专业英语四级-39及答案解析.doc

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1、专业英语四级-39及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、完型填空(总题数：3，分数：100.00)Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened 1 . As was discussed before, it was not 2 the 19th century that the newspape

2、r became the dominant pre-electronic 3 , following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the 4 of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution 5 up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading 6 through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motio

3、n pictures 7 the 20th-century world of the motor car and the airplane. Not everyone sees that process in 8 . It is important to do so. It is generally recognized, 9 , that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, 10 by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radi

4、cally changed the process, 11 its impact on the media was not immediately 12 . As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became personal too, as well as 13 , with display becoming sharper and storage 14 increasing. They were thought of, like people, 15 generations, with t

5、he distance between generations much 16 . It was within the computer age that the term information society began to be widely used to describe the 17 within which we now live. The communications revolution has 18 both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but there ha

6、ve been 19 views about its economic, political, social and cultural implications. Benefits have been weighed 20 harmful outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult.（分数：40.00）A.betweenB.beforeC.sinceD.laterA.afterB.byC.duringD.untilA.meansB.methodC.mediumD.measureA.processB.companyC.lightD.fo

7、rmA.gatheredB.speededC.workedD.pickedA.onB.outC.overD.offA.ofB.forC.beyondD.intoA.conceptB.dimensionC.effectD.perspectiveA.indeedB.henceC.howeverD.thereforeA.broughtB.followedC.stimulatedD.characterizedA.unlessB.sinceC.lestD.althoughA.apparentB.desirableC.negativeD.plausibleA.institutionalB.universa

8、lC.fundamentalD.instrumentalA.abilityB.capabilityC.capacityD.facultyA.by means ofB.in terms ofC.with regard toD.in line withA.deeperB.fewerC.nearerD.smallerA.contextB.rangeC.scopeD.territoryA.regardedB.impressedC.influencedD.effectedA.competitiveB.controversialC.distractingD.irrationalA.aboveB.uponC

9、.againstD.withTeachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious 21 to how they can best 22 such changes. Growing bodies need movement and 23 , but not just in ways that emphasize competition. 24 they are ad

10、justing to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially serf-conscious and need the 25 that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are 26 by others. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with

11、so much competition that it would be 27 to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, 28 , publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews, 29 student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. A variety of small clubs can provide 30 opportunities for leadership,

12、as well as for practice in successful 31 dynamics. Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the 32 of some kind of organization with a supportive adult 33 visible in the background. In these activities, it is important to remember that young teens have 34 attent

13、ion spans. A variety of activities should be organized 35 participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to 36 else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants 37 . This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility. 38 , they can help students acqu

14、ire a sense of commitment by 39 for roles that are within their 40 and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules.（分数：40.00）A.thoughtB.ideaC.opinionD.adviceA.strengthenB.accommodateC.stimulateD.enhanceA.careB.nutritionC.exerciseD.leisureA.IfB.AlthoughC.WhereasD.BecauseA.assistanceB.gui

15、danceC.confidenceD.toleranceA.claimedB.admiredC.ignoredD.surpassedA.improperB.riskyC.fairD.wiseA.in effectB.as a resultC.for exampleD.in a senseA.displayingB.describingC.creatingD.exchangingA.durableB.excessiveC.surplusD.multipleA.groupB.individualC.personnelD.corporationA.consentB.insuranceC.admiss

16、ionD.securityA.particularlyB.barelyC.definitelyD.rarelyA.similarB.longC.differentD.shortA.if onlyB.now thatC.so thatD.even ifA.everythingB.anythingC.nothingD.somethingA.offB.downC.outD.aloneA.On the contraryB.On the averageC.On the wholeD.On the other handA.makingB.standingC.planningD.takingA.capabi

17、litiesB.responsibilitiesC.proficiencyD.efficiencyMost people have no idea of the hard work and worry that go into the collecting of those fascinating birds and animals that they pay to see in the zoo. One of the questions that is always asked of me is 41 I become an animal collector in the first 42

18、. The answer is that I have always been interested in animals and zoos. According to my parents, the first word I was able to say with any 43 was not the conventional mamma or daddy, 44 the word zoo, which I would 45 over and over again with a shrill 46 until someone, in order to 47 me up, would tak

19、e me to the zoo. When I 48 a little older, we lived in Greece and I had a great 49 of pets, ranging from owls to sea horses, and I spent all my spare time 50 the countryside in search of fresh specimens to 51 to my collection of pets. 52 on I went for a year to the City Zoo, as a student 53 , to get

20、 experience of the large animals, such as lions, bears, bison and ostriches, 54 were not easy to keep at home. When I left, I 55 had enough money of my own to be able to 56 my first trip and I have been going 57 ever since then. Though a collectors job is not an easy one and is full of 58 , it is ce

21、rtainly a job which will appeal 59 all those who love animals and 60 .（分数：20.00）A.howB.whereC.whenD.whetherA.regionB.fieldC.placeD.caseA.clarityB.emotionC.sentimentD.affectionA.exceptB.butC.except forD.but forA.reciteB.recognizeC.readD.repeatA.volumeB.noiseC.voiceD.pitchA.closeB.shutC.stopD.comfortA

22、.grewB.was growingC.growD.grownA.manyB.amountsC.numberD.supplyA.livingB.cultivatingC.reclaimingD.exploringA.increaseB.includeC.addD.enrichA.LaterB.FurtherC.ThenD.EarlyA.attendantB.defendantC.memberD.aideA.whoB.theyC.of whichD.whichA.upsetlyB.gladlyC.nearlyD.successfullyA.payB.provideC.allowD.finance

23、A.normallyB.regularlyC.usuallyD.oftenA.expectationsB.sorrowsC.excitementD.disappointmentsA.forB.withC.toD.fromA.voyageB.travelC.expeditionD.adventure专业英语四级-39答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、完型填空(总题数：3，分数：100.00)Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diff

24、usion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened 1 . As was discussed before, it was not 2 the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic 3 , following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the 4 of the periodical. It was during the same time

25、that the communications revolution 5 up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading 6 through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures 7 the 20th-century world of the motor car and the airplane. Not everyone sees that process in 8 . It is important to do so. It is generally r

26、ecognized, 9 , that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, 10 by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process, 11 its impact on the media was not immediately 12 . As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they bec

27、ame personal too, as well as 13 , with display becoming sharper and storage 14 increasing. They were thought of, like people, 15 generations, with the distance between generations much 16 . It was within the computer age that the term information society began to be widely used to describe the 17 wi

28、thin which we now live. The communications revolution has 18 both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but there have been 19 views about its economic, political, social and cultural implications. Benefits have been weighed 20 harmful outcomes. And generalizations ha

29、ve proved difficult.（分数：40.00）A.betweenB.beforeC.sinceD.later解析：解析 空格前一句提及两个时间段：20世纪和15、16世纪，四个选项均为时间副词，符合语义逻辑且能体现上句提到的两个时间段的关系的只有between，此句意为在这两个时间段之间发生了很多事。A.afterB.byC.duringD.until解析：解析 这里是一个强调句，强调部分为时间状语。空格前的否定词not决定了此处只能填入D项until，构成not until强调句式：it was not until.that。A.meansB.methodC.mediumD.m

30、easure解析：解析 空格后提及的pamphlet“小册子”，book“书籍”，periodical“杂志”与之属于同一类事物，空格处填入的词须概括它们的共同特点，四个选项中只有medium“媒介”符合要求。A.processB.companyC.lightD.form解析：解析 in the wake of the pamphlet and the book“继小册子和书籍之后”和in the _ of the periodical是并列结构，in the wake of表示“尾随”，与wake对应的只有B项company。A.gatheredB.speededC.workedD.pick

31、ed解析：解析 空格后提到的交通、铁路，到电报、电话、收音机、电影，再到汽车、飞机，这表明通信革命迅猛发展，speed up“加快速度”符合语境。gather up“收集”；work up“改进”；pick up“捡起”。A.onB.outC.overD.off解析：解析 从beginning with到最后的20th-century world，中间阶段应该表示发展的含义，选项中只有副词on可以表示“继续，向前”的含义，与lead构成“使继续发展”之意，故选A。A.ofB.forC.beyondD.into解析：解析 此处填入介词与前面的begin with“开始”，lead.through

32、“进而”一起描述通信革命发展的全过程，四个选项只有into符合要求，与leading相呼应，表示“进入20世纪的汽车和飞机时代”。A.conceptB.dimensionC.effectD.perspective解析：解析 本题的难点在于理解perspective：该词在此处不表示“看法”，而是表示“正确认识”，in perspective意为“正确地，合理地”。concept“概念”；dimension“维度”；effect“效果，影响”。A.indeedB.henceC.howeverD.therefore解析：解析 上文的not everyone sees.“不是所有人都认识到”和本句的

33、It is generally recognized.“大家普遍承认”之间是一种转折关系，故C项however符合题意。A.broughtB.followedC.stimulatedD.characterized解析：解析 上文提到计算机在20世纪早期问世，本句说集成电路在20世纪60年代发明，从时间状语可知计算机问世在前，集成电路发明在后，因此选B项followed“跟随”。bring“引发”；stimulate“促进”；characterize“以为特色”。A.unlessB.sinceC.lestD.although解析：解析 此处前半句讲计算机的出现从根本上改变了这一进程，后半句讲计算

34、机对媒介的影响不是马上的，前后之间存在转折让步关系，故选although。A.apparentB.desirableC.negativeD.plausible解析：解析 联系上下文，计算机的出现从根本上改变了通信革命的进程，但它对于媒介的影响当时并没有立刻。空格处需填入形容词，说明计算机对媒介影响的特点，apparent“显而易见的”合乎语义要求。desirable“合意的”；negative“否定的”；plausible“似乎合理的”。A.institutionalB.universalC.fundamentalD.instrumental解析：解析 as well as“不仅而且”表明空格

35、里的词与personal“个人的”是一种对应关系，institutional“社会公共机构的”能构成这种对应关系，故选A。universal“普遍的”；fundamental“基本的”；instrumental“仪器的”。A.abilityB.capabilityC.capacityD.faculty解析：解析 文中要表达的是计算机的储存容量，能与storage连用表示这一概念的只有C项capacity“容量”。A.by means ofB.in terms ofC.with regard toD.in line with解析：解析 like people表明此处将计算机和人类进行类比，空格处

36、填入的介词短语与generations搭配，表示“电脑像人一样用代来划分”。能引出generations这个划分依据只有B项in terms of“根据”。by means of意为“凭借”，但多指借助工具或手段。A.deeperB.fewerC.nearerD.smaller解析：解析 这里是“with+宾语(distance)+形容词”结构，填入该空的形容词作宾补，对distance起补充说明的作用。此处的distance指的是距离，四个选项能描述“距离”的只有small。A.contextB.rangeC.scopeD.territory解析：解析 空格处是下文定语从句within wh

37、ich we now live的先行词，同时可用“information society”这个词描述。符合要求且能达意的只有A项context“环境”。range“范围”；scope“范围”；territory“领土”。A.regardedB.impressedC.influencedD.effected解析：解析 上文主要讲述了计算机作为媒介所带来的变化；这里则延伸到了通信革命。有变革，就必然带来影响，故选C项influence“影响”。regard“看待”；impress“给留下印象”；effect“使发生”。A.competitiveB.controversialC.distractin

38、gD.irrational解析：解析 转折词but表明此处应为否定或负面的看法；后文两个加引号的词benefits和harmful进一步印证了这种看法应该是褒贬不一的，故选择B项controversial“有争议的”。competitive“竞争的”；distracting“使人分心的”；irrational“不理性的”。A.aboveB.uponC.againstD.with解析：解析 空格前后的“Benefits”和“harmful”outcomes是相反意义的概念，能体现这一含义的只有介词against，表示“对比，相反”，weigh sth. against sth.意为“权衡与”。w

39、eigh upon“使烦恼”；weigh with“对有影响”。Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious 21 to how they can best 22 such changes. Growing bodies need movement and 23 , but not just in ways that emphasize competiti

40、on. 24 they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially serf-conscious and need the 25 that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are 26 by others. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is al

41、ready filled with so much competition that it would be 27 to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, 28 , publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews, 29 student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. A variety of small clubs can provide 30 opportunitie

42、s for leadership, as well as for practice in successful 31 dynamics. Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the 32 of some kind of organization with a supportive adult 33 visible in the background. In these activities, it is important to remember that young te

43、ens have 34 attention spans. A variety of activities should be organized 35 participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to 36 else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants 37 . This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility. 38 , they can

44、help students acquire a sense of commitment by 39 for roles that are within their 40 and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules.（分数：40.00）A.thoughtB.ideaC.opinionD.advice解析：解析 空格所在句与前一句的句式一致，前一句提到教师需要意识到青少年在情感、智力和生理方面的变化，A项构成的短语give thought to“考虑”在语义上与前一句的be aware of“意识到”相呼应，故选A。A.

45、strengthenB.accommodateC.stimulateD.enhance解析：解析 从首句“意识到变化”(be aware of.changes)可知，本句在逻辑上应为“应对变化”，B项accommodate意为“适应”，符合句意。strengthen“加强”；stimulate“刺激”；enhance“增强”。A.careB.nutritionC.exerciseD.leisure解析：解析 空格处与前面的movement构成并列宾语，均为身体发育所需要的东西。而根据句末的“不仅仅通过竞争的方式”可知，空格处与movement均是能通过竞赛方式进行的，故exercise“锻炼”符合文意。care“关心”；nutrition“营养”；leisure“空闲”。A.IfB.AlthoughC.WhereasD.Because解析：解析 前一分句讲述青少年成长过程中遇到的问题(challenges)，后半句则讲青少年的心理状态(self-conscious)，由此推断，青少年遇到的问题是造成自我意识特别强的“原因”，故Because正确。A.assistanceB.guidanceC.confidenceD.tolerance解析：解析 上文