API PUBL 352-1999 Management of Residual Materials 1997 Petroleum Refining Performance《残留材料的管理 1997石油精炼性能》.pdf

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1、 STD.API/PETRO PUB 352-ENGL 1999 m 0732290 Ob2L84L TBb American Petroleum Institute -L MANAGEMENT OF RESIDUAL MATERIALS: 1997 PETROLEUM REFINING PERFORMANCE REGULATORY AND SCIENTIFIC AFFAIRS PUBLICATION NUMBER 352 SEPTEMBER 1999 STD*API/PETRO PUB 352-ENGL 1777 M 0732270 ObZLBY2 712 American Petroleu

2、m Institute American Petroleum Institute Environmental, Health, and Safety Mission and Guiding Principles MISSION The members of the American Petroleum Institute are dedicated to continuous efforis to impmve the compatibility of our operations with the environment while economically developing energ

3、y resources and supplying high quality products and services to consumers. We recognize our responsibility to work with the public, the government, and others $0 develop and to use natural resources in an envimnmentally sound manner while protecting the health and safety of our employees and the pub

4、lic. To meet these responsibilities, API members pledge to manage our businesses according to the following principles using sound science to prioritize risks und to implement cost-effective management practices: PRINCIPLES e o e To recognize and to respond to community concerns about our raw materi

5、als, products and operations. To operate our plants and facilities, and to handle our raw materials and products in a manner that protects the environment, and the safety and health of our employees and the public. To make safety, health and environmental considerations a priority in our planning, a

6、nd our development of new products and processes. To advise promptly, appropriate officials, employees, customers and the public of information on significant industry-related safety, health and environmental hazards, and to recommend protective measures. To counsel customers, ttansporters and other

7、s in the safe use, transportation and disposal of our raw materials, products and waste materials. To economically develop and produce natural resources and to conserve those resources by using energy efficiently. To extend knowledge by conducting or supporting research on the safety, health and env

8、ironmental effects of our raw materials, products, processes and waste materials. To commit to reduce overall emission and waste generation. To work with others to resolve problems created by handling and disposal of hazardous substances from our operations. To participate with government and others

9、 in creating responsible laws, regulations and standards to safeguard the community, workplace and environment. To promote these principles and practices by sharing experiences and offering assistance to others who produce, handle, use, transport or dispose of similar raw materials, petroleum produc

10、ts and wastes. STD.API/PETRO PUB 352-ENGL 1797 0732290 0b218Li3 859 Management of Residual Materials: 1997 Petroleum Refining Performance Regulatory and Scientific Affairs API PUBLICATION NUMBER 352 PREPARED UNDER CONTRACT BY: ROB FERRY THE TGB PARTNERSHIP HILLSBOROUGH, NORTH CAROLINA SEPTEMBER 1999

11、 American Petroleum Institute STD=API/PETRO PUB 352-ENGL 1999 = 0732290 Ob21844 775 FOREWORD API PUBLICATIONS NECESSARILY ADDRESS PROBLEMS OF A GENERAL NATURE. WITH RESPECT TO PARTICULAR CIRCUMSTANCES, LOCAL, STATE, AND FEDERAL LAWS AND REGULATIONS SHOULD BE REVIEWED. API IS NOT UNDERTAKING TO MEET

12、THE DUTIES OF EMPLOYERS, MANWAC- TURERS, OR SUPPLIERS TO WARN AND PROPERLY TRAIN AND EQUIP THEIR EMPLOYEES, AND OTHERS EXPOSED, CONCERNING HEALTH AND SAFETY RISKS AND PRECAUTIONS, NOR UNDERTAKING THEIR OBLIGATIONS UNDER LOCAL, STATE, OR FEDERAL LAWS. NOTHING CONTAINED IN ANY API PUBLICATION IS TO BE

13、 CONSTRUED AS GRANTING ANY RIGHT, BY IMPLICATION OR OTHERWISE, FOR THE MANU- FACTURE, SALE, OR USE OF ANY METHOD, APPARATUS, OR PRODUCT COV- ERED BY LETTERS PATENT. NEITHER SHOULD ANYTHING CONTAINED IN ITY FOR INFRINGEMENT OF LETERS PATENT. THE PUBLICATION BE CONSTRUED AS INSURING ANYONE AGAINST LIA

14、BIL- All rights reserved. No part of this work my be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted by my means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher Contact the publishel; API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street,

15、N.W, Washington. D.C. 20005. Copyright Q 1999 American Petroleum Institute ii STD-APIIPETRO PUB 352-ENGL 1979 0732290 Ob21BV5 b21 TABLE OF CONTENTS secbon lb ExecuiveSummary . e5-1 1.Methodoly 1-1 ListingofR .es 1-1 Rationale for Survey Clarications . 1-1 ResiddStm . 1-1 gPracbcesandT eclmiques . 1-

16、2 DataMysis . 1-2 2.R . 2-1 ReponeRate . 2-1 Wastewaterg 2-4 PollPrev ention . 2-9 3.ResidualStreamPr0 . 3-1 API Separator Sludge . 3-2 contaminatedsoils . 3-9 DAFFloat . 3-13 FCCCatalyst 3-16 Hy or ifit didnot report 1-2 STDoAPIIPETRO PUB 352-ENGL 1777 m 0732270 Ob21d5b qO7 m having an API separato

17、r, then there should not be any API separator sludge. The data were also reviewed visually and statistically for outliers. Follow up phone calls resolved apparent discrepancies, such as wiietherthequantityhadbeenreportedinthecorrectiniitsand,ifso,whytheodifferedfrom expected levels. As with previous

18、 surveys, the data hm the respondents were exrapolated to nationwide estimates by applying a regression analysis in which thro IO 25 L O 1980 Year Operations Batted O V 1-2wt% Average WeigM Petcent of Sulfur he number of responses for individual categories is somehrm less than the total number of re

19、sponses, to someficilitiesnot answering certain queSrim. due 2-2 STD-API/PETRO PUB 352-ENGL 1999 = 0732290 Ob21859 LLb m The number of responses from each NPDES Permit Classicaticm for each residual stream is summarized in Table 1 and presebited on a percentage basis in Table 2. Table 1-Number of Fa

20、cilities in Each NPDES Classication Reporting Eapandedheuseofdewatequipment. Raised awareness of the facilitys pollution prevenicm Improvedhe FCCU watmash program Initiated a study of MEK and toluene losses to identrfy practices. opportunities for redwmg losses. Improved operations of the hermal des

21、orption unit. Reviewed operating procedures to reduce th amount of acid soluble oil gaierated in the Alkybtion Unit. Compl and a spent caustics category includes spent cresyhc caustic, spent naphth&c caustic, and spent sulidic causiic. The oily wmtewuter residuals &e., API separator dudge, DAF float

22、, primary sludges, and slop oil emulsion solids) make up a third grouping. The Coninbiltian of ea& category in 1997 is estimated to be within five percentage points of its contribution to the 1996 data. Figure 13-Nationwide Estimate of Residuals Distribution: 1996- 1997. Spent Caustics Spent Ceustic

23、s 7996 1997 ?he remainder of this section presents detailed infomiation for the individual streams, with the streams arrangedin alphabetical order. The data fir this sectim are summarizedinthe tables ofAppemix C. 3-1 API SEPARATOR SLUDGE The U. S. petroleum remng mchistry managed an estmated 107 tho

24、usand wet ms of API Separator Sludge in 1997, which was a 1oo/o increase fim 1996. A summary ofthe quantity of API Separator Sludge managed per year is presexted in Figure 14. The data for 1987 through 1994 have been adjusted by c&hg the quantities &bed to be reavered oil or water rather than true r

25、esiuals. Figure 14-Nationwide Estimates of API Separator Sludge per Year: 1987-1997. 400 350 g300 200 a 100 2 c 150 50 O 1987 1988 1989 1990 I991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 Y08 Several fadties combine sume or all ofthe residuals associated with their wastewater treatment facility e., API Separato

26、r Sludge, DAF Float, pnmaSr Sludges, and Slq Oil Emulsion Solids). Ihe combined ties ofthese oilywastewakr streams are summanzed * in Figure 88, which shows a decrease fim 723 thousandwetin1996to467thousandwetin 1997, adecreaseof35%. The poriim ofthe MI Separator Sludge stream that is managed by eac

27、h management practice is &om in Figure 15 19% and 1997. Recycling umtinues to be the domman managemait practice for this stream. Figure 15-NatianwideEstimates ofAPI Separator Sludge by rulanagement Practice: 19961997. i 996 i997 Recall that this report uses labels such as API Separator Sludgemthe br

28、oader cuntext da residuu2 stream which indudes materials that are not subect to RCRA regulation. 3-2 STD-API/PETRO PUB 352-ENGL 1999 M 0732270 Ob21870 887 Figure 16 shows the API Separator Sludge distributim by managemeut technique fir 1996 and 1997. This stream is most co1I1I1oJIy managed by techni

29、- that recycle the oil content, primarily by Toutmg the stream to a coker. When oil is recovered fim this stream by thd desorpton, it is reported as reclamation. End uses rqmrte fbr reclauned or reused material were oil recovery andjkels blending. The end-use categories are dene in Appendix A. Figur

30、e 16-Dstributim of API Separator Sludge by Mar 1 -M 3em- Technique: 1 996- 1997 cai O IO 20 30 40 50 60 70 Nationwide Estimate (thousand wet tons) 1996 7997 The 1997 survey prompted respondeats who listed land treating or lau- this stream to explain the circumstances. same facilities indicatedhaving

31、 expokethe resiuai to canada fir anm, others explainddthat the material in question did not fll within the RCRA dehitim for this stream, and me facility cited a no migration land farm permit as allowing land treatment of certain RCRA wastes. . . Responses in the other categories are listed Mow. Other Recycie: none. Other Treatment: one facility smds this streamto Permitted Storage. Other Disposai: none. he schematic on the next page iliustrates the distribution of dewa%mg techniques and onsite versus oforite management for this stream by number of respunents. 3-3