2014年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语（北京卷带解析）.doc

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1、2014年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语（北京卷带解析） 其他 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Evaluating Sources (来源 ) of health Information Making good choices about your own health requairs reasonable evaluation. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of healthy inf

2、ormation. Resonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to fins relevant information, how to separate fact from opinions, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources. 【小题 1】 Go to the original source. Media reports often simplify the results o

3、f medical research. Find out for yourself what a study really reported, and determin whether it was based on good science. Think about the type of study. 【小题 2】 Watch for misleading language. Some studies will find that a behaviour “contributes to” or is “associated with” an outcome; this does not m

4、ean that a certain course must lead to a certain result. 【小题 3】 Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it. Use your common sense. Ifa report seems too good to be true, probably it is. Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements. 【小题 4】 Evaluate “sci

5、entific” statements carefully, and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术 ). 【小题 5】 Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration, but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us. Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about the health probl

6、ems will serve you well throughout your life. A Make choice that are right for you. B The goal of an ad is to sell you something. C Be sure to work through the critical questions. D And examine the findings of the original research. E. Distinguish between research reports and public health advice. F

7、. Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an authors point of view. G. The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources. 答案： 【小题 1】 G 【小题 2】 D 【小题 3】 F 【小题 4】 B 【小题 5】 A 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了如何鉴别一些健康信息。 【小题 1】 G考查上下文的语境理

8、解及逻辑推理。根据上文可知，前面的几个how to 表明，你如何做出选择。而 G 是下面这些建议帮你鉴别正确的健康信息。顺理成章。 【小题 2】 D考查上下文的语境理解及逻辑 推理。根据关键词定位可知，本段的关键词是： original source。只有 D选项一致。 【小题 3】 F考查上下文的语境理解及逻辑推理。根据上文举例，如： contribute to， associated with可知，要注意解释的欺骗性。故选 F。 【小题 4】 B考查上下文的语境理解及逻辑推理。根据上文报道似乎很真实，就是为了诱导你买东西。故选 B。 【小题 5】 A 考查上下文的语境理解及逻辑推理。最后总

9、结做出适合你的选择，朋友和家人是主意的好的来源。 考点：考查语境理解及逻辑推理 单项选择 * Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, _ plants can spread to new places. A so B or C for D but 答案： A 试题分析：本题考查并列句，考查方式为连词选择。句意：一些动物带着种子到处走，所以植物就会扩展到新的地方。本题前半部分讲 “有些动物把种子从一个地方带到另外一个地方 ”，所以导致 “植物传播 ”，表示因果关系的并列句。所以选 A。 考点：考查并列句的用法。 The film s

10、tar wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without _. A recognizing B being recognized C having recognized D having been recognized 答案： B 试题分析：本题考查动词的非谓语动词形式。句意：那位电影明星戴上墨镜。所以，他去买东西不会被认出来。根据题中的介词 without判断，此后应该使用动词的动名词形式，由于他是被人认出的，所以应该用动名词的被动式，所以选 B。 考点 ：考查非谓语动词的用法 We _ back in the hotel now

11、 if you didnt lose the map. A are B were C will be D would be 答案： D 试题分析：本题考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你不丢失地图，我们就已经到旅馆了。根据条件状语从句中 “if we didnt lose the map”可知，主从句都是对现在情况的假设，所以选用 D。 考点：考查虚拟语气的用法 Some people believe _ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future. A whatever B whenever. C w

12、hereever D however 答案： A 试题分析：本题考查宾语从句，考查方式为连接词。句意：有些人认为以前或现在正在发生的事情将来还会重复发生。根据题干信息， “过去发生或现在正发生的事情，将来仍然会重复 ”，宾语从句中缺少主语，并且指的是事件，所以选用 A。 考点：考查宾语从句的用法 I found the lecture hard to follow because it _ when I arrived. A started B was starting C would start D had started 答案： D 试题分析：本题考查动词时态。句意：我发现演讲很难懂，因为

13、当我到达的时候，演讲已经开始了。根据题干信息， “不能跟上演讲的原因是，我到达的时候演讲已经开始 ”， “到达 ”为过去时， “已经开始 ”应该用过去完成时。所以选 D。 考点：考查动词时态 - What time is it - I have no idea. But just a minute, I _ it for you. A check B checked C will check D would check 答案： C 试题分析：本题考查动词时态。句意： 什么时间了？ 我不知道。一会儿，我给你查查。根据题干信息，说话人不知道几点，但是 “将去核实一下 ”。所以本题应选一般将来时，即

14、 C。 考点：考查动词时态的用法 The best moment for the football star was _ he scored the winning goal. A where B when C how D why 答案： B 试题分析：本题考查表语从句，考查方式为连接词的选择。句意：对于一个足球明星来说，进球得分的时刻是最好的时刻。根据题干前半部分中的 “moment”一词推断，后面应该说的是 “ 的时候 ”，所以本题选 B。 考点：考查表语从句的连接词 _ the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it eve

15、ry year. A As B When C Even though D In case 答案： C 试题分析：本题考查状语从句，考查方式为辨别状语从句的种类。句意：尽管那个森林公园很远，但是还是有许多游客每年到这里游览。根据题干信息，应该是 “即使（尽管）那个森林公园很远，每年还是有很多人去参观。 ”由此判断，从句为让步状语从句，应选连接词 even though。本题选 C。 In case用于引导目的状语从句，表示 “以防 ”、 “以免 ”。根据句意选 C。 考点：考查状语从句的连接词 There are still many problems _ before we are ready

16、 for a long stay on the Moon. A solving B solved C being solved D to be solved 答案： D 试题分析：本题考查非谓语动词，考查方式为非谓语动词形式选择。根据题干信息，非谓语动词在这里做定语，限定 “要去解决的问题 ”。根据非谓语动词做定语的规则，现在分词表示主动和正在发生，过去分词表示被动或完成，而不定式表示将要发生，所以选 D。 考点：考查非谓语动词的用法 _ I have a word with you It wont take long. A Can B Must C Shall D Should 答案： A.

17、 试题分析：本题考查情态动词，考查方式为情态动词词义辨析。句意：我能和你谈话吗？不会很长时间的。根据上下文可知，说话人在请求听话人允许不长时间的一个交谈，所以选择表示 “能不能或可以不可以 ”的 A 考点：考查情态动词的用法。 I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, _ my classmates recommended to me. A who B which C when D Where 答案： B 试题分析：本题考查定语从句，考查方式为选择连接词。根据题干信息，定语从句的先行词为 book,定语从句中缺乏

18、宾语（我朋友推荐给我 “书 ”），加之逗号后为非限制性定语从句，所以本题选 B。句意：上周我从图书馆借了福尔摩斯，这是我的同学推荐给我的。 考点：考查定语从句的关系词。 Last night, there were millions of people _ the opening ceremony live on TV. A watch B to watch C watched D watching 答案： D 试题分析：本题考查非谓语动词，考查方式为非谓语动词形式的选择。本题说明 “昨晚有成百万的人看电视上直播的开幕式 ”， watching引导的现在分词短语做定语，说明人们在做什么。与前面

19、的 people构成主谓关系，所以选择 D。 考点：本题考查非谓语动词 _ carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab. A Observe B To observe C Observed D Observing 答案： A 试题分析：本题考查非谓语动词。考查方式为识别是否适用非谓语动词。根据上下文可知，后面提供了两个从句，一个为条件状语从句、另一个为时间状语从句的省略句，由此可知，在某条件下和某时间，建议某人做某事。因此，应该选择动词原形，引起的是祈使句。所以，本题选 A。 考点：本题考查非谓语动词。 Ja

20、ne is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves _ half an hour. A by B in C for D until 答案： B 试题分析：考查介词的用法。此处 in half hour意为：半个小时以后。句意：Jane很着急，因为去机场火车半小时后出发。根据句意选 B。 考点：考查介词的用法。 -Hi, lets go skating. - Sorry, Im busy right now. I _ in an application form for a new job. A fill B have filled

21、C am filling D will fill 答案： C 试题分析：考查动词时态。句意： 嗨，我们去滑冰吧。 对不起，我现在很忙。我正在填一个新工作申请表。根据句意可知，我正在填表。故用现在进行时。 考点：考查动词时态 完型填空 The Fitting-in of Suzy Khan The first time I saw Suzy Khan, I knew I had to help her. She was really small for her age of 12. The boy in my class often about her and laughed their hea

22、ds off. She would open a book, pretending to read, with tears dropping on the open page. All I knew was that she was an orphan (孤儿 ) from Africa. She had just been adopted by a family in town who that the best way for her to learn American ways of life was to be with american kids. I looked down at

23、this girl and promised myself that somehow I would help her. But how could I help her in with us There had to be a . One day, when I went into the classroom, I saw that Suzy had her geography book to a picture of a train, and in her notebook, she had made a(n) copy. I was surprised and thought that

24、she could do something in the coming show. So, I took her to see the art teacher, Miss Parker, and showed her what Suzy had . “why, its wonderful,” said Miss Parker, who then showed us a poster she had painted the talent show. “I need more of these, but I just dont have enough . Could you help me, S

25、uzy ” On the day of the talent show, Suzys were everywhere - all over the hall and all over the school, each one different. “And finally,” said Mr Brown, the schoolmaster, at the end of the show, “we have a (n) award. Im sure youve all noticed the wonderful posters.” Everyone nodded. “One of our own

26、 students them.” I could hear everyone whispering. “Who in our school could draw well ” Mr. Brown waited a while before saying, “ this student worked so hard on the posters, she deserves a ,too. Our mystery(神秘 ) artist is our new student - Suzy Khan!” Mr. Brown thanked her for all the wonderful post

27、ers and gave her a professional artists set. “Thank you,” she cried. I , at that time when I was looking at her excited face, shed probably never anything in her whole life. Everyone started to their hands. Suzy Khan gave them a shy smile and the applause was defening. I knew then Suzy was going to

28、ne all right. 【小题1】 A joked B cared C trains D worried A reported B decided C complained D questioned A rich B proud C tiny D popular A come B fall C fit D tie A manner B pattern C choice D way A read B taken C opened D put A free B perfect C final D extra A are B talk C quiz D talent A colored B wr

29、itten C carved D drawn A at B after C for D around A room B time C paper D interest A gifts B books C photos D posters A special B academic C national D rayal A painted B found C printed D collected A very B that C quite D too A If B Though C Unless D Since A prize B rank C rest D place A replied B

30、realized C remembered D regretted A offered B valued C owned D controlled A clap B wave C raise D shake 答案： 【小题 1】 A 【小题 2】 B 【小题 3】 C 【小题 4】 C 【小题 5】 D 【小题 6】 C 【小题 7】 B 【小题 8】 D 【小题 9】 D 【小题 10】 C 【小题 11】 B 【小题 12】 D 【小题 13】 A 【小题 14】 A 【小题 15】 B 【小题 16】 D 【小题 17】 A 【小题 18】 B 【小题 19】 C 【小题 20】 A 【

31、文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲了一个非洲来的儿童 Suzy被美国家庭收养，为让孩子了解美国生活，他们把孩子送进学校和美国孩子一起学习。但那些美国孩子却经常嘲笑她。一次偶然的机会， “我 ”发现了她的绘画才能，并把她介绍给艺术老师。艺术老师也认同她的绘画才能，让她帮自己制作才艺秀的海报。在才艺秀结束的时候，校长颁发给 Suzy一个特殊的奖项，同学们也认可和接纳了她。 【小题 1】 A 考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。根据语境，这里是说 “班里的男孩子会拿她开玩笑，然后就是哄 堂大笑。而她也只好眼含泪水地假装看书。 ”joke about 拿 开玩笑， care about介意，在乎， forge

32、t about忘记， worry about为 担忧。 【小题 2】 B 考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。这个非洲孤儿被美国家庭收养，美国家庭决定（认定）和美国孩子在一起才能让她学会美国生活方式。 decide这里是认定、断定的意思， report报告、报道， complain抱怨，投诉， question质疑，提问。 【小题 3】 C 考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文叙述，这个女孩比同龄 12岁的孩子都要瘦小，所以 “我 低头看着这个小小的女孩子，下决心无论如何都要帮助她 ”。 rich富有的， proud骄傲的， popular流行的，受欢迎的。显然都不符合语境。 tiny =very small

33、。 【小题 4】 C 考查动词词义辨析和上下文语境。我打算帮助这个女孩与大家融洽相处。文章标题已给出提示。 fit in with适合，与 一致。 【小题 5】 D 考查名词词义辨析。根据上文决定帮助小女孩与大家一致，必须寻找一个办法 /方法。 manner做事或行为方式 ,多指行动的特殊方式或独特的方法， pattern指模式、花样、图案等， choice指选择， way指方式、方法、手段等，可指一般的方法，有时也指个人的方法或方式。因为这里没有谈到什么方法，所以只能用笼统的方法 way。 【小题 6】 C 考查动词词义辨析和语境。 Suzy把书打开到火车图片那里。opento 把 翻到，

34、to是介词，表达 “到 地方 ”。其他均不合适。 【小题 7】 B 考查形容词词义辨析和上下文语境。她对火车图的复制，效果怎样要看文中第 44题后的陈述， “why, its wonderful”可知，非常好，与此题选项中的 perfect相近。 【小题 8】 D 考查名词词义辨析和上下文语境。根 据后文第 45题后的陈述 “the talent show”我们知道这是一个才艺秀。 【小题 9】 D 考查动词词义辨析和语境。根据上文陈述， Suzy在画火车，所以这里应该是 “我 ”把她画的东西展示给艺术老师看。 color意思为涂色和染色 , write书写， carve雕刻， draw画。

35、【小题 10】 C 考查介词。根据文章内容，这里是老师拿出一张 “为才艺秀 ”做的海报。 for意为 “为 ” 。 【小题 11】 B 考查名词词义辨析和语境。由该空前面 “more”和空后的 ”help”两个词可知，老师还需要更多的海报，但老师 “没有足够 的时间 ”，所以才请 Suzy帮忙制作。 【小题 12】 D 考查名词词义辨析和上下文语境。上文已谈到，艺术老师想让Suzy帮忙制作一些海报，所以，才艺秀当天应该到处都能看到 Suzy制作的海报。 【小题 13】 A 考查形容词词义辨析。才艺秀当天大家都表演了，还要颁发一个特殊的奖项给制作海报的人，因为制作海报原本不是才艺秀的内容。 【小

36、题 14】 A 考查动词词义辨析和上下文。文中这句话的意思说 “我们一个学生画了这些海报 ”，除了 draw以外，我们还可以使用 paint一词，表示绘画。 【小题 15】 B 考查副词词义。修饰形容词 或副词，表示那么，那样，我们一般用 so，也可以用 that，二者意思相近。 that well=so well。 【小题 16】 D 考查状语从句的连接词和上下文语境。 “因为这位同学如此努力地画了这些海报 ”，所以值得奖励。 since=now that/because。 【小题 17】 A 考查名词词义辨析和语境。因为努力画了这些海报，这位同学值得奖励。 prize奖励， rank等级，

37、秩序， rest休息， place地点，位置。 【小题 18】 B 考查动词词义辨析。该空描写作者的思想活动，是意识到她从来没有拥有过什么 ，这些成就和别人的承认第一次让她意识到自己的能力和重要。Reply回答， realize意识到， remember回忆， regret后悔，遗憾。 【小题 19】 C 考查动词词义辨析。因为是外来的移民，没有融入大家的生活中，这次活动让大家看到了她拥有的东西。 【小题 20】 A 考查动词词义辨析。因为她画得好，得到校长表扬，才能得到大家认可，所以大家为她鼓掌。 clap ones hands鼓掌。 考点：考查故事类完形填空 阅读理解 Multitaski

38、ng What is the first thing you nitice when you walk into a shop The products displayed (展示 ) at the entrance Or the soft background music But have you ever notice the smell Unless it is bad, the answer is likely to be no. But while a shops scent may not be outstanding compared with sightsand sounds,

39、 it is certainly there. And it is providing to be an increasing powerful tool in encouraging people to purchase. A brand store has become famous for its distinctive scent which floats through the fairly dark hall and out to the entrance, via scent machines. A smell may be attractive but it may not j

40、ust be used for freshening air. One sports goods company once reported that when it first introduced scent into its stores, customers intension to purchase increased by 80 percent. When it comes to the best shopping streets in Pairs, scent is just as important to a brands success as the quality of i

41、ts window displays and goods on slaes. That is mainly because shopping is a very different experience to what it used to be. Some years ago,the focus for brand name shopping was on a few people with sales assistants disproving attitude and dont-touch-what-you-cant-afford displays. Now the rise of el

42、ectronic commerce (e-commerce) has opened up famous brands to a wider audience. But while e-shops can use sights and sounds, only bricks-and-mortar stores (实体店 ) can offer a full experience from the minute customers step through the door to the moment they leave. Another brand store seeks to be much

43、 more than a shop, but rather a destination. And scent is just one way to achieve this. Now a famous store uses complex man-made smell to make sure that the soft scent of baby powder floats through the kid department, and coconut (椰子 ) scent in the swimsuit section. A department store has even opene

44、d a new lab, inviting customers on a journey into the stores windows to smell books, pots and drawers, in search of their perfect scent. 【小题 1】 According to the passage, what is an increasingly powerful tool in the success of some brand store A Friendly assistant. B Unique scents. C Soft background

45、music D attractive window display. 【小题 2】 E-shops are mentioned in the passage to _ . A ashow the advantages of brick-and-mortar stores B urge shop assistants to change their attitude C push stores to use sights and sounds D introduce the rise of e-commerce 【小题 3】 The underlined word “destination” i

46、n Paragraph 5 means _ . A a platform that exhibts goods B a spot where travelers like to stay C a place where customers love to go D a target that a store expects to meet 【小题 4】 The main purpose of the passage is to _ . A compare and evaluate B examine and assess C argue and discuss D inform and exp

47、lain 答案： 【小题 1】 B 【小题 2】 A 【小题 3】 C 【小题 4】 D 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了采用香味提高销售量的理念。文章讲述了香味对于传统实体店的影响。各大品牌店都加强了味觉对顾客消费欲求的刺激，并根据商品不 同调节香味。 【小题 1】 B 考查细节阅读。根据第二段 “And it is providing to be an increasing powerful tool in encouraging people to purchase”可知，此句中的 it指的是前面的scent.故此题选 B。 【小题 2】 A 考查判断推理。根据第五段 “whil

48、e e-shops only bricks -and-mortar stores (实体店 ) can offer a full experience”一句来判断，作者的倾向非 常明显，认为实体店能提供完成购物体验，即强调传统实体店的优势。故选 A。 【小题 3】 C 考查词义猜测。 “destination”的本意是目的地，与上面提到的 “shop”场地相通，但意义迥异，不仅是购物的地方，更多的是一种购物的完整体验，有视觉、听觉和味觉的多重享受。这里的意义是针对消费者而言的，而不是商店或商家。 A、 D 选项都是针对商家说的，而 B 跟文章没有关系。故本题选 C。 【小题 4】 D 考查主旨大意的推断。这篇文章主要是谈论香味对购物心理的影响，是一篇说明文，所以重在介绍和解释香味对于实体店的影响。 A项意 为对比和评估，对比谈到了，而评价涉及较少； B意为检测和评估，科学检测意味太浓，跟本文大意不符。 C项意为争辩，没有批评靶子的情况下，这种说法不成立。所以本题选