专业英语四级-100及答案解析.doc

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1、专业英语四级-100及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)It is often said that politeness costs nothing. In fact, it seems that a little more courtesy could 1 businesses 5 billion every year. 2 hearing the phrase thank you or well done means the same to staff 3 a modest pay rise, researchers say. Praise and 4 also make

2、s employees more likely to work hard and stay in their jobs, saving on the cost of finding 5 . A third of 1,000 workers 6 by consulting firm White Water Strategies said they did not get thanked 7 when they did well, and a 8 third said they were not thanked enough. In both cases, staff said they felt

3、 undervalued, meaning they were less likely to 9 themselves and were more likely to 10 employment elsewhere. According to the company, praising staff has the same 11 kick as a 1 percent pay riseand 12 much cheaper for bosses. Three 13 four employees said that regular 14 by their bosses was important

4、 to them, 15 only a quarter said they were 16 given as much praise as they felt they needed. The survey found that those 17 blue-collar and manual jobs were less likely to 18 any recognition for doing well. Older employees and women need the most reassurance, according to psychologist Averil Leimon,

5、 a director of White Water Strategies. She said that words of praise did more than 19 a pleasant place to workthey could even 20 profits.（分数：30.00）A.saveB.costC.spendD.payA.SeldomB.AlwaysC.FrequentlyD.RarelyA.forB.asC.inD.byA.criticismB.complimentC.blameD.encouragementA.replacementsB.alternativesC.c

6、omplementsD.switchesA.surveyingB.surveyedC.to surveyD.having surveyedA.any longerB.at allC.oftenD.no moreA.furtherB.anotherC.moreD.muchA.exertB.exhaleC.exhaustD.exemptA.look upB.look toC.look forD.look forward toA.improvingB.encouragingC.motivationalD.promotionalA.works outB.works upC.comes outD.com

7、es upA.fromB.out ofC.ofD.toA.acknowledgementB.familiarityC.interactionD.communicationA.andB.becauseC.butD.soA.actuallyB.absolutelyC.certainlyD.possiblyA.ofB.fromC.inD.forA.giveB.be givenC.be givingD.have givenA.createB.creatingC.makeD.makingA.decreaseB.descendC.boomD.boostWhy is every company so muc

8、h interested in the process of customer satisfaction? The answer is rather simplethe customer purchases the good or in other words gives monetary 21 of the good he chooses. The more customers purchasethe better is for the company, as its capital growth. 22 the growth of the number of customers is 23

9、 for each company. As the level of satisfaction 24 from customer to customer, it is important for each company to have specific components of customer satisfaction in order to 25 a mass satisfaction result. Proper components are the 26 of customers purchasing from a company and 27 their purchase dec

10、ision over again, as customer satisfaction and loyalty are the direct reflections of the brand loyalty factors, certain emotional 28 or other external reasons. Measuring the level of customers satisfaction is rather hard and the results may be sufficiently 29 . Customer satisfaction constantly needs

11、 a target to be aimed at, 30 the requirements of the contemporary customer change from day to day. 31 the satisfaction information is obtained by the means of either telephone or an Internet-survey. It 32 be noted that these two ways of obtaining information are the major marketing prediction 33 . S

12、uch surveys are rather accurate and reveal the customer loyalty of each 34 company. Customer satisfaction measurements help the companies build their customer-strategies based on the strengths and the weak spots of each good that 35 it from obtaining high level of customers satisfaction and loyalty.

13、 36 of the customers loyalty revealed on the early stages of satisfaction measurements helps to 37 a good to a more corresponding market position. 38 customers loyalty has one other important element 39 is the knowledge of what customers think about the brand, the brands specific product and results

14、 40 a correct marketing strategy decision-making.（分数：30.00）A.equivalentB.substituteC.institutionD.reservationA.ThereforeB.WhereasC.MoreoverD.HereafterA.costlyB.desirousC.profitableD.vitalA.shiftsB.differsC.rangesD.increasesA.pursueB.achieveC.analyzeD.announceA.premisesB.incentivesC.startsD.outcomesA

15、.thinkingB.reachingC.repeatingD.affirmingA.customersB.tradersC.driversD.markersA.casualB.variousC.mistakenD.unforeseenA.untilB.unlessC.soD.becauseA.CertainlyB.UltimatelyC.OrdinarilyD.PresentlyA.mayB.mustC.canD.willA.examplesB.targetsC.materialsD.sourcesA.establishedB.chosenC.relatedD.givenA.infersB.

16、deprivesC.preventsD.obstructsA.VulnerabilityB.EvaluationC.FeaturesD.ConditionsA.removeB.retainC.replaceD.releaseA.KeepingB.TrackingC.ManagingD.CultivatingA.whatB.whoC.asD.whichA.fromB.inC.ofD.forMany countries will not allow cigarette advertising in their newspaper or on TVespecially 41 the advertis

17、ements are usually written with young people in mind. 42 advertising, the tobacco companies have begun to 43 sports events. They give money to football, motor racing, tennis and a number of 44 sports 45 condition that the name of the cigarette is 46 . This is now 47 concern, because it does exactly

18、48 many ads try to dosuggest that smoking has some connection 49 being strong and athletic. In all this, the point of view of the non-smokers has to be 50 as well: I wish smoker would stop 51 the air. I wish I could eat in a restaurant 52 having to smell cigarettes smoke. It has been 53 that, in a r

19、oom where a large number of people are smoking, a nonsmoker will breathe in the 54 of two or three cigarettes during an evening. 55 , non-smokers are now majority in many western countries. More and more people are giving up the habit, discouraged by high prices, influenced by 56 advertising or just

20、 aware that smoking is no longer really a polite thing to do. Faced with lower sales, the western tobacco companies have begun to look outside their own countries. They have begun advertising 57 to persuade young people in developing countries that smoking American or British or French cigarette is

21、a sophisticated western habit, which they should copy. As a result, more and more young people are spending 58 money they have on a product which the West recognizes 59 unhealthy and no longer wants. The high number of young smokers in India, in South America and in South East Asia will be done of t

22、omorrows 60 .（分数：40.00）A.thatB.whenC.whereD.sinceA.In the place ofB.In place ofC.BesidesD.ExceptA.promoteB.developC.sponsorD.helpA.otherB.anotherC.othersD.someA.onB.inC.withD.underA.suggestedB.claimedC.mentionedD.declaredA.causingB.makingC.givingD.settingA.thatB.whichC.asD.whatA.withB.ofC.forD.toA.b

23、elievedB.thoughtC.consideredD.regardedA.damagingB.spoilingC.decayingD.destroyingA.in spite ofB.rather thanC.because ofD.withoutA.surprisedB.calculatedC.saidD.suggestedA.sameB.comparableC.equalD.equivalentA.HoweverB.In factC.ThenD.SoA.non-smokingB.no-smokingC.anti-smokingD.against smokingA.strugglesB

24、.fightsC.campaignsD.battlesA.the littleB.a littleC.littleD.some littleA.byB.forC.asD.withA.difficultiesB.phenomenaC.problemsD.situations专业英语四级-100答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)It is often said that politeness costs nothing. In fact, it seems that a little more courtesy could 1 businesses 5 billion every

25、 year. 2 hearing the phrase thank you or well done means the same to staff 3 a modest pay rise, researchers say. Praise and 4 also makes employees more likely to work hard and stay in their jobs, saving on the cost of finding 5 . A third of 1,000 workers 6 by consulting firm White Water Strategies s

26、aid they did not get thanked 7 when they did well, and a 8 third said they were not thanked enough. In both cases, staff said they felt undervalued, meaning they were less likely to 9 themselves and were more likely to 10 employment elsewhere. According to the company, praising staff has the same 11

27、 kick as a 1 percent pay riseand 12 much cheaper for bosses. Three 13 four employees said that regular 14 by their bosses was important to them, 15 only a quarter said they were 16 given as much praise as they felt they needed. The survey found that those 17 blue-collar and manual jobs were less lik

28、ely to 18 any recognition for doing well. Older employees and women need the most reassurance, according to psychologist Averil Leimon, a director of White Water Strategies. She said that words of praise did more than 19 a pleasant place to workthey could even 20 profits.（分数：30.00）A.saveB.costC.spen

29、dD.pay解析：词义辨析题。spend和pay的主语应该是人，此处的主语是courtesy，故可排除这两项。cost与save的意思正好相反，联系文章大意，是在讲公司对员工的鼓励或是口头上的奖励，有良好的积极效用，所以本题意思应该是“对员工以礼相待每年能为公司节省50亿英镑的支出”。故选A项。A.SeldomB.AlwaysC.FrequentlyD.Rarely解析：语篇题。此题应注意后面的。pay rise，什么对员工来说，效果跟得到加薪一样，从生活实际来看，应该是能经常听到上司的鼓励与肯定，所以可以先排除意思与本题正好相反的A和D。而always的意思用在此处，又不切实际，故答案为C项

30、。A.forB.asC.inD.by解析：惯用法。此处应选as与前面的the same搭配，表示“和一样”。A.criticismB.complimentC.blameD.encouragement解析：词义辨析题。此处要填的是“表扬和_能使员工工作更努力而且愿意长久地留在公司”，显然criticism(批评)与blame(责备)不能入选。而compliment(称赞)与praise的意思重复，故选D项。A.replacementsB.alternativesC.complementsD.switches解析：词义辨析题。replacements替代者。alternative可供选择的办法、事

31、物。complement补充物。switch变换；转换。此处承接上题中说的“表扬和鼓励让员工更加愿意留在公司”，那么这就为公司节省了招聘新员工的开支，故选A项。A.surveyingB.surveyedC.to surveyD.having surveyed解析：语法题。结合选项和空格后的by，可知这里表达的意思是“三分之一的受访员工称”，因此要用被动语态，只有B选项符合要求。若选D项，应为having been surveyed才对。A.any longerB.at allC.oftenD.no more解析：惯用法。not at all(一点儿也不)意思比后面所说的not enough深一

32、个层次，而这里的语境刚好需要这样的一层关系故选B项。not any longer不再。no more(不再)不能再与否定词not，连用。如果选often，句意就与会与后面的not enough相冲突，故不选。A.furtherB.anotherC.moreD.much解析：词义辨析题。上句说有三分之一的人说他们在公司从来没有因自己的良好表现得到过感谢，这里只有further可以接third表示“另有三分之一的员工认为自己没有得到足够的感谢”。如果选another，前面不能有不定冠词a。A.exertB.exhaleC.exhaustD.exempt解析：词义辨析题。exert表示使出力气。ex

33、hale呼出；发出；发散。exhaust使筋疲力尽。exempt免除；豁免。考虑到这两类员工说他们感到自己的价值被低估，在这种情况下，他们就不会为自己的工作尽全力，还有可能寻找机会跳槽。故选A项。A.look upB.look toC.look forD.look forward to解析：惯用法。look for寻找。A.improvingB.encouragingC.motivationalD.promotional解析：词义辨析题。motivational激励的；激发性的。improving有启发的。encouraging令人鼓舞的；鼓励的。promotional促进的；奖励的。考虑到公

34、司对员工不论是口头的表扬或是物质的奖励，其目的都是为了激发员工的积极性，因此motivational为最佳选项。A.works outB.works upC.comes outD.comes up解析：惯用法。work out证明成功的、有效的或令人满意的。work up逐步发展；逐步进步或使人兴奋。come out发行或结果。come up上升或出现。此处选work out，表示“对老板来说更划算”。A.fromB.out ofC.ofD.to解析：惯用法。数字+out of+数字，表示“几分之几”。A.acknowledgementB.familiarityC.interactionD.c

35、ommunication解析：词义辨析题。本文谈到了几个对员工比较有激励效用的情形：优良的表现能得到公司的感谢，得到上司的鼓励和肯定等对员工来说都非常重要。故本题应选A项。A.andB.becauseC.butD.so解析：语法题。从only a quarter可以看出，这里是语义的转折，故应选but。A.actuallyB.absolutelyC.certainlyD.possibly解析：词义辨析题。actually事实上；实际上。absolutely完全地；绝对地。certainly的确；当然。possibly可能地。此处句意为：虽然四分之三的员工认为能够经常得到老板的赞扬非常重要，但是

36、只有四分之一的员工得到了他们应有的认可。故应选A项。A.ofB.fromC.inD.for解析：介词用法题。介词in可以用来表示“具有某种特征、品质或属性”，in blue-collar本意是“穿着蓝领子衣服”，引申义为“体力劳动者”。A.giveB.be givenC.be givingD.have given解析：语法题。体力劳动者很少因为出色的表现被给予认可，要用被动语态，故选B项。A.createB.creatingC.makeD.making解析：惯用法。do more than do sth.表示“不仅能够”。因此应选动词原形，先排除B和D。create强调“创造；创建”。make

37、表示“制作；设计”。用来修饰工作环境，还是create比较好。A.decreaseB.descendC.boomD.boost解析：词义辨析题。结合文章大意，可推测出这里表达的意思是“赞扬的话不仅能够活跃工作场所的气氛，甚至能促进经济效益”，故可排除A、B两个意思刚好相反的选项。boom表示“繁荣；兴旺”。boost表示“促进；增加”。符合语境。Why is every company so much interested in the process of customer satisfaction? The answer is rather simplethe customer purch

38、ases the good or in other words gives monetary 21 of the good he chooses. The more customers purchasethe better is for the company, as its capital growth. 22 the growth of the number of customers is 23 for each company. As the level of satisfaction 24 from customer to customer, it is important for e

39、ach company to have specific components of customer satisfaction in order to 25 a mass satisfaction result. Proper components are the 26 of customers purchasing from a company and 27 their purchase decision over again, as customer satisfaction and loyalty are the direct reflections of the brand loya

40、lty factors, certain emotional 28 or other external reasons. Measuring the level of customers satisfaction is rather hard and the results may be sufficiently 29 . Customer satisfaction constantly needs a target to be aimed at, 30 the requirements of the contemporary customer change from day to day.

41、31 the satisfaction information is obtained by the means of either telephone or an Internet-survey. It 32 be noted that these two ways of obtaining information are the major marketing prediction 33 . Such surveys are rather accurate and reveal the customer loyalty of each 34 company. Customer satisf

42、action measurements help the companies build their customer-strategies based on the strengths and the weak spots of each good that 35 it from obtaining high level of customers satisfaction and loyalty. 36 of the customers loyalty revealed on the early stages of satisfaction measurements helps to 37

43、a good to a more corresponding market position. 38 customers loyalty has one other important element 39 is the knowledge of what customers think about the brand, the brands specific product and results 40 a correct marketing strategy decision-making.（分数：30.00）A.equivalentB.substituteC.institutionD.r

44、eservation解析：名词辨析题。根据常识可知，人们在购买货物的时候需要付钱，而钱的数量应是与货物等价的，并且原文中该空所在的那句话前面说到：the customer purchases the good or in other words gives monetary.由此可见，连词or前后部分的两个短句的意思应是相同的，因此可知本空要表达的意思为“等价物”。分析各个选项可知，只有A选项的equivalent是“等价物”的意思，故为正确答案。而C选项的institution“机构”和D选项的reservation“储备”显然与原文内容不符，可排除；而B选项的substitute意为“替代

45、品”，但指的是功能和用途上可互相替换的东西，而不是价值相当的物品，也不合句意，故排除。A.ThereforeB.WhereasC.MoreoverD.Hereafter解析：副词辨析题。分析本空所在的前后两句间的逻辑关系可知，本题需要填入一个具有类似于连词功能的副词。前一句说到，客户数量越多，公司的资本增长的就越快，就越能使公司受益。而本空所在句要表达的意思为：客户数量的增长对每一个公司都很重要。分析可知这两句话之间是因果关系，选项中只有A选项的therefore为“因此”的意思，故为本题正确答案。而其他三个选项的whereas“然而”、moreover“此外”和hereafter“此后”分别

46、表示转折关系、并列关系和时间关系，均与原文不符，故均可排除。A.costlyB.desirousC.profitableD.vital解析：形容词辨析题。前一句提到顾客数量越多，公司的资本增长的就越快，就越能使公司受益。说明，顾客数量的增长对公司而言是十分重要的。因此，D选项的vital“至关重要的”符合文意，故为本题正确答案。此处没有涉及花费，故排除A选项costly“昂贵的”；而B选项的desirous“渴望的”看似正确，但其主语应是有意识的人，而不能为客观事物，故排除；C选项的profitable“有利可图的”不能与本句话的主语搭配，也可排除。A.shiftsB.differsC.rangesD.in