BS PD IEC TS 60076-20-2017 Power transformers Energy efficiency《电力变压器 能源效率》.pdf

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1、Power transformers Part 20: Energy efficiency PD IEC/TS 60076-20:2017 BSI Standards Publication WB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06National foreword This Published Document is the UK implementation of IEC/TS 60076-20:2017. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to

2、 Technical Committee PEL/14, Power transformers. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British

3、Standards Institution 2017. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017 ISBN 978 0 580 85545 0 ICS 29.180 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 Febru

4、ary 2017. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affected PUBLISHED DOCUMENT PD IEC/TS 60076-20:2017 IEC TS 60076-20 Edition 1.0 2017-01 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION Power transformers Part 20: Energy efficiency INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION ICS 29.180 ISBN 978-2-8322-3870-7

5、 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor. colour inside PD IEC/TS 60076-20:2017 2 IEC TS 60076-20:2017 IEC 2017 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 4 INTRODUCTION . 6 1 Scope 7 2 Normative references 8

6、 3 Terms and definitions 8 4 Efficiency and efficiency index calculation . 9 4.1 General . 9 4.2 Methods of evaluating energy performance . 10 4.3 Method A 11 4.3.1 Efficiency index general formula 11 4.3.2 Peak efficiency index . 11 4.4 Method B 12 4.4.1 Efficiency index general formula (EI B ) . 1

7、2 4.4.2 Efficiency index at 50 % loading (EI B50 ) . 12 5 Specification of energy performance 13 6 Energy performance levels 13 6.1 General . 13 6.2 Liquid immersed transformers . 14 6.2.1 Minimum PEI method A . 14 6.2.2 Maximum load losses and maximum no load losses for transformers with rated freq

8、uency equal to 50 Hz . 16 6.2.3 Efficiency index method B 17 6.3 Dry type transformers . 19 6.3.1 Minimum PEI value method A 19 6.3.2 Maximum load loss and maximum no load loss for transformers with rated frequency equal to 50 Hz 21 6.3.3 Efficiency index method B at 50 % load factor . 22 7 Toleranc

9、e 25 7.1 General . 25 7.2 Losses 25 7.3 PEI . 25 (informative) Capitalisation of losses . 26 Annex A A.1 General theory, concept of capitalisation 26 A.2 Impact of capitalisation values 27 A.3 Capitalisation formula . 27 A.3.1 General . 27 A.3.2 Calculation of factor A 28 A.3.3 Calculation of factor

10、 B 28 A.3.4 Use of A and B for tender evaluation 30 A.3.5 Determination of factors A and B 31 (informative) Efficiency based on a survey of world practices . 32 Annex B B.1 General . 32 B.2 50 Hz efficiency 32 B.3 60 Hz efficiency 32 (informative) Japanese practices . 34 Annex C C.1 General . 34 PD

11、IEC/TS 60076-20:2017IEC TS 60076-20:2017 IEC 2017 3 C.2 Scope . 34 C.3 Maximum losses calculation methods . 34 C.4 Maximum losses . 34 Bibliography 36 Figure A.1 Load profile. 29 Table 1 PEI values for single-phase transformers with U m 12 kV and S r 100 kVA . 14 Table 2 PEI values for transformers

12、with U m 36 kV and S r 3 150 kVA . 15 Table 3 PEI values for transformers with U m 36 kV or S r3 150 kVA 16 Table 4 Maximum load losses and maximum no load losses for transformers with rated frequency equal to 50 Hz . 17 Table 5 EI B50value for liquid-immersed 60 Hz transformers . 18 Table 6 EI B50v

13、alue for liquid-immersed 50 Hz transformers . 19 Table 7 PEI values for dry type transformers with U m 36 kV and S r 3 150 kVA . 20 Table 8 PEI values for transformers with U m 36 kV and S r 3 150 kVA 20 Table 9 PEI values for transformers with U m 36 kV . 21 Table 10 Maximum load loss and maximum n

14、o load loss for transformers with rated frequency equal to 50 Hz 22 Table 11 EI B50values for single-phase dry type 60 Hz transformers . 23 Table 12 EI B50values for three-phase dry type 60 Hz transformers 24 Table 13 EI B50values for dry type 50 Hz transformers 25 Table B.1 Efficiency equations for

15、 transformers with a primary voltage of 36 kV and below, from 5 kVA to 1 000 kVA single- phase and 15 kVA to 3 150 kVA three-phase, 50 Hz and 50 % load method A . 32 Table B.2 Efficiency equations for transformers with a primary voltage of 36 kV and below, from 5 kVA to 1 000 kVA single- phase and 1

16、5 kVA to 3 150 kVA three-phase, 60 Hz and 50 % load method B . 33 Table C.1 Maximum losses 35 PD IEC/TS 60076-20:2017 4 IEC TS 60076-20:2017 IEC 2017 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ POWER TRANSFORMERS Part 20: Energy efficiency FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (I

17、EC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in additi

18、on to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee intereste

19、d in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non- governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with

20、conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC

21、 National Committees. 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for t

22、he way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between an

23、y IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformi

24、ty. IEC is not responsible for any services carried out by independent certification bodies. 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members

25、of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or an

26、y other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may b

27、e the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. In exceptional circumstances, a technical committee may propose the publication of a technical specificati

28、on when the required support cannot be obtained for the publication of an International Standard, despite repeated efforts, or the subject is still under technical development or where, for any other reason, there is the future but no immediate possibility of an agreement on an International Standar

29、d. Technical specifications are subject to review within three years of publication to decide whether they can be transformed into International Standards. IEC TS 60076-20, which is a technical specification, has been prepared by IEC technical committee 14: Power transformers. PD IEC/TS 60076-20:201

30、7IEC TS 60076-20:2017 IEC 2017 5 The text of this technical specification is based on the following documents: Enquiry draft Report on voting 14/852/DTS 14/884/RVDTS Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical specification can be found in the report on voting indicated in the

31、above table. This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The readers attention is drawn to the fact that Annex C lists all of the “in-some-country” clauses on differing practices of a less permanent nature relating to the subject of this standard. A list of all

32、the parts in the IEC 60076 series, under the general title Power transformers, can be found on the IEC website. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC website under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data relate

33、d to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be transformed into an International standard, reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date. IMPORTANT The colour inside logo on the cover pag

34、e of this publication indicates that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer. PD IEC/TS 60076-20:2017 6 IEC TS 60076-20:2017 IEC 2017 INTRODUCTION The reason prompting the p

35、reparation of this document is the need to save energy and to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases. The objective of this document is to promote a higher average level of energy performance for transformers. It provides a basic model for national standards and, alternatively, a supplement to nati

36、onal standards that do not cover the whole range of transformers. This part of IEC 60076 gives methods of specifying a transformer with an appropriate level of energy efficiency according to the loading and operating conditions applicable. It also gives minimum efficiency and maximum losses which le

37、ad to a generally acceptable balance between losses and use of other resources. This document proposes two methods (A and B) of defining an energy efficiency index and introduces three methods of evaluating the energy performance of a transformer. These are based on existing regional practices: a) t

38、he Peak Efficiency Index (PEI) which should be used in conjunction with either a total cost of ownership (TCO) approach or any other mean of specifying the load factor. b) the no-load and load losses at rated power for rationalization of transformer cores and coils for transformers generally produce

39、d in large volumes; c) the efficiency at a defined power factor and particular load factor (typically at 50 %). The appropriate method is chosen by agreement between purchasers and manufacturers or according to local regulations. A transformer that does not comply with this document can still comply

40、 with the requirements of other standards in the IEC 60076 series. Formulae for the calculation of efficiency are given to reflect different regional practices and purposes. The definition of rated power is given in IEC 60076-1. Energy efficiency is not the sole basis for choosing a transformer. The

41、 total capital and estimated lifetime operating and maintenance costs (TCO) are also significant considerations in determining the most suitable transformer for the intended application, and may lead to the selection of more economical solutions when taking into account the lifetime of the transform

42、ers. This document provides a standard method for evaluating the energy performance of power transformers through the use of the PEI, gives benchmark figures and the reasons why certain transformers may have efficiencies which are higher or lower than the benchmark. Setting a reasonable value of min

43、imum PEI will be effective in improving the overall energy performance of the installed transformer population by eliminating transformers with low efficiency, with the exception for some specific network limitations. The use of a minimum value of PEI sets a floor for transformer energy performance,

44、 but the use of TCO evaluation for purchasing transformers is essential to select a transformer with the optimal economically justified level of efficiency. PD IEC/TS 60076-20:2017IEC TS 60076-20:2017 IEC 2017 7 POWER TRANSFORMERS Part 20: Energy efficiency 1 Scope This part of IEC 60076 is applicab

45、le to transformers in the scope of IEC 60076-1. The energy performance levels given in Clause 6 are not applicable to the following transformers: transformers for high current rectifiers as described in the IEC 61378 (all parts) and in the IEC 60146 (all parts); transformers for furnace applications

46、; transformers for offshore applications; NOTE 1 Transformer to be installed on fixed or floating offshore platforms, offshore wind turbines or on board of ships and all kind of vessels). transformers for emergency or temporary mobile installations; NOTE 2 Transformers designed only to provide cover

47、 for a specific time limited situation when the normal power supply is interrupted either due to an unplanned occurrence such as failure or a station refurbishment, but not to permanently upgrade an existing substation. traction transformers; earthing transformers as described in 3.1.10 of IEC 60076

48、-6:2007. phase shifting transformers; instrument transformers (IEC 61869-1); transformers and auto-transformers specifically designed for railway feeding systems, as defined in EN 50329; traction catenary supply transformer for 16,67 Hz; transformer for high current rectifiers (IEC 61869-1); NOTE 3

49、These are transformers specifically designed and intended to supply power electronic or rectifier loads specified according to IEC 61378-1. NOTE 4 This exclusion does not apply to transformers intended to provide AC power from DC sources such as transformers for wind turbine and photo voltaic applications as well as transformers designed for DC transmission and distribution applications.” transformers for railway feeding systems (EN 50329); subs