2014年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语(山东卷带解析).doc
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1、2014年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语(山东卷带解析) 其他 阅读下面的短文并用英语回答问题,然后将答案:写到答题卡相应的位置上(请注意问题后的字数要求)。 1 Nowadays the cost of a new car has fallen in real terms so that it is cheaper than ever to own one, and better road conditions have also attracted more drivers. The result is overcrowding on the road system, which is
2、one of the problems the local governments are faced with. 2 When people travel to other towns, the problem might be relieved by getting them to park outside the town. Buses could be provided to take them into the centre. These Park and Ride projects are increasingly popular in the UK. At Southerton,
3、 for example, a council-funded project led to a 15% drop in city centre traffic over five months. 3 What the council found, though, was that the project proved somewhat unpopular with shop owners in the area outside the centre. Many of their shops relied on passing car drivers for some of their trad
4、e. As the number of people driving past dropped, so did their incomes. 4 Making car driving expensive is another way of _. Road taxes tend to mean that people use their cars less. Fining drivers who are in areas where cars have been banned can also tend to encourage them to leave their cars behind.
5、5 However, one thing has to be got right for any solution to succeed. If we expect people to give up the habit of driving, we must give them an alternative they can rely on. Constant delays, unannounced changes to the timetable and sudden cancellations all discourage people from using public transpo
6、rt. People will only see it as a real choice if the buses and trains are on time. 【小题 1】 What causes overcrowding on the road system according to Paragraph 1 (no more than 12 words) _ 【小题 2】 What should people do when traveling to other towns according to the Park and Ride projects (no more than 10
7、words) _ 【小题 3】 Why were some shop owners unhappy about the project (no more than 10 words) _ 【小题 4】 Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4. ( no more than 8 words) _ 【小题 5】 Why are people unwilling to use public transport according to Paragraph 5 (no more than 8 words) _ 答案: 【小题 1】 The reduced/lowered co
8、st of a new car and better road conditions 【小题 2】 They should park outside the town, and take the bus to the centre. 【小题 3】 Their incomes dropped because fewer people drove past. 【小题 4】 encouraging people to use public transport more encouraging people to use their cars less relieving the problem( o
9、f overcrowding) 【 小题 5】 Because public transport is not reliable/satisfactory. 试题分析:随着汽车价格的逐渐下降,公路状况越来越好,路上的汽车也就越来越多了。结果就使得公路严重拥挤。本文就解决道路拥挤问题提出建议,如何才能让司机放弃开车选择公交。 【小题 1】根据第一段句子 “the cost of a new car had fallen” 和 “better road conditions have also attracted more drivers.”可以写出答 案:为: The reduced/lower
10、ed cost of a new car and better road conditions 【小题 2】根据第二段句子 “ the problem might be relieved by getting them to park outside the towntake them to the center” 可以写出答案: They should park outside the town, and take the bus to the centre. 【小 题 3】根据第三段最后一句 “As the number of people so did their incomes.”可知
11、,开车经过商场的人少了,商店的收入也就会随着减少。所以答案:为Their incomes dropped because fewer people drove past. 【小题 4】根据第四段空格所在的句子 “使开车费用增加也是一种方法 ”说明上文已经提到了解决什么问题的方法。根据第二段开头句子 “When people .the problem might be relieved of getting them to park outside the town.”可知,使开车的费用增加也是一种减轻交通拥挤问题的方法。因此可以写出答案: relieving the problem( of o
12、vercrowding)。根据下文提到 “road taxes”和 “finding drivers”等两项费用问题可以促使更多的司机不开车,所以这也是一种鼓励司机不开车乘公交车的一种方法。因此可以写出答案: encouraging people to use public transport more或 encouraging people to use their cars less 【小题 5】根据最后一段句子 “If we expect.rely on”说明,我们想让人们放弃开车的想法必须给他们值得信赖的选择。接着后面列举了一些公交车的弊端,比如耽搁时间,随意更换时间,突然取消等等问题
13、都不能让人们真正信赖公交。所以可以总结出答案: Because public transport is not reliable/satisfactory. 考点:考查阅读表达 单项选择 * Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we_. A will expect B are expecting C expect D had expected 答案: D 试题分析:从语境看,写请柬这个动作已经发生是过去的动作,预期的动作是发生在写请柬的过去,所以要用过去完成时。句意为:手写这些请柬比预期的要费
14、时的多。答案:选择 D。 考点:考查时态和语态。 【知识拓展】时态的选择要根据语境中提示的时间状语进行选择,或根据句意体会所要填的动词的动作发生在什么时候从而确定时态。在选择过去完成时时,句子中常会有相应的一个过去时作为参考,而要填的动词的动作发生在这个过去的动作之前,才能用过去完成时。 A company _profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad. A which B whose C who D why 答案: B 试题分析:这是一个定语从句, a company 是先行词, profit和
15、a company是所属关系,所以要用关系代词 whose。句意为:在国内市场利润减少的公司可能会寻求国外发展的机会。故答案:选 B。 考点:考查定语从句的用法。 Its standard practice for a company like this one_ a security officer. A employed B being employed C to employ D employs 答案: C 试题分析: it是形式主语,真正的主语是后 面的动词不定式。句意为:像这样的一个公司雇用一名保安是惯例。故答案:选 C。 考点:考查非谓语动词。 Is Anne coming tom
16、orrow _.If she were to come, she would have called me. A Go ahead B Certainly C Thats right D I dont think so 答案: D 试题分析:由答语中的 “If she were to come, she would have called me.”可知,Anne没有给说话者打电话,由此可推知,说话者认为 Anne明天不会来。句意为: Anne 明天来吗? 我想她不会来。如果她想来就会给我打电话了。 A项意为 “继续,可以 ”; B项意为 “当然 ”; C项意为 “好吧 ”; D项意为 “我不这
17、样认为 ”。根据句意可知,答案:选 D。 考点:考查交际用语。 It is difficult for us to imagine_ life was like for slaves in the ancient world. A where B what C which D why 答案: B 试题分析: imagine后需要一个宾语, “life was like” 做 imagine的宾语需要一个不做句子成分的引导词,同时这个句子中 like缺少宾语,所以空格处缺少一个兼词 what。句意为:很难想象古代奴隶的生活是什么样子的。故答案:选 B。 考点:考查宾语从句的用法。 There i
18、s a note pinned to the door_ when the shop will open again. A saying B says C said D having said 答案: A 试题分析:在这个句子中 note和 say是主动关系,所以要用 saying。此处saying引导的句子做伴随状语。句意为:门上钉着张纸条,写着这家商店什么时候再营业。故答案:选 A。 考点:考查非谓语动词。 【知识拓展】非谓语动词的选择要根据所填的动词及它所要修饰的逻辑主语之间的关系确定。 doing 表主动表进行; done 表被动表完成; to do 表目的表将来。 They made
19、 up their mind that they_ a new house once Larry changed jobs. A bought B would buy C have bought D had bought 答案: B 试题分析: once引导的是条件状语从句,根据主句将来时从句一般现在时的用法可知,从句一般过去时,主句应是一般将来时的过去时。句意为:他们打算只要 Larry换了工作他们就买新房子。故答案:选 B。 考点:考查时态和语态。 Susan made_ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.
20、 A that B this C it D her 答案: C 试题分析:这是一个宾语从句, make的宾语是 that引导的句子,在本句中用 it做形式宾语代指 that引导的宾语从句。句意为: Susan向我表明她希望能过上新的生活。故答案:选 C。 考点:考查代词辨析。 This apple pie is too sweet, dont you think so _. I think its just right, actually. A Not really B I hope so C Sounds good D No wonder 答案: A 试题分析:由答语中的 “I think
21、It is just right”可知,说话者认为这个苹果饼的甜度刚刚好,所以答语中要表示不同意。句意为: 这个苹果饼太甜了,你觉得呢? 不见得吧。我觉得刚刚好。 A项意为 “不见得,不是这样 ”; B项意为 “我希望是这样 ”; C 项意为 “听起来不错 ”; D 项意为 “难怪 ”。根据句意可知,答案:选 A。 考点:考查情景交际。 I dont really like the author,_ I have to admit his books are very exciting. A although B unless C until D once 答案: A 试题分析:句意为:我真的
22、不喜欢这个作家,尽管我不得不承认他的书很令人兴奋。 A项意为 “尽管 ”; B项意为 “除非 ”; C项意为 “直到 ”; D项意为 “一旦 ”。根据句意可知,答案:选择 A。 考点:考查连词辨析。 【知识拓展】状语从句连词的选择第一要知道各个选项中的连词的各种意思,第二根据句意进行确定。 完型填空 There was a pet store and the owner had a parrot. One day a walked in and the parrot said to the man ,“Hey you!” The man said, “What! ” The parrot sa
23、id, “Your is really ugly.” The man got very and went to the store owner and said, “Your bird just my wife. It said she was ugly.” The owner stormed over, the bird, took it into the “black room,” shook it a bit, out a few feathers, and said, “Dont ever, ever say anything to my customers again. You go
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- 2014 全国 普通高等学校 招生 统一 考试 英语 山东 解析
