专业八级-756及答案解析.doc

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1、专业八级-756 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)AudienceAudience is a very important concept for writing.The audience influences the content, structure, style,etc of your writing. You need to analyze your audiencein terms of1. Your social relationsTh

2、rough writing, you are making social(1) _ with other members of the society. (1)_2. Their (2)_of your subject (2)_This analysis is particularly valuable in (3) (3)_writing.3. Their (4) _ to the subject and your (4)_position in the writingThis analysis is extremely important in (5) _ (5)_writing.1) T

3、o those who agree, (6) _ the importance (6)_of your position;2 ) To those who are neutral or undecided, addresstheir (7)_ as directly and fully as possible; (7)_3) To whose who disagree, try to find out whythey disagree. There may be two reasons for theirdisagreement:lack of informationpersonal, poe

4、tical, or (8)_reasons (8)_For the former, give them relevant information as(9)_as possible. (9)_For the latter, you need to show your (10) (10)_of them and address them accordingly.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Questions 1 t

5、o 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following 5 questions.Now listen to the interview.（分数：5.00）(1).The interview is mainly about（分数：1.00）A.how to select universities in the UK.B.living in the UK for students.C.living in the U

6、K for immigrants.D.how to find jobs in the UK.(2).According to George Allen, tuition fees mostly depend on（分数：1.00）A.the university students own choices.B.the location of the university.C.the type of course students take.D.the teaching facilities of the university.(3).What does George Allen think ab

7、out food in the UK?（分数：1.00）A.It is boring and uninteresting.B.It is very good.C.People use too many spices in their cooking.D.Local pubs provide cheap food with good quality.(4).Which place has the best nightlife in Britain?（分数：1.00）A.London.B.Manchester.C.Birmingham.D.Southwest of England.(5).Peop

8、le can get information about the UK from all the following EXCEPT（分数：1.00）A.guide books.B.Internet.C.the British Council.D.the university accommodation office.四、SECTION C(总题数：3，分数：5.00)Questions 6 to 7 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answ

9、er each of the two questions.Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).The space between Earth and Sun is（分数：1.00）A.a vacuum.B.full of dusts.C.full of atomic particles.D.windy.(2).According to Mr. Hildner, intense solar emissions（分数：1.00）A.are dangerous to us on the surface of Earth.B.are dangerous to air

10、plane passengers.C.can destiny satellites.D.can destroy power networks.1. Question 8 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.Which of the following statements is NOT true about the MG Magazine?（分数：1.00）A.

11、Its base is in Kuwait.B.It was founded by a Muslim girl.C.It reflects Muslim values.D.All the contributors are girls.Questions 9 and I0 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the two questions.Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).T

12、he year 2007 will be named as（分数：1.00）A.the Year of Russia in China.B.the Year of Trade in China.C.the Year of Trade in Russia.D.the Year of China in Russia.(2).The summit between Putin and Hu will（分数：1.00）A.lead to breakthroughs in bilateral cooperation.B.help to forge a new bilateral relationship.

13、C.focus on bilateral cooperation in education.D.last for five days.五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)It was a day that Michael Eisner would undoubtedly like to forget. Sitting in a Los Angeles witness box for four hours last week, the usually unflappable chairman of the Walt

14、Disney Co. struggled to maintain his composure. Eisner s protg turned nemesis. Jeffrey Katzenberg, his former employee, was seeking $500 million in his breach-of-contract suit against Disney, and Eisner was trying to defend his-and his company s integrity. At one point Eisner became flustered when K

15、atzenberg s attorney, Bertram Fields, asked if he recalled telling his biographer, Tony Schwartz,“ I think I hate the little midget.“ Later Eisner recalled that the same day, he had received a fax from Katzenberg meant for Fields, thanking the lawyer for “managing“ a magazine story that praised Katz

16、enberg at Eisner s expense: “I said to Schwartz, Screw that. If he is going to play this disingenuous game. I simply was not going to pay him his money.“Last week s revelations were the latest twist in a dispute that has entertained Hollywood and tarnished Disney s corporate image. The dash began fi

17、ve years ago, when Katzenberg quit Disney after a 10-year reign as studio chief, during which he oversaw production of such animated blockbusters as “The Lion King“. Disney s attorneys said that Katzenberg forfeited his bonus2 percent of profits in perpetuity from all Disney movies, TV shows and sta

18、ge productions from 1984 to 1994, as well as their sequels and tie-ins-when he left. The company ultimately paid Katzenberg a partial settlement of nearly $117 million, sources say. But talks broke down over how much Disney owed, and the dispute landed in com.Industry insiders never expected that Di

19、sney would push it this far. The last Hollywood accounting dispute that aired in public was Art Buchwalds lawsuit against Paramount for profits he claimed to be owed from the 1988 Eddie Murphy hit “Coming to America“. Paramount chose to fight Buchwald in courtonly to wind up paying him $l million af

20、ter embarrassing revelations about its business practices. After that, studios made a practice of quietly settling such claims. But Disney under Eisner would rather fight that settle. And he and Katzenberg are both proud, combative types whose business disagreement deepened into personal animus,So f

21、ar, Disney s imageas well as Eisner shas taken a beating. In his testimony last week Eisner repeatedly responded to questions by saying “I don t recall“ or “I don t know“. Katzenberg, by contrast, offered a stack of notes and memos that appeared to bolster his claim. (The Disney executive who negoti

22、ated Katzenberg s deal, Frank Wells, died in a helicopter crash five years ago.)The trial has also offered a devastating glimpse into the Magic Kingdom s business dealings. Internal documents detail sensitive Disney financial information. One Hollywood lawyer calls a memo sent to Katzenberg from a f

23、ormer Disney top accountant “a road map to riches“ for writers, directors and producers eager to press cases against Disney. The company declined requests to comment on the case. The next phase of the trial could be even more embarrassing. As Katzenbergs profit participation is calculated, Eisner wi

24、ll have to argue that his animated treasures are far less valuable than Katzenberg claims. No matter how the judge rules, Disney will look like a loser.（分数：5.00）(1).At the end of the first paragraph, the pronoun “r in the quoted sentence “I said to Schwatz, . “refers to _.（分数：1.00）A.EisnerB.FieldsC.

25、SchwatzD.Katzenberg(2).Katzenberg made a lawsuit against Disney because _.（分数：1.00）A.Disney dismissed him before the contract expiredB.Eisner insulted him in a magazine by calling him “the little midget“C.Disney did not pay him in accordance with the contractD.Disney owed him $117 million(3).Hollywo

26、od studios now try to avoid sealing disputes with their employees in court because they fear that_.（分数：1.00）A.involvement in a lawsuit will tarnish their reputationB.many of their illegal business practices will be found out by the publicC.lawyers will overcharge them for such casesD.their confident

27、ial business information will be divulged(4).It is implied in the last paragraph that_.（分数：1.00）A.Disney has profited much less than the general public expectedB.Disney has underpaid many of their employeesC.Eisner s animated movies didnt bring as much money as Katzenberg thinksD.Disney is undergoin

28、g a financial crisis(5).We can infer from this passage that _.（分数：1.00）A.Katzenberg will undoubtedly win the lawsuit and get ail the money he claimedB.Eisner will remain imperturbable all through the trialC.Katzenberg will suffer great embarrassmentD.Disney will face more lawsuits from their employe

29、es七、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：4.00)Researchers investigating brain size and mental ability say their work offers evidence that education protects the mind from the brain s physical deterioration.It is known that the brain shrinks as the body ages, but the effects on mental ability are different from person to

30、 person. Interestingly, in a study of elderly men and women, those who had more education actually had more brain shrinkage.“That may seem tike bad news,“ said study author Dr. Edward Coffey, a professor of psychiatry and of neurology at Henry Ford Health System in Detroit. However, he explained, th

31、e Finding suggests that education allows people to withstand more brain-tissue loss before their mental functioning begins to break down.The study, published in the July issue of Neurology, is the first to provide biological evidence to support a concept called the “reserve“ hypothesis, according to

32、 the researchers. In recent years, investigators have developed the idea that people who are more educated have greater cognitive reserves to draw upon as the brain tissue to spare.Examining brain scans of 320 healthy men and women ages 66 to 90, researchers found that for each year of education the

33、 subjects had, there was greater shrinkage of the outer layer of the brain known as the cortex. Yet on tests of cognition and memory, all participants scored in the range indicating normal.“Everyone has some degree of brain shrinkage,“ Coffey said. “People lose (on average) 2.5 percent decade starti

34、ng at adulthood.There is, however, a “remarkable range“ of shrinkage among people who show no signs of mental decline, Coffey noted. Overall health, he said, accounts for some differences in brain size. Alcohol or drug use, as well as medical conditions such as diabetes and high blood pressure, cont

35、ribute to brain-tissue loss throughout adulthood.In the absence of such medical conditions, Coffey said, education level helps explain the range of brain shrinkage exhibited among the mentally-fit elderly. The more-educated can withstand greater loss.Coffey and colleagues gauged shrinkage of the cor

36、tex by measuring the cerebrospinal fluid surrounding the brain. The greater the amount of fluid, the greater the cortical shrinkage. Controlling for the health factors that contribute to brain injury, the researchers found that education war related to the severity of brain shrinkage. For each year

37、of education from first grade on, subjects had an average of 1.77 milliliters more cerebrospinal fluid around the brain.For example, Coffey s team reported, among subjects of the same sex and similar age and skull size, those with 16 years of education had 8 percent to l0 percent more cerebrospinal

38、fluid compared with those who had four years of schooling.Of course, achieving a particular education level is not the definitive measure of someone s mental capacity. And, said Coffey, education can be “a proxy for many things“. More-educated people, he noted, are often less likely to have habits,

39、such as smoking, that harm overall health. But Coffey said that his team s findings suggest that like the body, the brain benefits from exercise. “The question is whether by continuing to exercise the brain we can forestall the effects of (brain shrinkage),“ he said. “My hunch is that we can.“Accord

40、ing to Coffey, people should strive throughout life to keep their brains alert by exposing themselves to new experiences. Travelling is one way to stimulate the brain, he said; a less adventuresome way is to do crossword puzzles.“A hot topic down the road,“ Coffey said, “will be whether education ev

41、en late in life has a protective effect against mental decline.“Just how education might affect brain cells is unknown. In their report, the researchers speculated that in people with more education, certain brain structures deeper than the cortex may stay intact to compensate for cortical shrinkage

42、.（分数：4.00）(1).According to this passage, all of the following factors could account for brain shrinkage except_.（分数：1.00）A.ageB.educationC.healthD.exercise(2).Which of the following statements is true?（分数：1.00）A.The brain of an adult person shrinks 2.5% every l0 years.B.The cerebrospinal fluid of a

43、person with g years of education may have increased by 17.7 millimeters.C.The cerebrospinal fluid of a person with 16 years of education may increase by 10%.D.The brain of an aged person shrinks 5% every 10 years.(3).According to Coffey s research, the brain may benefit from _.（分数：1.00）A.runningB.pl

44、aying chessC.swimmingD.playing football.(4).From this passage, we can conclude that _.（分数：1.00）A.education is beneficial to mental developmentB.education protects the brain from shrinkingC.education has a protective effect against mental declineD.education affects overall brain structures八、TEXT C(总题

45、数：1，分数：6.00)Roger Rosenblatt s book Black Fiction, in attempting to apply literary rather than sociopolitical criteria to its subject, successfully alters the approach taken by most previous studies. As Rosenblatt notes, criticism of Black writing has often served as a pretext for expounding on Blac

46、k history. Addison Gayle s recent work, for example, judges the value of Black fiction by overtly political standards, rating each work according to the notions of Black identity which it introduces.Although fiction assuredly springs from political circumstances, its authors react to those circumsta

47、nces in ways other than ideological, and talking about novels and stories primarily as instruments of ideology outwits much of the fictional enterprise. Rosenblatt s literary analysis discloses affinities and connections among works of Black fiction which solely political studies have overlooked or

48、ignored.Writing acceptable criticism of Black fiction, however, presupposes giving satisfactory answers to a number of questions. First of all, is there a sufficient reason, other than the racial identity to the authors, to group together works by Black authors? Second, how does Black fiction make itself distinct from other modem fiction with which it is largely contemporaneous? Rosenblatt shows that Black fiction constitutes a distinct body of writing that has an identifiable, coherent literary tradition. Looking at novels written by Blacks ov