operators of lifting equipment with daily safety inspection information, it is advisable to attach a card, placard,or other means of describing pertinent inspection criteria contained in the appendixes of this bulletin

34、. 4 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-W 3515789 0721872 111 = TB 43-0142 (a) Daily inspection of lifting devices shall be performed by the operator before use. Also, prior to use, lifting devices which have been idle for one month or mo

35、re, but less than six (6) months, will be given an inspection in accordance with daily inspection criteria, plus a thorough, documented inspection of wire ropes, crane hooks, and crane hoist chains in accordance with the criteria in Appendix A, paragraph A-2. Daily inspections should comply with the

36、 criteria specified in the appropriate technical manual for the device or the applicable appendix of this bulletin. Manufacturers manuals will also be used for commercial equipment as available. use such as hooks, wire ropes, brakes, and hoist chains. Operator or Unit Maintenance personnel who are t

37、echnically experienced and qualified may be designated to perform these inspections. Specific inspection requirements are indicated in Appendix A of this bulletin. OperatorCrew personnel, at least every twelve (1 2) months and prior to the use of lifting devices which have been idle for six (6) mont

38、hs or more. Periodic inspection criteria in the appropriate appendix, manufacturers documentation, and applicable equipment TMs shall be used to determine serviceability of the equipment. ammunition and explosives, molten metals, acids, strong caustics, and flammable and toxic materials shall includ

39、e a functional test. The periodic inspection and functional test procedures shall be repeated before handling any load heavier than that lifted in the last functional test. The heaviest load shall never exceed the load rating of the lifting device. maintenance record of the lifting device. Refer to

40、paragraph 6e. 5. Responslbilities. for overall supervision and management of the program. responsible for the inspection, testing, and maintenance of all authorized lifting devices which are authorized hisher command, and will designate the appropriate support activity to perform these services. c.

41、The Chief, Safety Office or the military equivalent, .e., safety officer, will assist/advise the commander and equipment manager in establishing programs for inspection and testing of lifting devices. perform daily inspections as required by paragraph 4.b.(2)(a). are secondary items when required by

42、 paragraph 4. These include hydraulic jacks, rings, hooks, spreader bars, ”A”-frames, lifting clamps, and inspection stands. 6. of lifting devices. permitted to test-operate powered materials handling equipment. thoroughly knowledgeable of standardized hand signals. (b) For cranes, monthly documente

43、d inspections shall be conducted on critical items in (c) Periodic inspections shall be conducted by Unit Maintenance personnel, assisted by (d) Periodic inspections of lifting devices for handling hazardous materials such as (e) Inspection and test results, excluding daily inspections, shall become

44、 part of the a. The director of Installations and Services, Headquarters, and Major Commands, is responsible b. The commander of each DA Major Subordinate Command (MSC), installation, and activity is d. Immediate supervisors of operations that use the lifting devices shall assure that the operators

45、e. The Operator and/or Unit level of maintenance may inspect and test tool set components that Procedures. At the installation level, the equipment manager shall: a. Ensure that only qualified personnel are assigned to the inspection, testing, and maintenance b. Ensure that test operators are carefu

46、lly selected, and thoroughly trained before they are c. Ensure that signalmen/operator helpers, or personnel supervising load test lifts, are 5 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TB 43-0142 3515789 0721873 O58 d. Ensure that maintenance,

47、 inspection, and testing programs are initiated and conducted for all lifting devices in accordance with the requirements of this publication, or the applicable Department of the Army technical publications for special type or special use lifting devices, when appropriate. Tool set components such a

48、s hydraulic jacks, rings, hooks, spreader bars, “A-frames, and lifting clamps are considered secondary items and their inspection and testing (when required by paragraph 4) may be accomplished at the Unit Maintenance level. (Testing will be accomplished by support maintenance when units are unable t

49、o because of lack of equipment or expertise.) accordance with DA Pam 738-750. Monthly (cranes only) and periodic inspections, and required tests should be scheduled on DD Form 314 (Preventive Maintenance Schedule and Record), or through Automatic Data Processing (ADP). The records should include: (1) Nomenclature of the lifting device, including manufacturers rated load. (2) Identifying marks, i. e., serial number, date of