2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷）英语及答案解析.docx

《2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷）英语及答案解析.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷）英语及答案解析.docx（17页珍藏版）》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。

1、2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷）第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）从每题所给的ABCD四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。例：Its so nice to hear from her again. _ , we last met more than thirty years ago.A. Whats moreB. Thats to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是D。21. Volunteering gives you a chance _ lives, includ

2、ing your own. A. changeB. changingC. changedD. to change解析：该题考查非谓语动词的用法。此处chance意为机会，用法为sb. get/have/be given achance to do sth.意为有机会干某事。该题句意为，志愿活动给予你改变生活的机会，包括改变你自己的生活。答案：D22. Dont turn off the computer before closing all programs _ you could haveproblemsA. orB. and C. butD. so解析：该题考查连词的辨析。根据you co

3、uld have problems可知，此处是虚拟语气的用法，而选项中只有or和but是和虚拟语气连用的，用法为：有时候，虚拟不是通过if引导的条件句来表示，而是暗含在上下文中。用otherwise，or，even though等表示与上文的情况相反，从而引出虚拟语气。答案：A23. Shakespeares play Hamlet _ into at least ten different films over the past years.A. had been madeB. was madeC. has been madeD. would be made 解析：该题考查句子时态。本题考查

4、学生对于时态的标志性时间状语的掌握情况。题中over/inthe past years是一般现在时的标志，因此选择C项，句意为，莎士比亚的喜剧“哈姆雷特”在过去的这么多年中，已经被制成了至少十种不同的电影。答案：C 24. _ the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.A. FindB. FindingC. To findD. Found解析：该题考查非谓语动词的用法。根据句子结构可知，_ the course verydifficult在句中作原因状语（非谓语），因此排除A选项，find的逻辑主语是she，

5、并且存在主动关系，因此排除D选项。C选项表示目的，根据句意可以排除，因此选择B项。答案：B25. -Do you think Mom and Dad _ late?-No, SwissAir is usually on time.A. were B. will beC. would beD. have been解析：该题考查一般将来时的用法。答句中的No,是根据SwissAir is usually on time的猜测，因此可知Mon and Dad还没有回来，答句只是根据已知的信息对将要发生的事情进行的预测，因此选择B选项，一般将来时。答案：B26. I have an appointme

6、nt _ Dr. Smith, but I need to change it.A. toB. offC. withD. from 解析：该题考查固定搭配。have an appointment with sb.是固定词组，意为和某人有一个约会/约定。答案：C27. Many countries are now setting up national parks _ animals and plants can beprotected.A. whenB. whichC. whoseD. where解析：该题考查定语从句的用法。根据句型结构和句意可知，此处是定语从句，修饰先行词national

7、parks,先行词在从句中充当地点状语，因此选择D。答案：D 28. Hurry up! Mark and Carl _ us.A. expectB. are expectingC. have expected D. will expect解析：该题考查现在进行时的用法。根据Hurry up!可知，we还在路上，还没有达到预定的目的地，而在目的地有两个人Mark and Carl在那里正等着we。因此选择B项。答案：B29. When we saw the road _ with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.A. blockB.

8、to blockC. blockingD. blocked解析：该题考查非谓语动词的用法。根据句子结构可知，此处的block是非谓语，作road的宾语补足语，而同时road和block之前存在着被动关系，因此选择D项。答案：D 30. I took my driving license with me on holiday, _ I wanted to hire a car.A. in caseB. even ifC. ever sinceD. if only解析：该题考查词组辨析。in case意为以防万一，even if意为即使，尽管，ever since自从，if only要是就好了/多

9、好啊。答案：A31. _ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.A. ThatB. WhatC. Who D. Which解析：该题考查主语从句的用法。根据.is the creative imagination of the writer可知，_ makes the book so extraordinary是一个主语从句，作is的主语。同时，从句中，makes缺少主语，因此选择B项（what在名词性从句中充当主语、宾语或者表语）。答案：B32. -So what is the pr

10、ocedure?-All the applicants _ before a final decision is made by the authority.A. interviewB. are interviewingC. are interviewedD. are being interviewed解析：该题考查被动语态。applicant申请人和interview面试/采访之间是被动关系，因此排 斥A和B项。根据问句，“那么，程序是怎样的？”可知，整个过程还尚未开始，D项是现在进行时，意为正在发生因此排除D项。答案：C 33. Experts believe _ people can w

11、aste less food by shopping only when it isnecessary.A. whyB. whereC. thatD. what解析：该题考查宾语从句的用法。根据句子结构可知，_ people can waste lessfood by shopping only when it is necessary作believe的宾语，因此是宾语从句，从句中成分、句意完整。That在名词性从句中不充当成分，也没有意义，因此选择C项。意为专家认为人们可以通过在必须的时候才购物的方式来减少浪费食物。why作原因状语，答案：C34. If we _ a table earli

12、er, we couldnt be standing here in a queue. A. have bookedB. bookedC. bookD. had booked解析：该题考查if引导的虚拟条件句的用法。根据we couldnt be standing here in a queue可知，该句是if引导的虚拟条件句。根据earlier可知，从句是对过去的虚拟，对过去虚拟时，从句应该用had done结构，因此选择D项。答案：D35. -You neednt take an umbrella. It isnt going to rain.-Well, I dont know. It

13、_ do.A. mightB. need C. wouldD. should解析：该题考查情态动词的辨析。根据I dont know.可知，答句中含有不确定的口气，因此应当选择“可能”，即A项。句意为，-你不需要带雨伞，不会下雨的。-额，我不知道，有可能要下雨的。need意为需要，would意为将要、会，should意为应当。其中would和should都有比较有把握，肯定的含义，故排除。答案：A第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ALeap(跳跃) to HonorLeaping on a nar

14、row balance beam(平衡木) is not easy. But Lola Walter, a 13-year-oldgymnast, is an expert at it. To perfect her skills, Lola 36 for four hours a day, five days a week. At the statechampionships in March, she finished seventh out of 16 girls.Thats especially impressive, 37 she is legally blind, born wit

15、h a rare conditionthat causes her eyes to shift constantly. She often sees double and cant 38 how faraway things are. When she was little, her mom 39 that even though she couldnt see 40 ,she was fearless. So her mom signed her up for gymnastics when she was three. She loved the41 right away and gymn

16、astics became her favorite.Though learning gymnastics has been more 42 for her than for some of hertournaments, she has never quit. She doesnt let her 43 stop her from doing anythingthat she wants to.She likes the determination it takes to do the sport. Her biggest 44 is the balancebeam. Because she

17、 has double vision, she often sees two beams. She must use her sense of touchto help her during her routine. Sometimes she even closes her eyes. “You have to 45your mind that itll take you where you want to go,” says Lola.To be a top-level gymnast, one must be brave. The beam is probably the most 46

18、for anyone because its four inches wide. At the state competition, Lola didnt fall 47the beam. In fact, she got an 8.1 out of 10- her highest score yet. Lola doesnt want to be 48 differently from the other girls on her team. At thecompetitions, the judges dont know about her vision 49 . She doesnt t

19、ell them, becauseshe doesnt think they need to know. Her mom is amazed by her 50 attitude.Lola never thinks about 51 . She is presently at level 7 while the highest is level 10in gymnastics. Her 52 is to reach level 9. She says she wants to be a gymnastics coachto pass down what shes learned to othe

20、r kids 53 she grew up.Lola is 54 of all her hard work and success. She says its helped her overcomeproblems in her life outside gymnastics, too. Her 55 for others is “just believeyourself”.36.A. runsB. teachesC. trains D. dances解析：根据上一句中的a 13-year-old gymnast可知，Lola是一个体操运动员，因此，To perfecther skills为了

21、练习她的体操技巧，她每天训练（train)四个小时。run跑步teach教书dance跳舞与其体操运动员的身份不符。答案：C37.A. sinceB. unlessC. afterD. though解析：根据she is legally blind可知，这是她取得的成绩给人留下深刻印象的原因，因此选择A，意为因为。句意为，她在16个女孩中取得了第七名的成绩。这给人们留下了深刻的印象，因为她在法定上讲是盲人。unless除非，after在之后，though尽管。 答案：A38.A. tellB. guessC. assume D. predict解析：tell告诉，辨别，断定guess猜测ass

22、ume假定predict预测根据前一句She often seesdouble可知，她看到的是双重影像，因此无法辨别出物体离她有多远。答案：A39.A. suspectedB. rememberedC. imaginedD. noticed解析：suspect怀疑remember记得imagine想象notice注意到句意为：在她小的时候，她的妈妈注意到她尽管看不清东西，但是她不害怕。答案：D40. A. deeplyB. wellC. aheadD. closely解析：根据上文的“born with a rare condition that causes her eyes to shif

23、t constantly. She oftensees double”可知，她是能看到东西的，只不过看到的是双重影像，看不清楚，因此选择B。deeply在深处，深深地，ahead在前面closely接近地，靠近地。答案：B41.A. taskB. sportC. evenD. show 解析：根据上文的“So her mom signed her up for gymnastics when she was three”可知，她的妈妈在她三岁的时候，给她报名参加体操训练，因此，此处指的是她立刻喜欢上了这项运动。task任务event事件或者比赛项目（此处文中仅指训练，未谈及比赛），show表演

24、秀。答案：B42.A. boringB. enjoyableC. difficultD. unsatisfactory解析：根据该句的though（尽管），和后文的she has never quit可知，此处句意为，尽管学习体操对她来说比其他比赛更加困难，但是她从没有放弃过。boring无聊enjoyable令人愉快的unsatisfactory令人不满意的，均不符合题意。答案：C 43.A. talentB. qualityC. natureD. condition 解析：根据上文的“she is legally blind, born with a rare condition that

25、 causes her eyes to shiftconstantly”可知，此处指的是她视力差的这种不利状况（情况）。talent才能quality品质nature自然本性condition（健康）状况。答案：D44.A. doubtB. advantageC. challengeD. program解析：根据下文的“Because she has double vision, she often sees two beams”可知，因为她有双重影像，因此她经常看到两个横梁，因此平衡木对她来说是最大的一个挑战，故选择C。doubt怀疑advantage优点challenge挑战program

26、程序，计划。答案：C 45.A. examineB. expressC. openD. trust解析：根据上文的“She must use her sense of touch to help her during her routine”可知，她视力不好，只能依靠自己的感觉，因此，她说“你不得不相信/信任（trust)你的内心，它可以带你去任何你想去的地方”。examine检查express表达open打开trust信任，相信。故选择D。答案：D46.A. fearfulB. harmful C. unfairD. inconvenient解析：根据上文的“To be a top-leve

27、l gymnast, one must be brave”要想成为一个顶尖的体操运动员，运动员必须要勇敢，可知，要求体操运动员勇敢，需要勇气，就说明这项运动会让人害怕，即fearful令人害怕的harmful有害的unfair不公平的inconvenient不方便的。答案：A47.A. toB. onC. offD. against解析：该题考查介词搭配。fall off意为跌落，此处意为，在州比赛中，Lola没有从平衡木上跌落下来。 答案：C48.A. greetedB. treatedC. served D. paid解析：根据下文的“At the competitions, the ju

28、dges dont know about her vision _. Shedoesnt tell them, because she doesnt think they need to know”可知，她在比赛的时候没有告诉裁判关于她视力方面的问题，因为她认为裁判不需要知道，因为她不想让裁判做出有别于其他选手的对待。greet致意treat对待serve服务pay付钱。答案：B49.A. painsB. stressesC. injuriesD. problems解析：句意参考上题。Vision problems意为视力上的问题pain指的是痛苦，疼痛stress压力injuries指的是受

29、伤。 答案：D50.A. positiveB. friendlyC. flexibleD. caution解析：根据上文的“She doesnt tell them, because she doesnt think they need to know.”Lola没有告诉裁判关于她眼睛的问题，因为她认为裁判不需要知道，她想和其他人一样比赛。这说明她没有因为眼睛视力的问题而沮丧，相反她保持这积极的态度，认为自己和其他人一样好。因此，她的母亲对她的这种积极、乐观的态度感到很惊讶。答案：A51.A. defending B. quittingC. winningD. bargaining解析：根据上

30、文她积极、乐观的态度，和下文的“Her _ is to reach level 9. She says shewants to be a gymnastics coach”她的目标是要达到九级，她说她要成为一名体操教练，因此，她从没想过要放弃（quit)。答案：B52.A. standardB. rangeC. viewD. goal解析：上文讲到现在她达到了七级水平，而此处to reach level 9则指的是她的目标，即goal。 答案：D53.A. untilB. asC. when D. before解析：该句句意为，她说她想要成为一名体操教练，把她所学到的传给其他的孩子，当她长大成

31、人的时候(when)。答案：C54.A. proudB. tiredC. ashamedD. confident解析：be proud of以为骄傲be tired of对感到厌倦be ashamed of对感到羞耻be confident of对感到自信、确信。答案：A55. A. planB. adviceC. rewardD. Responsibility解析：plan计划advice建议reward报酬responsibility责任句意为，她通过自己的亲身经历，想告诉人们一个道理，或者说她通过自己的亲身经历，给人们一个善意的建议，就是“相信自己”。答案：B第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，

32、20分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文：从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 AEP Portable HeaterWe all know that the cost of heating our homes will continue to be a significant burden on thefamily budget. Now millions of people are saving on their heating bills with the EP PortableHeater. With over one million satisf

33、ied customers around the world, the new EP heats better andfaster, saves more on heating bills, and runs almost silent.The EP has no exposed heating parts that can cause a fire. The outside of EP only gets warmto the touch so that it will not burn children or pets.The EP will not reduce oxygen in th

34、e room. With other heaters, youll notice that you getsleepy when the heat comes on because they are burning up oxygen.The advanced EP also heats the room evenly, wall to wall and floor to ceiling. it comfortablycovers an area up to 350 square feet. Other heaters heat rooms unevenly with most of the

35、heatconcentrated to the center of the room. And they only heat an area a few feet around the heater. With the EP, the temperature will not vary in any part of the room.The EP comes with a 3-year warranty(保修) and a 60-day. no questions asked. Satisfactionguarantee. If you are not totally satisfied, r

36、eturn it to our expertise and your money will be givenback to you.Now, we have a special offer for 10 days, during which you can enjoy a half price discount and a free delivery. if you order that, we reserve the right to either accept or reject order requestsat the discounted price.Take action right

37、 now!56. What is mainly discussed in paragraph 2?A. the heat of the EPB. the safety of the EPC. the appearance of the EPD. the material of the EP解析：由第二句中“.so that it will not burn children or pets.”可知the EP不会对孩子或宠物造成伤害，因此讲的是EP的安全性。因此选B。答案：B57. From the passage, we can learn that the EP _.A. doesnt b

38、urn up oxygen B. runs without any noiseC. makes people get sleepyD. is unsuitable for children and pets解析：根据第三段“The EP will not reduce oxygen in the room”及“.because they are burningup oxygen”与其它燃气相比the EP燃烧不会消耗室内的氧气，因此选A。答案：A58. The underlined word “evenly” in paragraph 4 probably means _.A. continu

39、ouslyB. separatelyC. quicklyD. equally解析：根据句中“.wall to wall and floor to ceiling. it comfortably covers an area up to 350 squarefeet.”可知其燃烧是从墙壁到天花板每个角落都有，因此可推断出其燃烧的很均匀。因此选 D表均匀地，平衡地。答案：D59. The main purpose of the passage is to _.A. persuade people to buy the productB. advise people to save on heati

40、ng billsC. report the new development of portable heatersD. compare the difference of different heart brands解析：根据文章倒数第二段开头“Now, we have a special offer for 10 days, during which you canenjoy a half price discount and a free delivery.”可知现在商家现在正在搞活动，并且在最后一段“Take action right now!”即“请立即行动吧！”可知此篇文章的目的是劝

41、说人们买这个产品。答案：A BTaIL Spin Two dolphins race around in a big pool in the Ocean Park. The smaller dolphin Grace, shownoff a few of her tricks, turning around and waving hello to the crowd. The most amazing thingabout her, however, is that shes even swimming at all. She doesnt have a tail.Grace lost her

42、 tail as a baby when she got caught up in a fish trap. When the dolphin arrivedat the Ocean Park in December 2005, she was fighting for her life. “Is she going to make it?” Hertrainer, Abbey Stone, feared the worst. Grace did make it - but her tail didnt. She ended uplosing her flukes and the lower

43、part of her peduncle.Over the past six years, she has learned to swim without her tail. Dolphins swim by movingtheir flukes and peduncle up and down. Grace taught herself to move another way-like a fish!She pushed herself forward through the water by moving her peduncles from side to side.The moveme

44、nt put harmful pressure on Graces backbone. So a company offered to create aman-made tail for her. The tail had to be strong enough to stay on Grace as she swam but softenough that it wouldnt hurt her. The first time Grace wore the artificial tail. She soon shook it off and let it sink in the bottom

45、of the pool. Now, she is still learning to use the tail. Some days she wears it for an hour at a time,others not at all. “The tail isnt necessary for her to feel comfortable,”says Stone,“but it helps tokeep that range of motion(动作) and build muscles(肌肉).”Now, the dolphin is about to get an even happ

46、ier ending. This month, Grace will star inDolphin Tale, a film that focus on her rescue and recovery. Her progress has inspired more thanjust a new movie. Many people travel from near and far to meet her. Seeing Grace swim with herman-made tail gives people so much courage.60. When Grace first arriv

47、ed at the Ocean Park, her trainer worried about her _.A. physical buildB. potential abilityC. chance of survivalD. adaptation to the surroundings. 解析：根据第二段中“.she was fighting for her life.“Is she going to make it?”Her trainer,Abbey Stone, feared the worst可知当Grace海豚刚到海洋公园的时候它正在为生命奋斗着，训练员担心它能否能撑过去，因此选

48、C，担心它生存的几率。答案：C61.Aman-made tail is created for Grace to _.A. let her recover fasterB. make her comfortableC. adjust her way of swimmingD. help her perform better tricks解析：根据倒数第二段中“The tail isnt necessary for her to feel comfortable,”says Stone,“butit helps to keep that range of motion(动作) and build muscles(肌肉).”可知这个人造尾巴未必会让Grace感到舒服，但是会帮助他保持动作的幅度和锻炼肌肉，因此可推断此题ABD错误，选C即“调节它游泳的方式”。 答案：C62. The story of Grace inspires people to _.A. stick to their dreamsB. treat animals friendlyC. treasure what they haveD. face difficulties bravely解析：根据文章最后一句“Seeing Grac