2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷）英语及答案解析.docx

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1、2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷）英语第卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）略第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）21. It is often the case _anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.A. whyB.whatC.as D.that解析：考査主语从句。本句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是连接词that做引导的主语从句，连接词that在本句中不充当任何成分，只是一个引导词而已，不能省略。连接副词why要在句中做状语，连接代词what通常在句中

2、做主语、宾语或表语等；as通常不引导名词性从句。句意：对于那些心存希望的人一切皆可能是事实。故D正确。答案：D22. More efforts, as reported, _in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform.A. are madeB. will be made C. are being madeD.have been made解析：考查时态语态。句意：正如报道的那样，在未来几年将做出的努力，以加速供给结构改革的速度。本句的时间状语“in the years ahead在未来的几年里”和将来时连用

3、，且efforts与动词make构成被动关系，所以使用被动语态。所以要使用一般将来时的被动语态形式，故B正确。答案：B23. Many young people, most _were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.A. of whichB. of them C. of whomD. of those解析：考査定语从句。本题定语从句的先行词是Many young people,关系代词whom指代先行词，在定语从句中作为介词of的宾语。句意：很多年羟人都前往偏远地区追求它们的梦想，其中大部分人都是受

4、过良好教肓。故C正确。 答案：C24. Can you tell us your_ for happiness and a long life? Living every day to the full, definitely.A.recipeB.recordC.rangeD.receipt解析：考查名词词义辨析。名词recipe秘诀，食谱，药方；record记录；range范围；receipt收据，收条；句意：你能告诉我你对幸福长寿的秘密吗？当然是尽情享受每一天。根据句意可知A项意为“秘诀”， 与上下文相符。答案：A25. He did not_ easily, but was willin

5、g to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause.A. approachB. wrestleC. compromiseD. communicate解析：考查动词辨析。动词approach靠近，接近；wrestle摔跤，斗争，努力解决；compromise妥协；和解；让步；communicate交流；句意：他并容易妥协，但是对于正义的事业，他愿意接受任何建设性的建议。根 据句意可知C项正确。答案：C26. _some people are motivated by a need for success, others are motiv

6、ated by a fear of failure.A.BecauseB. IfC. UnlessD. While解析：考査连词。连词because因为；if如果；unless除非，如果.不；while尽管；然而；当.时；句意：尽管一些人被成功的渴望驱使着，但是其他人却被失败的恐惧驱使着前进。根据句意可知上下文之间存在转 折关系，所以使用“while尽管”连接。故D项正确。答案：D27. If it_for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.A. had not beenB. should not be C. were

7、 not to beD. should not have been解析：考査虚拟语气。本句属于错综条件句的虚拟语气。if从句表示与过去事实相反，所以使用过去完成时，主句表示与现在事实相反，所以使用“情态动词+动词原形”。句意：如果不是因为前几天他的邀请，我现在就不会在这里了。故A正确。答案：A28. In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message_ within the work.A. to hideB. hidden C. hidingD.being hidden解析：考査分词做定语。本句中名词短语a sec

8、ret message与动词hide构成被动关系，所以使用过去分词短语bidden within the work在句中做后置定语，修饰名词短语a secret message，相当于定语从句that is biddenwith the work。AC职表示主动含义，D项强调正在进行，与语境不符。故B正确。答案：B29. Dashan, who_ crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it upwith the Western stand-up tradition.A. will be learn

9、ing B. is learningC. had been learningD. has been learning解析：考查时态。本句的时间状语是“for decades几十年来”，该时间状语通常和现在完成的有关时态连用，本句强调这几十年来大山一直努力把中国相声和西方的脱口秀相结合。所以使用现在完成进行时，强调动作的延续性和反复性。故D正确。答案：D30. Many businesses started up by college students have_thanks to the comfortable climate for businesscreation. A. fallen o

10、ffB. taken offC.turned offD. left off解析：考查动词短语辨析。短语fall off跌落，下降；take off起飞，成功，受欢迎；turn off关闭；leave off停止，中断；句意：由于良好的创业环境，很多大学生创办的生意都很成功。根据句意可知B正确。 答案：B31. His comprehensive surveys have provided the most_ statements of how, and on what basis, data arecollected.A. explicitB. ambiguousC. originalD. a

11、rbitrary解析：考査形容词词义辨析。形容词explicit明晰的，清楚的；ambiguous模棱两可的，含糊不清的；original原始的，最初的；arbitrary任意的，专制的；句意：对于如何以及在什么基础上收集数据，他的综合调査提 供了最清晰的说明。故A正确。答案：A32. Only those who have a lot in common can get along well._ . Opposites sometimes do attract.A. I hope notB. I think soC. I appreciate thatD. I beg to differ解析

12、：考查交际用语。I hope not我可不希望这样；I think so我认为如此；I appreciate that我很感激；I beg to differ恕我不能同意；本题的关键词是后句“Opposites sometimes do attract.”意见相反的人有时会相互吸引。说明对话两个人的意见并不一致。故D项“恕我不能同意”符合上下文。答案：D33. Parents should actively urge their children to_the opportunity to join sports teams.A. gain admission toB. keep track

13、ofC. take advantage ofD. give rise to解析：考查短语辨析。动词短语gain admission to获准进入；keep track of记录；take advantage of利用；give rise to引起；句意：父母亲应该积极鼓励孩子抓住机会参加体育活动。根据句意可知C项正确。答案：C34. Not until recently _the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.A. they had encouragedB. had they encouragedC.

14、did they encourage D. they encouraged解析：考査部分倒装。当not until所引导的时间状语放在句首的时候，主句要使用部分倒装句。排除AD项，B项为过去完成时，上下文中并没有体现出过去的过去的时间。句意：直到最近他们才鼓励在农村地区幵展与旅游业有关的活动。故C正确。答案：C35. Jack still cant help being anxious about his job interview.Lack of self-confidence is his_, I am afraid.A.AchillesheelB. childs play C. gree

15、n fingersD. last straw解析：考査谚语。Achillesheel唯一的致命的弱点；childs play容易做的事情；轻而易举的事情；green fingers擅长园艺的人；last straw压死骆驼的最后一根稻草。句意：一Jack仍然情不自禁地担心他的工作面试。一恐怕玦乏自信是他唯一的弱点。根据句意可知A项正确。答案：A第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）请阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Years ago, a critical event occurred in my life th

16、at would change it forever. I met Kurt Kampmeir of SuccessMotivation Incorporation for breakfast. While we were _36 ,Kurt asked me, “ John, what is your 37 forpersonal growth?Never at a loss for words, I tried to find things in my life that might 38 for growth. I told him about themany activities in

17、 which I was 39 . And I went into a 40 about how hard I worked and the gains I wasmaking. I must have talked for ten minutes. Kurt 41 patiently, but then he 42 smiled and said, “You donthave a personal plan for growth, do you?”“No, I 43 .“You know,” Kurt said simply, “growth is not a(n) 44 process.”

18、And thats when it 45 me. I wasnt doing anything 46 to make myself better.And at that moment, I made the 47 : I will develop and follow a personal growth plan for my 48 .That night, I talked to my wife about my 49 with Kurt and what I had learned. I 50 her the workbookand tapes Kurt was selling. We 5

19、1 that Kurt wasnt just trying to make a sale. He was offering a 52 forus to change our lives and achieve our dreams.Several important things happened that day. First, we decided to 53 the resources. But more importantly,we made a commitment to 54 together as a couple. From that day on, we learned to

20、gether, traveled together, and sacrificed together. It was a 55 decision. While too many couples grow apart, we were growing together.36.A. workingB. preparingC. thinkingD. eating解析：考査上下文串联。根据36空前“for breakfast”，可知我在吃早饭的时候遇见了Kurt,当我们正在吃饭的时候，他问我对个人成长有什么样的计划。故D项符合上下文串联。答案：D 37.A. suggestionB. demandC.

21、 planD. request解析：考査上下文串联。根据42空后“You dont have a personal plan for growth, do you?对于个人成长你并没有计划，是吧？”可知Kurt在问我个人成长计划是什么。故C项正确。答案：C38. A. appealB. lookC. callD. qualify解析：考査动词短语辩析。动词appeal呼吁，吸引（通常与to连用)；look for寻找；call for需要求，需要;qualify for有资格，能胜任；当Kurt提出这个问题的时候，我努力找出一些个人生活中与成长有关的事情。与ABC三项的语义不搭配。故D正确。答

22、案：D39. A. involvedB. trappedC. lostD. bathed解析：考査形容词短语。本句是定语从句，介词in提前至关系代词which之前。形容词短语be involved in参与；卷入be trapped in被困在.中；be lost in沉浸于；be bathed in被.笼罩;我告诉他很多我所参加的 活动。根据句意可知A正确。答案：A40.A. lectureB. speechC. discussionD. debate解析：考査名词辨析。名词lecture讲课，训话；speech演说，演讲；discussion讨论；debate辩论；争论；我在发表关于自己如

23、何努力工作并取得了很大的成就的演讲。与讨论、争论及讲课无关。故B正确。 答案：B41.A. calculatedB. listenedC. drankD. explained解析：考查上下文串联。动词calculate计算，估算；listen听；drink喝；explain解释；我讲了十几分钟自己的个人努力及成就，Kurt在耐心的听我说。故B正确。答案：B 42.A. eagerlyB. graduallyC. gratefullyD. finally解析：查副词辨析。副词eagerly急切地；gradually逐渐地；gratefully感激地；finally最后，终于；耐心地听我讲了很长时

24、间，最后他笑着对我说：对于个人成长你并没有计划，是吧？故D正确。答案：D43. A. admittedB. interruptedC. apologizedD. complained解析：考查动词辨析。动词admit承认；interrupt打断；apologize道歉；complain抱怨；“Kurt笑着对我说： 对于个人成长你并没有计划，是吧？”这是一个否定的反义疑问句，在回答的时候“no”翻译为“是的”。说明我承认自己并没有个人成长计划。故A项正确。答案：A44.A. automaticB. slowC. independentD. changing解析：考查形容词辨析。形容词automa

25、tic自动的；slow缓慢的；independent独立的；changing不断变化的； Kurt告诉我成长并不是一个自动的过程，一定要有计划性，有计划的个人成长才是有效的成长。从那以后我意识到自己在这方面的缺乏并作出改变。BCD三项与语义不搭配。答案：A45.A. confusedB. informedC. pleasedD. hit解析：查动词辨析。动词confuse使.困惑；inform通知；please使.高兴；取悦；hit击中；打动；触动； Kurt的话触动了我，我的确没有有意识地做一些事情让自己变得更好。故D项正确。答案：D46.A. on loanB. on purposeC.

26、on saleD. on balance解析：考查介词辨析。介词on loan暂借，出借的；on purpose故意地；on sale降价出售；on balance总之；他的话让我意识到自己的确没有有意地做一些让自己更好的事情。故B项正确。 答案：B47.A. commentB. announcementC. decision D. arrangement解析：考查上下文串联。根据文章55空It was a 55 decision.可知我做出了一个决定：要为我的生活做一个个人的成长计划。故C项正确。答案：C48.A. lifeB. progressC. performanceD. invest

27、ment 解析：考查上下文串联。名词life生活；progress进步；performance表现；investment投资；根据what is your37 for personal growth?可知这个计划是为个人成长计划，是与个人生活有关的计划。BCD三项都属于A项的范围。故A正确。答案：A49.A. contractB. conversationC. negotiationD. argument 解析：考查上下文串联。名词contract合同，契约；conversation对话；negotiation谈判；协商；argument争论；根据文章前两段可知我和Kurt在吃早饭的时候，进行

28、了一次关于个人成长计划的谈话。故B正确。答案：B50.A. lentB. soldC. showedD. offered解析：考査动词辨祈。动词lend借入；sell出售；show展示；offer提供；我向妻子展示了Kurt正在出售的 书和磁带。我们意识到他并不是想向我们兜售自己的书而是给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。故ABD三项语义不搭配。故C正确。答案：C51.A. recalled B. definedC. recognizedD. declared解析：考査动词辩祈。动词recall回忆；define定义；recognize意识到；认出；declare宣布；我们意识到他并不是想向

29、我们兜售自己的书，而是给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。根据句意可知C项正确。答案：C52.A. toolB. method C. wayD. rule解析：考査名词辩析。名词tool工具；method方法（通常和介词with连用)；way方法；rule规则；Kurt给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。B项的介词搭配错误。故C正确。答案：C53.A. provideB. buyC. give D. deliver解析：考査上下文串联。根据文章前一段可知我们意识到他并不是想向我们兜售自己的书，而是给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。说明我们认可了他的观点，所以我们购买了他的书和磁带等资源

30、。故B正确。答案：B54.A. growB. surviveC. move D. gather解析：考査上下文串联。根据上文可知Kurt和我谈论的是个人成长的话题，我和妻子在他的影响下承诺共同成长，一起进步。故A正确。答案：A55. A. difficultB. randomC. firmD. wise解析：考査上下文串联。根据后句：While too many couples grow apart, we were growing together可知我和妻子一起成长。说明他的资源对我们有很好的作用，我们做出的是一个明智的决定。故D项正确。答案：D第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，

31、满分30分）请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑。ADayschool ProgramSecondary students across Toronto District School Board(TDSB) are invited to take one or twoe-Learning courses on their day school timetable. Students will remain on the roll at their dayschool.The on-line classroom provides a

32、n innovative relevant and interactive Learning environment. The courses and on-line classroom are provided by the Ministry of EducationThese on-line coursesare taught by TDSB secondary school teachersare part of the TDSB Students time table; andappear on the Students report upon completionBenefits o

33、f e-LearningInclude:Access to courses that may not be available at his or her TDSB schoolUsing technology to provide students with current information: and.assistance to solve timetable conflicts Ise-Learning forYou?Students who are successful in on-line course are usually;able to plan, organize tim

34、e and complete assignments and activities;capable of working independently in a responsible and honest manner; and ,able to regularly use a computer or mobile device with internet accessStudents need to spend at least as much time with their on-line course work as they would in a face-to-face classr

35、oom course.56. E-Learning courses are different from other TDSB courses in that .A. they are given by best TDSB teachers.B. they are not on the day school timetable.C. they are not included on studentsreports.D. they are an addition to TDSB courses.解析：推理判断题。根据Benefits of e-Learning部分Include:Access t

36、o courses that may not be available at his orher TDSB school.可知该网络学习涵盖一些TDSB学桉里设有的课程。也就是说E-Learning中的一些课程是TDSB课程的一些有益的扑充。故D项正确。答案：D 57. What do students need to do before completing e-learning courses?A. To learn information technology on-line.B. To do their assignments independently.C. To update th

37、eir mobile devices regularly.D. To talk face to face with their teachers.解析：推理判断题。根据Is e-Learning for You?部分Students who are successful in on-line course are usually;capable of working independently in a responsible and honest manner;可知只要那些以负责任地诚实的态度能够独立完成作业的学生才可以在这项课程中取得成功。故B项正确。答案：B BChimps(黑猩猩) w

38、ill cooperate in certain ways, like gathering in war parties to protect their territory. Butbeyond the minimum requirements as social beings, they have little instinct (本能) to help one another. Chimps inthe wild seek food for themselves. Even chimp mothers regularly decline to share food with their

39、children. Who areable from a young age to gather their own food.In the laboratory, chimps dont naturally share food either. If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in oneplate of food for himself or, with no great effort, a plate that also provides food for a neighbor to the next cage, hewill

40、pull at random -he just doesnt care whether his neighbor gets fed or not. Chimps are truly selfish.Human children, on the other hand are extremely corporative. From the earliest ages, they decide to help others,to share information and to participate a achieving common goals. The psychologist Michae

41、l Tomasello has studied this cooperativeness in a series of expensive with very young children. He finds that if babies aged 18 months seean worried adult with hands full trying to open a door, almost all will immediately try to help.There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help, infor

42、m and share are not taught .but naturallypossessed in young children. One is that these instincts appear at a very young age before most parents have startedto train children to behave socially. Another is that the helping behaviors are not improved if the children are rewarded. A third reason is th

43、at social intelligence. Develops in children before their general cognitive（认知的）skills,at least when compared with chimps.In tests conducted by Tomtasell, the children did no better than the chimps on the physical world tests, but were considerably better at understanding the social worldThe cure of

44、 what childrens minds have and chimps dont in what Tomasello calls what. Part of this ability isthat they can infer what others know or are thinking. But that, even very young children want to be part of a sharedpurpose. They actively seek to be part of a “we”, a group that intends to work toward a

45、shared goal.58. What can we learn from the experiment with chimps?A. Chimps seldom care about othersinterests.B. Chimps tend to provide food for their children.C. Chimps like to take in their neighborsfood. D. Chimps naturally share food with each other.解析：推理判断题。根据文意第二段后两句“if a chimp is put in a cag

46、e where he can pull in one plate of food forhimself or,.he will pull at random -he just doesnt care whether his neighbor gets fed or not. Chimps are trulyselfish”可知黑猩猩很自私，通常会把邻居的食物搞的一团糟。说明他们根本不关心其他人的利益。故A正确。答案：A59. Michael Tomasellos tests on young children indicate that they_.A. have the instinct t

47、o help othersB. know how to offer help to adults C. know the world better than chimpsD. trust adults with their hands full解析：推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句He finds that if babies aged 18 months see an worried adult withhands full trying to open 3 door, almost all will immediately try to help.和第四段第一句There are sever

48、al reasonsto believe that the urges to help, inform and share are not taught .but naturally possessed in young children.可知只有18个月的孩子就知道去帮助他人，而且帮助他人的做法并不是父母亲教的，属于人类的本能。故A项正确。答案：A60. The passage is mainly about _. A. the helping behaviors of young childrenB. ways to train childrens shared intentionalit

49、yC. cooperation as a distinctive human natureD. the development of intelligence in children解析：主旨大意题。本文属于科普说明文，作者从猩猩的自私行为导入到人类无私帮助他人的本能，分析了人类愿意帮助他人、愿意与他人合作的本能天性的原因。ABD都属于文章的部分内容，并非中心思想。 故C项正确。答案：C CEl Nifio, a Spanish term for “the Christ child”, was named by South American fisherman who noticed that theglobal weather pattern, which happens every two to seven years, reduced the amount of fishes caught aroundChristmas. El Nifio sees warm water, collected over several years in the western Pacifi