AASHTO R 23-1999 Standard Practice for Chemical Biological and Physical Analysis of Water《水的化学 生物和物理分析》.pdf

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1、Standard Practice for Chemical, Biological, and Physical Analysis of Water AASHTO Designation: R 23-99 (2013) American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials 444 North Capitol Street N.W., Suite 249 Washington, D.C. 20001 TS-5b R 23-1 AASHTO Standard Practice for Chemical, Biologi

2、cal, and Physical Analysis of Water AASHTO Designation: R 23-99 (2013) 1. SCOPE 1.1. This standard practice provides a listing of various parameters used in the analysis of natural waters and wastewaters. The analysis of these waters is becoming an increasing area of concern for environmental reason

3、s. The passage of laws governing the usage of our natural waterways and limiting the discharges into these waterways, along with an increased public awareness, have caused a much greater demand for this information. To ensure that these data are accurate and reliable, it is essential that testing be

4、 conducted using standard procedures that are known to have reproducible results. The test methods given for the following parameters are from referenced sources that are used by most transportation departments testing water. They are listed in order of most frequently used parameters to those param

5、eters rarely used. 1.2. The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 2. METHOD OF DESIGNATION 2.1. Each parameter listed contains one or more test methods for the analysis of that parameter. When more than one procedure is listed, the choice is left to the individual laboratory.

6、 These alternate methods generally give comparable results and are intended to provide flexibility to the analyst for parameters for which test methods are used fairly equally. 3. TEST METHOD REFERENCE 3.1. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, current edition, published join

7、tly by American Public Health Association, Washington, DC; American Water Works Association, Denver, CO; and Water Environment Federation, Alexandria, VA. 3.2. Manual of Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Waste, current edition, published by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Te

8、chnology Transfer, Washington, DC 20460. 3.3. American Society for Testing and Materials, Volumes 11.01 Water (I) and 11.02 Water (II), current editions, published by ASTM, West Conshohocken, PA. 4. HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION 4.1. pH Value by Electrometric Method, Method 4500 H, Reference 3.1. 5. EL

9、ECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY 5.1. Micro MHOS at 25C, Method 2510 B, Reference 3.1. 2016 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-5b R 23-2 AASHTO 6. ALKALINITY 6.1. Electrometric Method or Color Change Ti

10、tration, Method 2320 B, Reference 3.1. 7. HARDNESS 7.1. EDTA Titrimetric, Method 2340 C, Reference 3.1. 7.2. Hardness by Calculation, Method 2340 B, Reference 3.1. 8. TURBIDITY 8.1. Nephlometric Method, Method 2130 B, Reference 3.1. 9. BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND 9.1. Five days at 20C, Method 5210 B,

11、Reference 3.1. 10. TOTAL NONFILTRABLE RESIDUE 10.1. Dried at 103 to 105C, Method 2540 D, Reference 3.1. 11. TEMPERATURE 11.1. Method 2550 B, Reference 3.1. 12. DISSOLVED OXYGEN 12.1. Modified Winkler with Full Bottle Titration, Storet No. 00300, Reference 3.2. 12.2. Electrode Method, Method 4500-O G

12、, Reference 3.1. 13. TOTAL RESIDUE IN WATER 13.1. Dried at 103 to 105C, Method 2540 B, Reference 3.1. 14. CALCIUM 14.1. Atomic Absorption, Method 3500-Ca B, Reference 3.1. 15. POTASSIUM 15.1. Flame Photometric Method, Method 3500-K B, Reference 3.1. 2016 by the American Association of State Highway

13、and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-5b R 23-3 AASHTO 16. ZINC 16.1. Atomic Absorption Method, Method 3500-Zn B, Reference 3.1. 17. TOTAL FILTRABLE RESIDUE 17.1. Dried at 103 to 105C, Method 2540 D, Reference 3.1. 18. SULFATE 18.1. Gravim

14、etric Method with Ignition of Residue, Method 4500-SO4D, Reference 3.1. 18.2. Turbidimetric Method, Method 427C, Reference 3.1. 19. IRON 19.1. Atomic Absorption Method, Method 3500-Fe B, Reference 3.1. 20. SODIUM 20.1. Flame Photometric Method, Method 3500-Na B, Reference 3.1. 21. CHEMICAL OXYGEN DE

15、MAND 21.1. Dichromate Method, Method 5220 B, Reference 3.1. 21.2. Low-Level Dichromate Method, Storet No. 00335, Reference 3.2. 22. COPPER 22.1. Atomic Absorption Method, Method 3500-Cu B, Reference 3.1. 23. LEAD 23.1. Atomic Absorption Method, Method 3500-Pb B, Reference 3.1. 24. MAGNESIUM 24.1. At

16、omic Absorption Method, Method 3500-Mg B, Reference 3.1. 25. AMMONIA NITROGEN 25.1. Distillation Procedure, Storet No. 00610, Reference 3.2. 2016 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-5b R 23-4

17、AASHTO 26. TOTAL KJELDAHL NITROGEN 26.1. Digestion with Distillation, Storet No. 00625, Reference 3.2. 27. MANGANESE 27.1. Atomic Absorption Method, Method 3500-Mn B, Reference 3.1. 28. CHLORIDE 28.1. Mercuric Nitrate Method, Method 4500-Cl C, Reference 3.1. 28.2. Argentometric Method, Method 4500-C

18、l B, Reference 3.1. 29. NITRATE NITROGEN 29.1. Brucine Method, Storet No. 00620, Reference 3.2. 30. NITRITE NITROGEN 30.1. Method 4500-NO2B, Reference 3.1. 31. CHROMIUM 31.1. Atomic Absorption Method, Method 3500-Cr B, Reference 3.1. 32. FECAL COLIFORM 32.1. Membrane Filtration Method, Method 9221 E

19、, Reference 3.1. 33. PHOSPHOROUS 33.1. Ascorbic Acid with Preliminary Digestion, Method 4500-P E, Reference 3.1. 34. ALUMINUM 34.1. Atomic Absorption Method, Method 3500-Al B, Reference 3.1. 35. BARIUM 35.1. Atomic Absorption Method, Method 3500-Ba B, Reference 3.1. 36. CADMIUM 36.1. Atomic Absorpti

20、on Method, Method 3500-Cd B, Reference 3.1. 2016 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-5b R 23-5 AASHTO 37. NICKEL 37.1. Atomic Absorption Method, Method 3500-Ni B, Reference 3.1. 38. TOTAL COLI

21、FORM 38.1. Membrane Filtration Method, Method 9222 B, Reference 3.1. 39. BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES 39.1. Method 10500 C, Reference 3.1. 40. ACIDITY 40.1. Method 2310 B, Reference 3.1. 41. OIL AND GREASE 41.1. Soxhlet Extract Method, Method 5520 D, Reference 3.1. 42. TOTAL VOLATILE AND FIXED RESIDUE

22、 42.1. Ignited at 550C, Method 2540 E, Reference 3.1. 43. SETTLEABLE MATTER 43.1. Method 2540 F, Reference 3.1. 44. FISH POPULATIONS 44.1. Method 10060, Reference 3.1. 45. SALINITY 45.1. Electrical Conductivity Method, Method 2500 B, Reference 3.1. 46. PERIPHYTON 46.1. Method 10300, Reference 3.1. 4

23、7. CHLORINE (RESIDUAL) 47.1. DPD Titrimetric Method, Method 4500-Cl F, Reference 3.1. 47.2. DPD Colorimetric Method, Method 4500-Cl G, Reference 3.1. 2016 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-5

24、b R 23-6 AASHTO 48. MERCURY 48.1. Flameless Atomic Absorption, Method 3500-Hg B, Reference 3.1. 49. PLANKTON 49.1. Method 10200, Reference 3.1. 50. MACROPHYTON 50.1. Method 10400, Reference 3.1. 51. SILVER 51.1. Atomic Absorption Method, Method 3500-Ag B, Reference 3.1. 52. VANADIUM 52.1. Atomic Abs

25、orption Method, Method 3500-V B, Reference 3.1. 53. BIOASSAY 53.1. Section 10400 F, Reference 3.1. 54. PHENOLS 54.1. Aminoantipyrine Method, Method 5530, Reference 3.1. 55. FLUORIDE 55.1. Preliminary Distillation with SPADNS Colorimetric Method, Method 4500-F D, Reference 3.1. 56. ARSENIC 56.1. Silv

26、er Diethyldithiocarbamate Method, Method 3500-As C, Reference 3.1. 57. SELENIUM 57.1. Atomic Absorption Method, Method 3500-Se B, Reference 3.1. 58. CYANIDE 58.1. Colorimetric Method 4500-CN E, Reference 3.1. 2016 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights

27、reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-5b R 23-7 AASHTO 59. ODOR 59.1. Method 2150 B, Reference 3.1. 60. ALKYL BENZENE SULFONATE 60.1. Methylene Blue Method, Method D-2330, Reference 3.3. 2016 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.