专业八级-996及答案解析.doc

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1、专业八级-996 及答案解析(总分：96.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)It is a timeworn sign of old age and frailty.Yet arthritis often (1) _ the young. (1) _This disease of the body also has a (2) _ impact on the mind. (2) _“got very (3) _. I couldnt sleep. (3) _When pain

2、is (4) _ like that, it changes your personality. (4)_And it affected everyone around me,“ says Nora Baldner, who had arthritis in both hips. “Id pour (5) _ milk on my kids cereal because I didnt want to walk to the back of the supermarket where the real milk was.“ (5) _Joint problems are now hurting

3、 and crippling 43 million Americans, and theyre more (6) _ than cancer or diabetes. (6) _The most common form, osteoarthritis, affects about 21 million. Rheumatoid arthritis, another common type, hits slightly more than 2 million. (There are 95 or so other forms, often affecting fewer people.)And th

4、e numbers are going up (7) _. (7) _By 2025, the total is expected to top (8) _ million, (8) _as an obese population pounds more heavily on its joints and an active generation of baby (9). _ grinds them down. (9) _Whats worse, these people will be fighting the disease without medicines that had becom

5、e staples of treatment: The drugs Vioxx and Bextra have just been yanked off the market because they appear to (10) _ the risk of heart disease,(10) _and that same shadow of fear has been cast over remaining drugs like Celebrex and even ibuprofen- a medicine that had already worded doctors because h

6、eavy use can cause bleeding in the stomach.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).According to Janet, the factor that would most affect negotiations is _.A. English language proficiency B. different cultural practicesC. different

7、 negotiation tasks D. the international Americanized style（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Janets attitude towards the Americanized style as a model for business negotiations is _.A. supportive B. negative C. ambiguous D. cautious（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following can NOT be seen as a difference betwee

8、n Brazilian and American negotiators?A. Americans prepare more points before negotiations.B. Americans are more straightforward during negotiations.C. Brazilians prefer more eye contact during negotiations.D. Brazilians seek more background information.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which group of people seem

9、s to be the most straightforward?A. The British. B. Germans. C. Americans. D. Not mentioned.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following is NOT characteristic of Japanese negotiations?A. Reserved. B. Prejudiced. C. Polite. D. Prudent.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.四、SECTION C(总题数：2，分数：5.00)(1).The people are arres

10、ted because _.A. they tried to smuggle surface-to-air missile into the USB. they are involved with a terrorist attackC. they are linked to al-Qaida terrorismD. the weapons they tried to ship are for terrorist purpose（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).How many people were arrested?A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Fiv

11、e.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What was the role the Afghan men were allegedly playing?A. Seeking possible buyers of the weapon.B. Arms dealers.C. The potential buyers of the weapons.D. Implicated in the transfer of money in the sale.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(1).Which of the following statements about the US trade

12、is TRUE?A. The gap between its import and export narrowed.B. The Commerce Department shows great concern.C. What it imports has outnumbered what it exports.D. Only the government concerns about the trade deficit.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The United States trade deficit is a political problem because cong

13、ressmen thinkA. American people feel lost for the trade deficit.B. American job opportunities are taken away by others.C. American people will lose their prestige and privileges.D. there is a fierce competition between America and Asian countries.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六

14、、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)In place of the king, two chief executives were chosen annually by the whole body of citizens. These were known as praetors, or leaders, but later received the title of consuls. The participation of a colleague in the exercise of supreme power and the limitation of the tenure t

15、o one year prevented the chief magistrate from becoming autocratic. The character of the Senate was altered by the enrollment of plebeian members, known as conscripti, and hence the official designation of the senators thereafter was patres conscripti (conscript fathers). As yet, only patricians wer

16、e eligible for the magistracies, and the discontent of the plebs led to a violent struggle between the two orders and the gradual removal of the social and political disabilities under which the plebs had labored.In 494 BC a secession of plebeian soldiers led to the institution of the tribuni plebis

17、, who were elected annually as protectors of the plebs; they had the power to veto the acts of patrician magistrates, and thus served as the leaders of the plebs in the struggles with the patricians. The appointment of the decemvirate, a commission of ten men, in 451 BC resulted in the drawing up of

18、 a famous code of laws. In 445 BC, under the Canuleian law, marriages between patricians and members of the plebs were declared legally valid. By the Licinian-Sextian laws, passed in 367 BC, it Mas provided that one of the two consuls should thenceforth be plebeian. The other magistracies were gradu

19、ally opened to the plebs: in 356 BC the dictatorship, an extraordinary magistracy, the incumbent of which was appointed in times of great danger; in 350 BC, the censorship; in 337 BC, the praetorship; and in 300 BC, the pontifical and augural colleges.These political changes gave rise to a new arist

20、ocracy, composed of patrician and wealthy plebeian families, and admission to the Senate became almost the hereditary privilege of these families. The Senate, which had originally possessed little administrative power, became a powerful governing body, dealing with matters of war and peace, foreign

21、alliances, the founding of colonies, and the handling of the state finances. The rise of this new nobilitas brought to an end the struggles between the two orders, but the position of the poorer plebeian families was not improved, and the marked contrast between the conditions of the rich and the po

22、or led to struggles in the later Republic between the aristocratic party and the popular party.The external history of Rome during this period was chiefly military. Rome had acquired the leadership of Latium before the close of the regal period. Assisted by their allies, the Romans fought wars again

23、st the Etruscans, the Volscians, and the Aequians. The military policy of Rome became more aggressive in the 60 years between 449 and 390 BC. The defeat of the Romans at Allia and the capture and burning of Rome by the Gauls under the leadership of the chieftain Brennus in 390 BC were great disaster

24、s, but their effect was temporary. The capture of the Etruscan city of Veil in 396 BC by the soldier and statesman Marcus Furius Camillus spelled the beginning of the end for Etruscan independence. Other Etruscan cities hastened to make peace, and by the middle of the 4th century BC all southern Etr

25、uria was kept in check by Roman garrisons and denationalized by an influx of Roman colonists. Victories over the Volscians, the Latins, and the Hernicans gave the Romans control of central Italy and brought them into conflict with the Samnites of southern Italy, who were defeated in a series of thre

26、e wars, extending from 343 to 290 BC. A revolt of the Latins and Volscians was put down, and in 338 BC the Latin League, a long-established confederation of the cities of Latium, was dissolved. A powerful coalition was at this time formed against Rome, consisting of Etruscans, Umbrians, and Gauls in

27、 the north, and of Lucanians, Bruttians, and Samnites in the south; this coalition endangered the power of Rome, but the northern confederacy was defeated in 283 BC and the southern states soon after.（分数：5.00）(1).Which one is not true about the magistrate?A. It was difficult for the chief magistrate

28、 to become a dictatorB. Any Roman had the chance to become the magistrateC. The plebs couldnt hold the post of magistrateD. Magistrates power was limited（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).In 450 BC, the plebs _.A. had their own magistrateB. were allowed to marry the patriciansC. must obey the famous Licinian-Sext

29、ian lawD. had their own leaders who could veto the acts of the nobles（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The political changes led to _.A. new governing componentsB. a more powerful senateC. the appearance of two different partiesD. all of the above（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the last paragraph, we know that

30、 _.A. the history of Rome in this period was marked with internal conflictsB. Rome was invincible in this periodC. Gauls ended the prosperity of RomeD. some Etruscan cities were frightened by Romes victory（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which one is in the central Italy?A. VolsciansB. SamnitesC. UmbriansD. Bru

31、ttians（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.七、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Stupendous prices were paid in a historic sale of 19th- and 20th-century avant-garde paintings collected over a lifetime by John Hay Whitney and his wife, Betsy Cushing Whitney.Picassos “Garcon la Pipe“ (Boy With a Pipe), painted in 1905, shot up to $104

32、.1 million at Sothebys during a protracted bidding match over the telephone. That is nearly twice the previous record for the artist: the $55 million paid for “La Femme aux Bras Croiss“ at Christies New York in November 2000.The huge figure reflects the double iconic value that the portrait derived

33、from its mastery and from the aura of its owners, the very patrician Whitneys. The portrait is perhaps the artists ultimate achievement. Constantly hailed as the giant of modem art, Picasso was probably at his greatest when working under the spell of Old Masters. The rigorous composition, the color

34、balance and the profound psychological probe of the young sitter place the likeness in a category that begins with Italian Renaissance portraitists and continues right through the 19th century with Corot and Degas.Bought by Whitney in 1950, the painting was seen at distant intervals in major exhibit

35、ions dealing with the artist, from the 1967 Grand Palais retrospective in Pads to the 1996 portrait show at the Museum of Modem Art in New York. The portrait was thus both famous in art history and forgotten. This maximized its impact.Not least, “Garcon la Pipe“ epitomized the taste of connoisseurs

36、of the old school who bought on the strength of their convictions, not on advice. They collected for the sake of the art, neither for investment-they were already rich-nor to achieve social status, which they had by birth. In short, the Whitney sale marked the end of an era when the old cultivated e

37、lite of the Western world dominated the art market.Buyers sensed the unique character of the occasion. They responded to pictures that played each other up, linked by affinities that went beyond style or school.Edouard Manets “Les Courses au Bois de Boulogne“ (Races in the Bois de Boulogne) is as im

38、portant regarding the Impressionists painting as “Garcon“ is within Picassos oeuvre. The complex composition worthy of 17th-century masters is combined with a sketchiness in much of the detail that already heralds the march toward Abstractionism.The forward thrust of the horses in the foreground and

39、 the tense postures of their riders give the picture a vigor and an authority it shares with the Picasso. And like Picassos portrait, it owes a soothing harmony to its color balance. The Manet brought $26.3 million-a figure deemed disappointing by some only because market prices are at an all-time h

40、igh.The same combination of boldness in composition and harmony in the color scheme can again be detected in Claude Monets “Bateaux Sur le Galet“ (Boats on the Strand), painted in 1884. Here too the work is unusual. The thrust of the brush strokes that define the boats and the close-up view of hulls

41、 that seem to burst out of the space in which they are lodged create an Expressionist effect. At $4.46 million, the rare masterpiece was worth every penny of it.With remarkable consistency, Whitney sought and found similar characteristics in the work of artists that seemed least likely to display th

42、em. Odilon Redons admirable still life of flowers in a vase seems compressed in a space too small to contain it. Painted in oil rather than drawn in pastel, the still life has a brilliance in its color harmony that is quite unusual. Curiously, “Fleurs Darts un Vase Vert“ cost a comparatively moderat

43、e $1.68 million. It was not obvious enough in the context of that evenings sale.The collectors versatility where style, school and period were concerned was exceptional. He apparently bought with equal relish some paintings as extraordinarily advanced for their time as others seem rooted in timeless

44、 classicism.“Nature Morte au Purro II“ was painted by Matisse around 1904-1905 in the contrasted colors of the Fauves, quickly applied in juxtaposed touches. These distill form and outline. The still life rose to $1.85 million, but did not match the highest expectations pinned on it.The Matisse bear

45、s a kinship of sorts to one of Paul Signacs most original compositions, painted in 1887. In the small close-up view of the stem of a boat, the sea and the sky are handled as a shower of broad greenish and bluish specks. The Signac touched a chord. At $1 million it fared better than the Matisse in co

46、mparative terms. Given their modernity, neither picture was wildly expensive in todays market.（分数：5.00）(1).The relationship between the second and third paragraphs is thatA. the third is a subcategory of the second.B. the third is the logical cause of the second.C. the second generalizes and the thi

47、rd gives examples.D. both present the value of Picassos paintings.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the passage, connoisseurs of the old schoolA. bought art works on the advice of auctioneers.B. had their own judgment of the value of art works.C. collected for the purpose of investment.D. collected

48、in order to achieve social status.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Edouard Manets Races in the Bois de Boulogne is similar to Picassos works in all the following aspects EXCEPTA. vigor. B. authority.C. harmony in the color scheme. D. the same high price.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the passage, _ creates an Expressionist effect.A. Fleurs Darts un Vase Vert B. La Femme aux Bras CroissC. Races in the Bois de Boulogne D. Boats on the Strand（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).“The Matisse bears a kinship of sorts to one of Paul Signacs.“ in the last paragraph meansA. Matis