AGMA 6115-A13-2013 Power Rating of Single and Double Helical Gearing for Rolling Mill Service (Metric Edition).pdf

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1、ANSI/AGMA 6115-A13 ANSI/AGMA 6115-A13 Metric Edition of ANSI/AGMA 6015-A13 American National Standard Power Rating of Single and Double Helical Gearing for Rolling Mill Service (Metric Edition) AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/AGMA 6115-A13 AGMA 2013 All rights reserved ii Power Rating of Single and

2、Double Helical Gearing for Rolling Mill Service (Metric Edition) ANSI/AGMA 6115-A13 (Metric Edition of ANSI/AGMA 6015-A13) Approval of an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus and other criteria for approval have been met by the sta

3、ndards developer. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus require

4、s that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marke

5、ting, purchasing or using products, processes or procedures not conforming to the standards. The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authori

6、ty to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretation of this standard should be addressed to the American Gear Manufacturers Association. CAUTION NOTICE: AGMA technical publications are subject to constan

7、t improvement, revision or withdrawal as dictated by experience. Any person who refers to any AGMA Technical Publication should be sure that the publication is the latest available from the Association on the subject matter. Tables or other self-supporting sections may be referenced. Citations shoul

8、d read: See ANSI/AGMA 6115-A13, Power Rating of Single and Double Helical Gearing for Rolling Mill Service (Metric Edition), published by the American Gear Manufacturers Association, 1001 N. Fairfax Street, Suite 500, Alexandria, Virginia 22314, http:/www.agma.org. Approved September 23, 2013 ABSTRA

9、CT This standard specifies a method for rating the pitting resistance and bending strength of herringbone, double helical, and helical involute gear pairs as applied to metal rolling mills. Published by American Gear Manufacturers Association 1001 N. Fairfax Street, Suite 500, Alexandria, Virginia 2

10、2314 Copyright 2013 by American Gear Manufacturers Association All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 978-1-61481-

11、057-5 American National Standard AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/AGMA 6115-A13 AGMA 2013 All rights reserved iii Contents Foreword . v 1 Scope . 1 1.1 Applicability . 1 1.2 Rating formulae . 1 1.3 Limitations . 2 2 Normative references . 2 3 Definitions and symbols . 4 3.1 Definitions 4 3.2 Symbols

12、. 4 4 Design considerations 5 4.1 Momentary overloads 6 4.2 Loading 6 4.3 Pinion stands . 6 4.4 Relative hardness of gearing 7 5 Rating criteria . 7 5.1 Pitting resistance power rating 7 5.2 Pitting resistance of helical gears, PazR. 7 5.3 Bending strength power rating 7 5.4 Bending strength of heli

13、cal gears, PayR. 8 5.5 Service factor 8 6 Dynamic factor, Kv. 8 7 Load distribution factor, KHR. 8 7.1 Values for load distribution factor, KHR9 7.2 Face load distribution factor, KHR. 9 7.2.1 Lead correction factor, KHmcR10 7.2.2 Pinion proportion factor, KHpfR. 10 7.2.3 Pinion proportion modifier,

14、 KHpmR11 7.2.4 Mesh alignment factor, KHmaR11 7.2.5 Mesh alignment correction factor, KHe12 8 Allowable stress numbers, HPand FP12 8.1 Guide for case depth of surface hardened teeth . 22 8.1.1 Carburized and hardened teeth 23 8.1.2 Induction hardened teeth 23 8.1.3 Additional considerations 24 9 Str

15、ess cycle factors, ZNRand YNR. 24 9.1 Load cycles . 25 9.2 Stress cycle factors for pitting resistance, ZNR25 9.3 Stress cycle factor for bending strength, YNR26 10 Hardness ratio factor, ZW. 26 10.1 Through hardened pinions mating with through hardened gears . 27 10.2 Surface hardened pinions and t

16、hrough hardened gears 28 10.3 Surface hardened pinions and surface hardened gears . 28 11 Momentary overloads 28 11.1 Infrequent momentary overloads 28 11.2 Cyclical overloads . 29 12 Rim thickness factor, KBR. 29 13 Surface condition factor, pitting resistance, ZR30 14 Surface condition factor, too

17、th root bending, KTRF. 31 Annexes Annex A Typical rolling mill loading 32 Annex B Pinion and gear blank considerations 34 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/AGMA 6115-A13 AGMA 2013 All rights reserved iv Annex C Service factors 38 Annex D Initial shaft sizing 40 Annex E Housing bore alignment considera

18、tions . 42 Annex F Sample problems 43 Annex G Lead modification design and contact pattern verification . 46 Annex H Typical rolling mill drive arrangements . 50 Annex I Bearings . 54 Annex J Lubrication . 56 Annex K Condition monitoring and preventive maintenance 59 Annex L Bibliography 61 Tables T

19、able 1 - Symbols . 4 Table 2 - Empirical coefficients A, B, and C 11 Table 3 - Allowable contact stress number, HP, for steel gears . 13 Table 4 - Allowable bending stress number, FP, for steel gears 13 Table 5 - Metallurgical characteristics affecting the allowable contact stress number, HP, and al

20、lowable bending stress number, FPfor through hardened steel gears 14 Table 6 - Metallurgical characteristics affecting the allowable contact stress number, HP, and allowable bending stress number, FP, for carburized and hardened steel gears . 17 Table 7 - Metallurgical characteristics affecting the

21、allowable contact stress number, HP, and allowable bending stress number, FP, for induction hardened steel gears . 20 Table 8 - Surface condition factor, pitting resistance, ZR31 Table 9 - Surface condition factor, tooth root bending, KTRF. 31 Figures Figure 1 - Pinion proportion factor, KHpfR. 10 F

22、igure 2 - Evaluation of S and S1. 11 Figure 3 - Mesh alignment factor, KHmaR. 12 Figure 4 - Required hardening pattern for induction hardened teeth 14 Figure 5 - Minimum effective case depth, carburized and hardened teeth . 23 Figure 6 - Minimum effective case depth, induction hardened teeth 24 Figu

23、re 7 - Stress cycle factor, pitting resistance, ZNR25 Figure 8 - Stress cycle factor, bending strength, YNR26 Figure 9 - Hardness ratio factor, ZW27 Figure 10 - Rim thickness factor, KBR30 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/AGMA 6115-A13 AGMA 2013 All rights reserved v Foreword The foreword, footnotes

24、and annexes, if any, in this document are provided for informational purposes only and are not to be construed as a part of ANSI/AGMA Standard 6115-A13, Power Rating of Single and Double Helical Gearing for Rolling Mill Service (Metric Edition). The first AGMA standard for rolling mill gearing was A

25、GMA 323.01, October 1969, Helical and Herringbone Gearing for Rolling Mill Service. The first draft of this standard was prepared in December 1967. It was approved by the AGMA membership and became an official AGMA Standard in August 1969. In February 1979, the Mill Gearing Committee was reorganized

26、 to review the Standard and revise it in accordance with a proposed new standard for Rating the Pitting Resistance and Bending Strength of Spur and Helical Involute Gear Teeth. This new standard became AGMA 218.01 in December 1982. With AGMA 218.01 as a guide, the committee submitted the first draft

27、 of ANSI/AGMA 6005-B89 in 1984. It was approved by the AGMA membership in February 1989 and supersedes AGMA 323.01, Helical and Herringbone Gearing for Rolling Mill Service. In 2002, AGMA 6005 was withdrawn to facilitate the creation of an update based on the then current standard Rating the Pitting

28、 Resistance and Bending Strength of Spur and Helical Involute Gear Teeth, ANSI/AGMA 2101-C95. The purpose of ANSI/AGMA 6115-A13 is to provide a method for determining the power rating of gear sets used in main mill drives, pinion stands, and combination units for metal rolling mills. This standard w

29、as written to address the fundamental differences between typical enclosed drive applications and rolling mill applications. In June 2005 the Mill Gearing Committee began work on ANSI/AGMA 6115-A13 derived from ANSI/AGMA 2101-D04 and ANSI/AGMA 6005-B89. Changes to the standard include a method by wh

30、ich different gear tooth designs can be rated and compared at the extended life cycles typical for these applications. Face widths in excess of the 1016 mm limitation contained within previous standards are also accommodated, as is a calculation method for load distribution factor, KHR, at these ext

31、ended face widths. The standard addresses the range of load spectra experienced by these drives and defines load sharing for two and three high mill pinion stands. The stress cycle factor for pitting resistance, ZNR, consists of a single curve above 107cycles, and its value has been modified based o

32、n current practice. The stress cycle factor for bending strength YNR, consists of two curves above 107cycles, one for gears with shot peened roots, and the other for gears with untreated roots. Below 107cycles, both ZNRand YNRare assigned value of unity. In addition, the surface condition factor for

33、 pitting resistance, ZR, is assigned values other than 1.00 depending on the composite surface finish of the tooth flanks of both mating elements, and a new surface condition factor for tooth root bending, KTRF, has been created and is assigned values depending on the surface finish for the tooth ro

34、ot fillets of the gear in question. Annexes are included in this standard to give guidance on service factors, shaft design, blank configuration and others. This AGMA Standard and related publications are based on typical or average data, conditions, or applications. The Association intends to conti

35、nue working to update this Standard and to incorporate in future revisions the latest acceptable technology from domestic and international sources. The first draft of ANSI/AGMA 6115-A13 was made in July 2012. It was approved by the AGMA membership in August, 2013. It was approved as an American Nat

36、ional Standard on September 23, 2013. Suggestions for improvement of this standard will be welcome. They may be submitted to techagma.org. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/AGMA 6115-A13 AGMA 2013 All rights reserved vi PERSONNEL of the AGMA Mill Gearing Committee Chairman: Gary Bish . The Horsburgh a

37、nd Scott Company Vice Chairman: Chris Dale Atlanta Gear Works ACTIVE MEMBERS B. Arno . Xtek, Inc. R.A. Calvert Chalmers Teeth have been surface hardened by nitriding or flame hardening; Transverse contact ratio, mp, is greater than 2.0; Module is smaller than 5; Teeth are damaged, e.g., cracked, wor

38、n, pitted, scuffed or plastically deformed; Interference exists between tooth tips and root fillets; Teeth are pointed. For most designs covered by this standard, pointed teeth are defined as those with normal chordal top land thickness, san, less than 0.25 mn. Smaller top lands require additional r

39、eview; Operating backlash is insufficient; Normal gear mesh temperature is less than 0C or greater than 120C. Undercut exists in an area above the theoretical start of active profile. The root profiles are stepped or irregular. The YJfactor calculation uses the stress correction factors developed by

40、 Dolan and Broghamer 1. These factors may not be valid for root forms which are not smooth curves. For root profiles which are stepped or irregular, other stress correction factors may be more appropriate. Scuffing criteria are not included in this standard. A method to evaluate scuffing risk can be

41、 found in AGMA 925-A03. Design considerations to prevent fractures emanating from stress risers on the tooth profile, tip chipping, and failures of the gear blank through the web or hub should be analyzed by general machine design methods. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provi

42、sions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this American National Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this American National Standard are encouraged to investigat

43、e the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. AGMA 908-B89, Information Sheet - Geometry Factors for Determining the Pitting Resistance and Bending Strength of Spur, Helical and Herringbone Gear Teeth AGMA 923-B05, Metallurgical Specifications of Steel Gear

44、ing AGMA 925-A03 Effect of Lubrication on Gear Surface Distress AGMA 927-A01, Load Distribution Factors - Analytical Methods for Cylindrical Gears AGMA 938-A05, Shot Peening of Gears AGMA 2000-A88 (withdrawn), Gear Classification and Inspection Handbook Tolerances and Measuring Methods for Unassembl

45、ed Spur and Helical Gears ANSI/AGMA 1010-E95, Appearance of Gear Teeth - Terminology of Wear and Failure ANSI/AGMA 1012-G05, Gear Nomenclature, Definitions of Terms with Symbols ANSI/AGMA 2101-D04, Fundamental Rating Factors and Calculation Methods for Involute Spur and Helical Gear Teeth (Metric Ed

46、ition) AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/AGMA 6115-A13 AGMA 2013 All rights reserved 3 ANSI/AGMA 2007-C00, Surface Temper Etch Inspection After Grinding ANSI/AGMA 2015-1-A01, Accuracy Classification System - Tangential Measurements for Cylindrical Gears ANSI/AGMA 6000-B96, Specification for Measuremen

47、t of Linear Vibration on Gear Units ANSI/AGMA 6101-E08, Design and Selection of Components for Enclosed Gear Drives (Metric Edition) ANSI/AGMA 6113-A06, Standard for Industrial Enclosed Gear Drives (Metric Edition) ASTM A29/A29M-12, Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrough

48、t, General Requirements for ASTM A148/A148M-08, Standard Specification for Steel Castings, High Strength, for Structural Purposes ASTM A255-10, Standard Test Methods for Determining Hardenability of Steel ASTM A290/A290M-05(2010), Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Rings

49、for Reduction Gears ASTM A291/A291M-05(2010), Standard Specification for Steel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy, for Pinions, Gears and Shafts for Reduction Gears ASTM A304-11, Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Bars Subject to End-Quench Hardenability Requirements ASTM A370-12a, Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products ASTM A388/A388M-11, Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Steel Forgings ASTM A534-09 Standard Specification for Carburizing Steels for Anti-Friction Beari