2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（湖北卷）英语及答案解析.docx

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1、2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（湖北卷）英语本试题卷共81题。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）（略）第二部分：词汇知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节：多项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。例：To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to knowtheir _ and weaknessesA. strengths B. benefitsC. techniquesD. value

2、s答案：A21. When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his _ and had a bad fall.A. balanceB .chanceC .memoryD .place解析：句意：男孩在追他哥哥时，重重地摔了一跤。A项“平衡”；B项“机会”；C项“记忆”；D项“地方”。lose ones balance“失去平衡”。故选A项。答案：A 22. He gave himself a new name to hide his _ when he went to carry out the secret task.A. emo

3、tionB. talentC. identityD. treasure解析：句意：他执行一项秘密任务时，给自己起了一个新的名字来掩盖身份。A项“情绪”；B项“才能”；C项“身份”；D项“财富”。故选C项。答案：C23. The team are working hard to _ the problem so that they can find the best solution.A. faceB. preventC. raise D. analyze解析：句意：团队正在努力分析这一问题一遍找到解决问题的办法。A项“面对”；B项“阻止”；C项“提出，举起”；D项“分析”。故选D项。答案：D

4、24. In order not to be heard, she pointed her finger upwards to _ that someone was movingabout upstairs.A. whisperB. signalC. declareD. complain解析：句意：为了能够被听到，她手指向上指，示意有人正在楼上走动。A项“低声说，私语”；B项“发信号，（用手势）示意”；C项“（正式）宣称”；D项“抱怨”。故选B项。答案：B25. There is no doubt that this candidates advantage _ his ability to

5、communicate withforeigners in English.A. leaves out B. goes againstC. lies inD. makes up解析：句意：毫无疑问，这位候选人的优势在于他能够用英语和外国人交流。A项“遗漏，省略”；B项“违背，和作对”；C项“在于”；D项“编造，组成，化妆，和好”。故选C项。答案：C26. Dont worry. Im sure your missing glasses will _ sooner or later.A. stand outB. break upC. get outD. turn up 解析：句意：别担心。我相信

6、你丢失的眼镜迟早会出现的。A项“突出”；B项“结束，解散，分手”；C项“出去，出版，被泄露”；D项“出现，露面”。故选D项。答案：D27. Even though the conference hall is near his apartment, he has to hurry a little if he wants tobe_.A. accurateB. punctualC. efficientD. reasonable解析：句意：尽管会议大厅靠近他的公寓，如果他想要准时的话，还是必须快点。A项“精确的”；B项“守时的，准时的”；C项“有效率的”；D项“合理的”。故选D项。答案：D 28

7、. I dont think what he said is _ to the topic we are discussing . He has missed the point.A. faithfulB. parallel C. relevantD. similar解析：句意：我认为他所说的和我们今天讨论的话题无关。他没有抓住要点。A项“忠实的，忠诚的”；B项“与平行”；C项“和相关”；D项“和相似”。be relevant to“和相关”。故选C项。答案：C29. The girl used to be shy, but is _ getting active in group work

8、and is more willing to expressherself.A. graduallyB. usuallyC. previouslyD. merely 解析：句意：那个女孩过去很害羞，但现在团队合作越来越积极，（比以前）更愿意表达自己的想法。A项“逐渐地”；B项“通常，经常”；C项“以前”；D项“仅仅”。故选A项。答案：A30. This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you _ that if you smokedhere you would be fined.A. in advanceB. i

9、n detailC. in totalD. in general解析：句意：这个会议室是无烟区域。我想提前警告你：如果你在这里吸烟，会别罚款。A项“提前”；B项“详细地”；C项“总共，总计”；D项“大体上，笼统地”。故选A项。答案：A 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。“Daily Star, sir” called Jason, carrying some newspapers under his arm. The little boy hadbeen running up and

10、 down the street, but there were still twenty 31 left. His voice wasalmost gone and his heart was 32 . The shops would soon close, and all the peoplewould go home. He would have to go home too, carrying the papers 33 money. He hadhoped to sell more papers tonight to make more money to buy a 34 for h

11、is mother andsome seeds for his bird. That was why he had bought the papers with all his money. He 35as he thought of his failure to sell all his papers.“You dont know the 36 of selling papers. You must shout, “Hot news! Bomb bursting!” another newsboy Chad told Jason. “ 37 its not in the paper at a

12、ll,” repliedJason. “Just run away quickly 38 they have time to see, and youll 39 outand get your money,” Chad said.It was a new 40 to Jason. He thought of his bird with no 41 and the cake hewanted to buy for his mother, but was 42 that he would not tell a lie. Though he was 43 a poor newsboy, he had

13、 been 44 some good things.The next afternoon Jason went to the office for his papers 45 . Several boys werecrowding around Chad, who declared with a 46 smile that he sold six dozen the daybefore. He added that Jason 47 money because he would not tell a lie. The boy 48at Jason. “You wouldnt tell a li

14、e yesterday, my boy?” A gentleman at the office came up andpatted Jasons shoulder 49 .”Youre just the boy I am looking for.” A week later Jasonstarted his new 50 . He lost sale of twenty papers because he would not tell a lie, but gota well-paid job because he told the truth.31.A. shopsB. coinsC. pe

15、opleD. papers 解析：考查名词。根据上文“, carrying some newspapers”可知，此处表示还剩20份报纸没卖完。A项“商店”；B项“硬币”；C项“人”；D项“报纸”。故选D项。答案：D32.A. openB. heavyC. pureD. weak解析：考查形容词。根据上文可知，小男孩还有20份报纸没卖完，因而心情十分沉重。A项“敞开心扉”；B项“心情沉重”；C项“纯粹，纯净”；D项“虚弱”。故选B项。答案：B 33.A. instead ofB. in return forC. regardless ofD. in exchange for解析：考查介词短语。

16、根据下文“to make more money to”可知，小男孩准备把剩下的报纸而不是钱带回家。A项“代替，而不是”；B项“作为回报”；C项“不管，不顾”；D项“以换取”。故选A项。答案：A34.A. cup B. cardC. combD. cake 解析：考查名词。根据下文“and the cake he wanted to buy”可知，小男孩想挣更多的钱给母亲买一块蛋糕和鸟食。A项“茶杯”；B项“卡片”；C项“梳子”；D项“蛋糕”。故选D项。答案：D35.A. gave inB. broke downC. got awayD. showed up解析：考查动词短语。句意：当他想到没能

17、卖完报纸，他一下子垮掉了。A项“让步，屈服”；B项“精神崩溃”；C项“离开，逃走”；D项“出现，露面”。故选B项。 答案：B36.A. difficultyB. processC. goalD. secret解析：考查名词。句意：你不知道卖报纸的秘诀。你必须大喊：“热点新闻！爆炸新闻！”A项“困难”；B项“过程”；C项“目标”；D项“秘诀”。故选D项。答案：D37. A.AndB. ButC. ForD. So解析：考查连词。句意：“（事实上）报纸上根本就没有。”此处语义与上文转折，故用转折连词but。A项表示承接；B项表示转折；C项表示原因；D项表示结果。故选B项。答案：B38.A. bef

18、oreB. sinceC. though D. unless解析：考查连词。句意：在他们有时间看之前，迅速跑掉。A项“在之前”；B项“自从”；C项“尽管”；D项“除非”。故选A项。答案：A 39.A. callB. dropC. sellD. reach解析：考查动词。句意：你就会把报纸卖完，拿到钱。A项“大声叫喊”；B项“退学，退出”；C项“卖完”；D项“伸出（手）”。故选C项。答案：C40.A. editionB. idea C. policyD. task解析：句意：这对Jason来说是个新主意。A项“版本”；B项“主意，想法”；C项“政策”；D项“任务”。故选B项。答案：B41.A.

19、breadB. insectsC. seedsD. water 解析：考查名词。根据上文“he wanted to buy a 34 for his mother and some seedsfor his bird”可知，此处意为“没有鸟食”。A项“面包”；B项“昆虫”；C项“鸟食”；D项“水”。故选C项。答案：C42.A. concernedB. amazedC. excitedD. determined解析：考查形容词。句意：，但他坚决不会说谎。A项“担心的”；B项“惊讶的”；C项“激动的，兴奋的”；D项“坚定的，坚决的”。故选D项。 答案：D43.A. stillB. alreadyC

20、. just D. also解析：考查副词。句意：尽管他仅仅是个贫穷的卖报郎，他受过良好的教育。A项“仍然”；B项“已经”；C项“仅仅”；D项“也”。故选C项。答案：C44.A. taughtB. handedC. awardedD. allowed解析：考查动词。根据句意可知，他受过良好的教育。A项“教授”；B项“上交”；C项 “奖励”；D项“允许”。故选A项。答案：A45.A. at onceB. by chanceC. as usualD. on purpose解析：考查固定搭配。句意：第二天下午，Jason像往常一样去邮局取报纸。A项“立即”；B项“偶然”；C项“像往常一样”；D项“故

21、意地”。故选C项。答案：C 46.A. proudB. gentleC. warmD. polite解析：考查形容词。句意：好几个男孩都簇拥着Chad，他面带微笑，自豪地宣称：前一天他卖了72份报纸。A项“自豪的”；B项“温和的”；C项“温暖的”；D项“有礼貌的”。故选A项。答案：A47.A. borrowed B. lostC. madeD. saved解析：考查动词。句意：他补充说道Jason因为不愿说谎没挣到钱。A项“借”；B项“失去（没挣到）”；C项“挣得”；D项“节省”。故选B项。 答案：B48.A. laughedB. shoutedC. noddedD. started解析：考查

22、动词。句意：男孩们都对Jason嘲笑，“老弟，昨天你不愿撒谎？”。A项“嘲笑”；B项“大叫，大嚷”；C项“点头”；D项“盯着看”。故选A项。答案：A 49.A. bravelyB. gratefulC. fondlyD. modestly解析：考查副词。句意：邮局里的一位绅士走上前来，喜爱地轻拍了Jason的肩膀。“你就是我在找的男孩。”A项“勇敢地”；B项“感激地”；C项“喜爱地”；D项“谦虚地”。故选C项。答案：C50. A. dutyB. businessC. jobD. method解析：考查名词。根据下文可知，Jason获得了一份薪水丰厚的工作。A项“责任，义务”；B项“生意”；C项

23、“工作”；D项“方法”。故选C项。答案：C第三部分：阅读理解（共2 0小题；每小题2分，满分4 0分）阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 A“I see youve got a bit of water on your coat,” said the man at the petrol station. “Is it rainingout there?”“No, its pretty nice,” I replied, checking my sleeve. “Oh, right. A pony(马驹) bit meearlier.”As it h

24、appened, the bite was virtually painless: more the kind of small bite you might get from a naughty child. The pony responsible was queuing up for some ice cream in the car parknear Haytor, and perhaps thought Id jumped in ahead of him.The reason why the ponies here are naughty is that Haytor is a to

25、urist-heavy area and touristsare constantly feeding the ponies foods, despite sighs asking them not to. By feeding the ponies,tourists increase the risk of them getting hit by a car, and make them harder to gather during theareas annual pony drift(迁移).The purpose of a pony drift is to gather them up

26、 so their health can be checked, the baby onescan be stooped from feeding on their mothers milk, and those whove gone beyond their limitedarea can be returned to their correct area. Some of them are also later sold, in order to limit thenumber of ponies according to the rules set by Natural England.

27、Three weeks ago, I witnessed a small near-disaster a few mils west of here. While walking, Inoticed a pony roll over on his back. “Hello!” I said to him, assuming he was just rolling for fun,but he was very still and, as I got closer, I saw him kicking his legs in the air and breathing heavily. I be

28、gan to properly worry about him. Fortunately, I managed to get in touch with a DartmoorsLivestock Protection officer and send her a photo. The officer immediately sent a local farmer outto check on the pony. The pony had actually been trapped between two rocks. The farmer freedhim, and he began to r

29、un happily around again.Dartmoor has 1,000 or so ponies, who play a critical role in creating the diversity of speciesin this area. Many people are working hard to preserve these ponies, and trying to come up withplans to find a sustainable(可持续的) future for one of Dartmoors most financially-troubled

30、elements.51. Why are tourists asked not to feed the ponies?A. To protect the tourists from being bittenB. To keep the ponies off the petrol stationC. To avoid putting the ponies in dangerD. To prevent the ponies from fighting 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段尾句“By feeding the ponies, tourists increase the risk of them

31、getting hit by a car, and make them harder to gather during the areas annual pony drift(迁移).”知不让游客给马驹喂食是为了避免使马驹处于危险当中。故选C项。答案：C52. One of the purposes of the annual pony drift is _.A. to feed baby ponies on milkB. to control the number of poniesC. to expand the habitat for poniesD. to sell the ponie

32、s at a good price解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段内容“The purpose of a pony drift is to Some of them arealso, in order to limit the number of ponies”可知马驹迁移目的之一是为了控制马驹的数量。故选B项。答案：B53. What as the authors first reaction when he saw a pony roll on its back? A. He freed it from the trapB. He called a protection officerC.

33、He worried about it very muchD. He thought of it as being naughty解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“, assuming he was just rolling for fun,”可知作者认为小马驹很淘气，滚着玩的。故选D项。答案：D54. What does the author imply about the preservation of Dartmoors ponies?A. It lacks peoples involvement.B. It costs a large amount of money C. It wil

34、l affect tourism in Dartmoor.D. It has caused an imbalance of species解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中尾句“Many people are working hard to preserve theseponies, and trying to come up with plans to find a sustainable(可持续的) future for one ofDartmoors most financially-troubled elements.”可知保护马驹是对Dartmoor来说是一笔很大的开销。故选B项。答案

35、：B BWhat Theresa Loe is doing proves that a large farm isnt prerequisite for a moderngrow-your-own lifestyle. On a mere 1/10 of an acre in Los Angeles, Loe and her family grow, can(装罐) and preserve much of the food they consume.Loe is a master food preserver, gardener and canning expert. She also op

36、erates a website,where she shares her tips and recipes, with the goal of demonstrating that every has the ability tocontrol whats on their plate.Loe initially went to school to become an engineer, but she quickly learned that herenthusiasm was mainly about growing and preparing her own food. “I got

37、into cooking my ownfood and started growing my own herbs (香草) and foods for that fresh flavor,”she said. Engineerby day, Loe learned cooking at night school. She ultimately purchased a small piece of land withher husband and began growing their own foods.“I teach people how to live farm-fresh withou

38、t a farm,” Loe said. Through her website Loeemphasizes that “anybody can do this anywhere.” Got an apartment with a balcony(阳台)? Plantsome herbs. A window? Perfect spot for growing. Start with herbs, she recommends, because“theyre very forgiving.” Just a little of the herbs “can take your regular co

39、oking to a whole new level,” she added. “I think its a great place to start.” “Then? Try growing something from a seed,she said, like a tomato or some tea.”Canning is a natural extension of the planting she does. With every planted food. Loe noted,theres a moment when its bursting with its absolute

40、peak flavor. “I try and keep it in a timecapsule in a canning jar,” Loe said. “Canning for me is about knowing whats in your food,knowing where it comes from.” In addition to being more in touch with the food shes eating, another joy comes from passingthis knowledge and this desire for good food to

41、her children: “Influencing them and telling themyour opinion on not only being careful what we eat but understanding the bigger picture,” she said,“that if we dont take care of the earth, no will.”55. The underlined word “prerequisite” (Pare. 1) is closest in meaning to “_”.A. recipeB. substituteC.

42、requirementD. challenge解析：词义猜测题。根据首段第二句“On a mere 1/10 of an acre and preserve much of thefood they consume”可知面积并不是硬要求。该句句意为：Loe在那里所做的一切证明，一个大农场对“自己种植”现代生活方式来说并不是一个硬要求。故选C项。 答案：C56. Why does Loe suggest starting with herbs?A. They are used daily.B. They are easy to grow.C. They can grow very tallD.

43、They can be eaten uncooked解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“Start with herbs Just a little of the herbs ”可知香草很容易生长。故选B项。答案：B57.According to Loe, what is the benefit of canning her planted foods? A. It can preserve their best flavorB. It can promote her online salesC. It can better her cooking skillsD. It can improve

44、their nutrition解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中“there is a moment when its bursting with its absolute peakflavor. I try to keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar,”可知将种植的事物装入密封罐中保存的好处是能够保持最佳的风味。故选A项。答案：A58.What is the“the bigger picture”(Para. 6) that Loe wishes her children to understand?A. The knowledge about g

45、ood foodB. The way to live a grow-our-own life C. The joy of getting in touch with foodsD. The responsibility to protect our earth解析：同义猜测题。根据最后一段中尾句“that if we dont take care of the earth, no one will”可知the bigger picture指的是保护地球的责任。故选D项。 答案：D CHilversum is a medium-sized city between the major citie

46、s of Amsterdam and Utrecht in theGooi area of North Holland, the Netherlands. Unlike most of the Netherlands, Hilversum isactually in a hilly area with the soil mostly consisting of sand. Once called the Garden ofAmsterdam, it still attracts travelers to come over to cycle and walk through the surro

47、undingforests. They visit it for a relaxing day off from the urban madness. For Dutch people, Hilversumis all about textile(纺织) and media industries, and modern architecture.In history, Hilversum was largely an agricultural area. Daily life was marked by farming,sheep raising and wool production. A

48、railway link to Amsterdam in 1874 attracted rich tradersfrom Amsterdam to Hilversum. They build themselves large villas(别墅) in the wooded surroundings of the town. One of the families moving in was the Brenninkmeijers, currently thewealthiest family of the Netherlands. They moved in after big succes

49、s in the textile industry andaided a substantial textile industry in Hilversum. But the textile boom lasted only several decades.The last factory closed in the 1960s.The change to a media economy started in 1920, when the Nederlandse SeintoestedllenFabriek (NSF) established a radio factory in Hiversum. Most radio stations called in the largevillas in the leafy areas of the town. Television gave another push to the local economy. Hilversumbecame the media capital of the Netherlands, and Dutch televison stars moved into the leafyneighborho