2014年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语（江苏卷带解析）.doc

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1、2014年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语（江苏卷带解析） 单项选择 * Lessons can be learned to face the future, _ history cannot be changed. A though B as C since D unless 答案： A 试题分析：考查连词词义辨析及语境理解。 A. 虽然，尽管； B. 正如； C.自从；D. 除非 。根据句意判断可以知道前后句之间为转折关系，故用连词 though连接。句意：虽然历史不可改变，但是吸取教训来面向未来。故 A正确。 考点：考查连词词义辨析及语境理解。 _ ! Somebody has left

2、 the lab door open. Dont look at me. A Dear me B Hi, there C Thank goodness D Come on 答案： A 试题分析：考查交际用语。 A. dear me哎呀（表示惊讶）； B. Hi, there嗨； C. Thank goodness谢天谢地； D. come on加油。句意 ： 哎呀！有人离开实验室门还开着。 不要看着我。故 A正确。 考点：考查交际用语 Good families are much to all their members, but _ to none. A something B anythi

3、ng C everything D nothing 答案： C 试题分析：考查代词用法。 A. something某事物； B. anything任何事物； C. everything一切； D. nothing没有什么。句意：优秀的家庭对她的成员们来说意味着许多，但并不是一切。故 C正确。 考点：考查代词用法 Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to _ the soul of Qu Yuan. A remember B remind C recover D recall 答案： D 试题分析：考查动词词义

4、辨析及语境理解。 A. remember记得，指事物不知不觉地在脑海中的闪现。； B. remind使想起，提醒； C. recover使恢复； D. recall回忆，多指有意识地回忆起已经被忘记的事情。句意：端午节相传起源于回忆屈原精神。故 D正确。 考点：考查动词词义辨析及语境理解 I cant meet you on Sunday. Ill be _ occupied. A also B just C nevertheless D otherwise 答案： D 试题分析：考查副词词义辨析及语境理解。 A. also也； B. just刚刚； C. nevertheless尽管如此；

5、D. otherwise否则，在不同方面。句意：在星期天我不能与你见面，否则我会很忙。故 D正确。 考点：考查副词词义辨析及语境理解 It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, _ bring me food. A might B would C should D could 答案： C 试题分析：考查情态动词用法。 A. might也许； B. would将； C. should竟然，居然（用于表示必要、适当、惊奇、遗憾等语气中）； D. could能够。句意：他们，自己如 此的贫困，竟然带食物给我，让我很难过。故 C正确。 考点：考查情态

6、动词用法 Dad, I dont think Oliver the right sort of person for the job. I see. Ill go right away and _. A pay him back B pay him off C put him away D put him off 答案： B 试题分析：考查动词短语辨析及语境理解。 A. pay back偿还，回报； B. pay sb. off 付清工资后解雇 (某 )人； C. put away收拾，储存； D. put off推迟。句意： 爸爸，我认为奥利弗是不适合这份工作的那种人。 我明白，我马上付清工

7、资后解雇他。故 B正确。 考点：考查动词短语辨析及语境理解 The lecture _, a lively question-and-answer session followed. A being given B having given C to be given D having been given 答案： D 试题分析：考查非谓语动词用法。句中逻辑主语 lecture与动词 give是被动关系，故需要用被动语态。 being given指正在进行的演讲； to be given将要发表的演讲。having been given则强调时间先后，指的是此动作发生在谓语动词 follow的

8、动作之前。句意：发表演讲之后，接下来是现场提问时间。故 D正确。 考点：考查非谓语动词用法 The idea “happiness, ” _, will not sit still for easy definition. A to be rigid B to be sure C to be perfect D to be fair 答案： B 试题分析：考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。 A. rigid严格的，刻板的； B. sure肯定的； C. perfect完美的； D. fair塑像，雕像。句意： “幸福 ”的观念，可以肯定的是，是不会坐视那么容易定义的。故 B正确。 考点：考查形容词

9、词义辨析及语境理解 She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful _ in last years election. A symbol B portrait C identity D statue 答案： A 试题分析：考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。 A. symbol象征，标志； B. portrait肖像； C. identity身份，特征； D. statue塑像，雕像。句意：两年前她被软禁，但是在去年的大选中仍然是势力强大的代表人物。故 A正确。 考点：考查名词词义辨析及语境理解 What a m

10、ess! You are always so lazy! Im not to blame, mum. I am _ you have made me. A how B what C that D who 答案： B 试题分析：考查名词性从句用法。本题考查的是表语从句，注意动词 make后接双宾语，即 make sb. sth.故用关系词 what 来引导。句意： 怎么这么乱啊！你总是这么懒！ 我不应该受到责备，妈妈。我是你使得我这样的。故 B正确。 考点：考名词性从句用法 Top graduates from universities are _ by major companies. A c

11、hased B registered C offered D compensated 答案： A 试题分析：考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。 A. chase追赶，追求； B. register登机，注册； C. offer提供； D. compensate补偿。句意：来自大学的优秀毕业生被大公司所猎取。故 A正确。 考点：考查动词词义辨析及语境理解 Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does push-ups too to stay _. A in place B in order C in shape D in fash

12、ion 答案： C 试题分析：考查介词短语辨析及语境理解。 A. in place在适当的位置； B. in order按顺序； C. in shape处于良好状态；健康； D. in fashion流行，时兴。句意：汤姆早上总是慢跑，他通常也做俯卧撑来保持良好身体。故 C正确。 考点：考查介词短语辨析及语境理解 How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing Well, the media _ it in a variety of forms. A cover B will cover C ha

13、ve covered D covered 答案： C 试题分析：考查动词时态用法。根据句意可以判定出，本题用现在完成时态，强调过去的事情对现在的影响还存在。句意： 关于将在南京举办的青奥会你了解多少？ 嗯，媒体已经用各种形式进行了报道。故 C正确。 考点：考查动词时态用法 The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work _ a good impression is a must. A which B when C as D where 答案： D 试题分析：考查定语从句用法。句中的先行词为

14、 work，在从句 a good impression is must中作地点状语，故用关系副词 where。句意：这本书对我的日常交际有极大的帮助，尤其在工作中，良好的印象是必须的。故 D正确。 考点：考查定语从句用法 完型填空 Dale Carnegie rose from the unknown of a Missouri farm to international fame because he found a way to fill a universal human need. It was a need that he first back in 1906 when young

15、Dale was a junior at State Teachers College in Warrensburg. To get an , he was struggling against many difficulties. His family was poor. His Dad couldnt afford the at college, so Dale had to ride horseback 12 miles to attend classes. Study had to be done his farm-work routines. He withdrew from man

16、y school activities he didnt have the time or the . He had only one good suit. He tried the football team, but the coach turned him down for being too . During this period Dale was slowly an inferiority complex (自卑感 ), which his mother knew could him from achieving his real potential. She that Dale

17、join the debating team, believing that in speaking could give him the confidence and recognition that he needed. Dale took his mothers advice, tried desperately and after several attempts made it. This proved to be a point in his life. Speaking before groups did help him gain the he needed. By the t

18、ime Dale was a senior, he had won every top honor in . Now other students were coming to him for coaching and they, , were winning contests. Out of this early struggle to his feelings of inferiority, Dale came to understand that the ability to an idea to an audience builds a persons confidence. And,

19、 it, Dale knew he could do anything he wanted to doand so could others. 【小题1】 A admitted B filled C supplied D recognized A assignment B education C advantage D instruction A training B board C teaching D equipment A between B during C over D through A while B when C because D though A permits B int

20、erest C talent D clothes A on B for C in D with A light B flexible C optimistic D outgoing A gaining B achieving C developing D obtaining A prevent B protect C save D free A suggested B demanded C required D insisted A presence B practice C patience D potential A hopefully B certainly C finally D na

21、turally A key B breaking C basic D turning A progress B experience C competence D confidence A horse-riding B football C speech D farming A in return B in brief C in turn D in fact A convey B overcome C understand D build A express B stress C contribute D repeat A besides B beyond C like D with 答案：

22、【小题 1】 D 【小题 2】 B 【小题 3】 B 【小题 4】 A 【小题 5】 C 【小题 6】 D 【小题 7】 B 【小题 8】 A 【小题 9】 C 【小题 10】 A 【小题 11】 A 【小题 12】 B 【小题 13】 C 【小题 14】 D 【小题 15】 D 【小题 16】 C 【小题 17】 C 【小题 18】 B 【小题 19】 A 【小题 20】 D 阅读理解 【小题 1】 Why did the BeauxArts style attract American entrepreneurs A It helped display their money status

23、. B It was created by famous architects. C It was named after a famous institute. D It represented the 19th century urban culture. 【小题 2】 What is unique of SieMatic BeauxArts A Its designs are anti-conventional. B Its designs come from famous structures. C Its customers can enjoy their own compositi

24、on. D Its customers can choose from various new styles. 答案： 【小题 1】 A 【小题 2】 C 试题分析：文章大意：本文是一则广告。文章主要介绍了厨房设计的风格、设计的由来以及顾客可以加入自己的创新。 【小题 1】 A考查细节理解。根据文章第二段第一句 Back then, a Generation of successful American Entrepreneurs dreamt of a new style of Architecture to express their personal wealth.可以判断一代成功的美国

25、企业家梦想新的风格的建造能够表达他们个人财富，即展示他们的金钱地位。 故 A正确。 【小题 2】 C考查细节理解。根据文章第三段最后一句 today, you too can break the conventional rules of style and create something new: your own personal composition of your kitchen.可知顾客也可以加入自己新的创新，从而可以分享到自己的成果。故 C正确。 考点：考查广告类短文阅读 However wealthy we may be, we can never find enough h

26、ours in the day to do everything we want. Economics deals with this problem through the concept of opportunity cost, which simply refers to whether someones time or money could be better spent on something else. Every hour of our time has a value. For every hour we work at one job we could quite eas

27、ily be doing another, or be sleeping or watching a film. Each of these options has a different opportunity costnamely, what they cost us in missed opportunities. Say you intend to watch a football match but the tickets are expensive and it will take you a couple of hours to get to and from the stadi

28、um. Why not, you might reason, watch the game from home and use the leftover money and time to have dinner with friends Thisthe alternative use of your cash and timeis the opportunity cost. For economists, every decision is made by knowledge of what one must forgoin terms of money and enjoymentin or

29、der to take it up. By knowing precisely what you are receiving and what you are missing out on, you ought to be able to make better-informed, more reasonable decisions. Consider that most famous economic rule of all: theres no such thing as a free lunch. Even if someone offers to take you out to lun

30、ch for free, the time you will spend in the restaurant still costs you something in terms of forgone opportunities. Some people find the idea of opportunity cost extremely discouraging: imagine spending your entire life calculating whether your time would be better spent elsewhere doing something mo

31、re profitable or enjoyable. Yet, in a sense its human nature to do precisely thatwe assess the advantages and disadvantages of decisions all the time. In the business world, a popular phrase is “value for money.” People want their cash to go as far as possible. However, another is fast obtaining an

32、advantage: “value for time.” The biggest restriction on our resources is the number of hours we can devote to something, so we look to maximize the return we get on our investment of time. By reading this passage you are giving over a bit of your time which could be spent doing other activities, suc

33、h as sleeping and eating. In return, however, this passage will help you to think like an economist, closely considering the opportunity cost of each of your decisions. 【小题 1】 According to the passage, the concept of “opportunity cost” is applied to _. A making more money B taking more opportunities

34、 C reducing missed opportunities D weighing the choice of opportunities 【小题 2】 The “leftover . time” in Paragraph 3 probably refers to the time _. A spared for watching the match at home B taken to have dinner with friends C spent on the way to and from the match D saved from not going to watch the

35、match 【小题 3】 What are forgone opportunities A Opportunities you forget in decision-making. B Opportunities you give up for better ones. C Opportunities you miss accidentally. D Opportunities you make up for. 答案： 【小题 1】 D 【小题 2】 C 【小题 3】 B 试题分析：文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了不管我们多么的富有，在一天里我们不可能找到足够的时间做我们想要做的一切。因

36、此，我们要放弃一些事情选择做更好的事情。 【小题 1】 D考查推理判 断。根据文章第二、三段，尤其第三段最后一句Thisthe alternative use of your cash and timeis the opportunity cost 可知 “机会成本 ”这个概念应用于衡量机会的选择方面。故 D正确。 【小题 2】 C考查词义推测。题中 “leftover money and time”是指 “剩下来的钱和时间 ”。根据文章第三段第一句 Say you intend to watch a football match but the tickets are expensive a

37、nd it will take you a couple of hours to get to and from the stadium.可知 leftover time 所指的是 “花在观看比赛（路上）来去的时间 ”。故C正确。 【小题 3】 B考查推理判断。根据文章第四段，尤其最后一句 Even if someone offers to take you out to lunch for free, the time you will spend in the restaurant still costs you something in terms of forgone opportun

38、ities.可以推测出 forgone opportunities是指 “所放弃用于更好的机会 ”。故 B正确。 考点：考查议论文阅读 Most damagingly, anger weakens a persons ability to think clearly and keep control over his behaviour. The angry person loses objectivity in evaluating the emotional significance of the person or situation that arouses his anger. No

39、t everyone experiences anger in the same way; what angers one person may amuse another. The specific expression of anger also differs from person to person based on biological and cultural forces. In contemporary culture, physical expressions of anger are generally considered too socially harmful to

40、 be tolerated. We no longer regard duels (决斗 ) as an appropriate expression of anger resulting from one persons awareness of insulting behaviour on the part of another. Anger can be identified in the brain, where the electrical activity changes. Under most conditions EEG (脑电图 ) measures of electrica

41、l activity show balanced activity between the right and left prefrontal (额叶前部 ) areas. Behaviourally this corresponds to the general even-handed disposition (意向 ) that most of us possess most of the time. But when we are angry the EEG of the right and left prefrontal areas arent balanced and, as a r

42、esult of this, were likely to react. And our behavioural response to anger is different from our response to other emotions, whether positive or negative. Most positive emotions are associated with approach behaviour: we move closer to people we like. Most negative emotions, in contrast, are associa

43、ted with avoidance behaviour: we move away from people and things that we dislike or that make us anxious. But anger is an exception to this pattern. The angrier we are, the more likely we are to move towards the object of our anger. This corresponds to what psychologists refer to as of ensive anger

44、: the angry person moves closer in order to influence and control the person or situation causing his anger. This approach-and-confront behaviour is accompanied by a leftward prefrontal asymmetry (不对称 ) of EEG activity. Interestingly, this asymmetry lessens if the angry person can experience empathy

45、 (同感 ) towards the individual who is bringing forth the angry response. In defensive anger, in contrast, the EEG asymmetry is directed to the right and the angry person feels helpless in the face of the anger-inspiring situation. 【小题 1】 The “duels” example in Paragraph 2 proves that the expression o

46、f anger _. A usually has a biological basis B varies among people C is socially and culturally shaped D influences ones thinking and evaluation 【小题 2】 What changes can be found in an angry brain ZXXK A Balanced electrical activity can be spotted. B Unbalanced patterns are found in prefrontal areas.

47、C Electrical activity corresponds to ones behaviour. D Electrical activity agrees with ones disposition. 【小题 3】 Which of the following is typical of offensive anger A Approaching the source of anger. B Trying to control what is disliked. C Moving away from what is disliked. D Feeling helpless in the

48、 face of anger. 【小题 4】 What is the key message of the last paragraph A How anger differs from other emotions. B How anger relates to other emotions. C Behavioural responses to anger. D Behavioural patterns of anger. 答案： 【小题 1】 C 【小题 2】 B 【小题 3】 A 【小题 4】 D 试题分析：文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了生 气在人大脑的额叶前部区域出现不平衡的图案以及不同的生气形式。 【小题 1】 C考查推理判断。根据文章第二段 The specific expression of anger also differs from person to person based on biological