专业八级-602及答案解析.doc

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1、专业八级-602 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)How to Become a More Effective LearnerThe best ways to become an effective learner:1. Memory Improvement Basicsa) Basic tips :improving focus, avoiding cram sessions etc.b) More lessons from (1) 2. Keep

2、 Learning and Practicing New Thingsa) One surefire way: to simply keep learningb) One way to keep new information: keep practicing and (2) it3. Learn in Multiple Waysa) Find a way to exercise the information both (3) b) Effect: to further cement the knowledge in your mind4. Teach What Youve Learned

3、to Another Persona) To teach is one of the best ways to learn somethingb) Start by (4) the information into your own words5. (5) Previous Learning to Promote New Learningrelational learning: relating new information to things you know.6. Gain Practical ExperienceBest ways to improve learning: put ne

4、w knowledge and skills into(6) 7. Look Up Answers Rather Than Struggle to Remembera) When you forget something, the best way is to find (7) b)Reason: trying to recall information results in learning the “errorstate“8. Understand How You Learn Besta) Recognize your learning habits and (8) b) Look at

5、materials 1o decide your suitable learning strategies.9. Use Testing to Boost Learninga) (9) actually helps you better remember what youve learnedb) Students who take tests have better long-term recall10. Stop Multitaskinga) Multitasking can actually make learning (10) b) Ways to avoid multitasking:

6、focusing your attention on the task at handcontinuing working for a predetermined amount of time.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).What is the womans book about?（分数：1.00）A.It is about how to protect the environment.B.It is a

7、bout how to educate children.C.It is about how to raise children in a healthy way.D.It tells people to live in an environmentally friendly way.(2).Why is it even important to raise a child as the book states?（分数：1.00）A.Because kids are in need of nutrition.B.Because there are so much toxically subst

8、ance in our daily food.C.Because everything needs cleaning.D.Because our environment has been polluted.(3).Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?（分数：1.00）A.Cleaning products should look like water.B.Many products have chemicals and false colorings.C.Food with synthetic chemicals is harmful.

9、D.The low-lying chemical isnt detrimental to children.(4).Which of the following is NOT the reason for eating organic food?（分数：1.00）A.Organic food does not have pesticides.B.Organic food is much cheaper.C.Pesticides are linked to many diseases of children.D.Organic food is more beneficial to health.

10、(5).How to cut down the cost of regular baby food?（分数：1.00）A.To control the quantity of the food intake of the kids.B.To purchase the less expensive food for the kids.C.To go to certain stores to buy them in bulk or DIY.D.To make childrens food yourself.四、SECTION C(总题数：3，分数：5.00)1.Question 6 is base

11、d on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given I0 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.The 10 Russians left U.S. because（分数：1.00）A.their life in U. S. was miserable.B.they are convicted Russian spies.C.they miss their motherland.D.they prefer to move to Vie

12、nna.Questions 7 and 8 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).The head of the U.S. Central Bank says the key driver of the U.S. economy is（分数：1.00）A.employment rate.B.consumer spending.C.i

13、nterest rate.D.gold reserve.(2).How many jobs were lost during the recession?（分数：1.00）A.37,000.B.464,000.C.About 4.5 million.D.Over 8 million.Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news.

14、（分数：2.00）(1).Who are responsible for setting the goals for public school teaching in America?（分数：1.00）A.Chief state school officers.B.Local Schoolmasters.C.Local and state school boards.D.Local education bureau.(2).On which subjects can the Common Core State Standards be applied?（分数：1.00）A.Algebra a

15、nd mathematics.B.Mathematics and arts.C.English-language arts and mathematics.D.English-language arts and algebra.五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)History buffs still wax poetic about the brutal patent battles a century ago between the Wright brothers and Glenn Curtis, anoth

16、er aviation pioneer. The current smart-phone patent war does not quite have the same romance, but it could be as important.Hardly a week passes without a new case. Motorola sued Apple this month, having itself been sued by Microsoft a few days earlier. Since 2006 the number of mobile-phone-related p

17、atent complaints has increased by 20% annually, according to Lex Machina, a firm that keeps a database of intellectual-property spats in America.Most suits were filed by patent owners who hail from another industry, such as Kodak (a firm from a bygone era that now makes printers), or by patent troll

18、s (firms that buy patents not in order to make products, but to sue others for allegedly infringing them). But in recent months the makers of handsets and related software themselves have become much more litigious, reports Joshua Walker, the boss of Lex Machina.This orgy for lawyers is partly a res

19、ult of the explosion of the market for smart-phones. IDC, a market-research firm, expects that 270m smart phones will be sold this year: 55% more than in 2009. “It has become worthwhile to defend ones intellectual property,“ says Richard Windsor of Nomura, an investment bank.Yet there is more than t

20、his going on. Smart phones are not just another type of handset, but fully-fledged computers, which come loaded with software and double as digital cameras and portable entertainment centers. They combine technologies from different industries, most of them patented. Given such complexity, sorting o

21、ut who owns what requires time and a phalanx of lawyers.The convergence of different industries has also led to a culture clash. When it comes to intellectual property, mobile-phone firms have mostly operated like a club. They jointly develop new technical standards: for example, for a new generatio

22、n of wireless networks. They then license or swap the patents “essential“ to this standard under “fair and reasonable“ conditions.Not being used to such a collectivist set-up, Apple refused to pay up, which triggered the first big legal skirmish over smart-phones. A year ago Nokia lobbed a lawsuit a

23、t Apple, alleging that its American rivals phone infringes on a number of its “essential patents“. A couple of months later, Apple returned the favour, alleging that Nokia had copied some phone features. Since then both sides have upped the ante by filing additional complaints.Lending ferocity to th

24、is legal firefight is the fact that competition in the smart phone market is not merely about individual products, but entire platforms and operating systems. These are the infrastructures that allow other firms to develop applications, or “apps“, for these devices. Should any one firm gain an impor

25、tant lead, it might dominate the industry for decadesjust as Microsoft has dominated the market for personal-computer (PC) software.Yet there is a difference between the smart-phone war and the earlier one over PCs. There is a new type of player: firms with opera-source platforms. Google, for instan

26、ce, which makes its money from advertisements, does not charge for Android (its operating system for smart-phones) and lets others modify the software. This makes life hard for vendors of proprietary platforms, such as Apple and Microsoft.Some expect Apple and Microsoft t0 sue Google. Yet this is un

27、likely, because the online giant will be hard to pin down. Google does not earn any money with Android, which makes it difficult to calculate any potential damage awards and patent royalties.The frenzy of smart-phone litigation could last for years. Litigation may also make smart-phones dearer. Mr.

28、White of Bristol York estimates that device makers already have to pay royalties for 200300 patents for a typical smart-phone. Patent costs are 15,20-of its selling price, or about half of what the hardware components cost. “If 50 people each want 2% of a devices value, we have a problem,“ says Josh

29、 Lerner, a professor at Harvard Business School.Finally, there is a danger that the current intensity of litigation will become normal. Pessimists predict an everlasting patent war, much as the wider information-technology industry seems permanently embroiled in antitrust action. The Wright brothers

30、 legal skirmishes were put to rest only by the outbreak of the first World war. With luck, thee smart-phone patent: battles will end more quietly.（分数：5.00）(1).The word “spats“ in the second paragraph probably means（分数：1.00）A.patents.B.disputes.C.licenses.D.arbitration.(2).We can infer from the passa

31、ge that smart-phones（分数：1.00）A.will prove to be outdated and short-lived.B.used to be unpopular with mobile phone users.C.seem to have a huge market with great potential.D.need to be updated with more advanced technology.(3).Which of the following statements about the scrap between Apple and Nokia i

32、s TRUE?（分数：1.00）A.A third party will reconcile it.B.Apple will make a compromise.C.It seems to be here to stay.D.There will be a legal decision.(4).Microsoft may harbor a grudge against Google because（分数：1.00）A.the latters free platform impairs the benefit of the former.B.the two companies compete f

33、or similar operating systems.C.the latter is ambitious and eager to develop new applications.D.the latter poses a threat to the monopoly of Windows system.(5).Which is the best title of the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Nasty Legal DisputesB.The Great Patent BattleC.Rub between Tech GiantsD.Smart-phone Lawsuit

34、s七、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Bill Gates seems to relish being the skunk at the garden party. The former boss of Microsoft, now a global-health philanthropist, was invited to address a big “m-health“ conference in Washington, D. C. Some 2,400 proponents of delivering health services over wireless telecoms

35、, from the private and public sectors, gathered to celebrate the dozens of pilot projects under way around the world.Mr. Gates, however, warned the participants not to celebrate too soon. Just because an m-health pilot scheme appears to work in some remote locale, he insisted, dont “fool yourself“ i

36、nto thinking it really works unless it can be replicated at scale. Rafael Anta of the Inter-American Development Bank was even more cautious: “We know little about impact and nothing about business models. “Happily, evidence of m-healths usefulness is at last starting to trickle in. A study in the L

37、ancet, a medical journal, shows that something as simple as sending text messages to remind Kenyan patients to take their HIV drugs properly improved adherence to the therapy by 12%. Weldon, an American firm, found in a recent trial that an m-health scheme that relies on behavioral psychology to giv

38、e diabetics advice on managing their ailment has more effect than putting them on the leading diabetes drug.Another reason to think that m-health has a promising future is the flurry of business interest in it. One push comes from the rise of cloud computing (providing data storage and processing ov

39、er the internet), which Peter Newport of Microsoft argues will be “transformative“ for wireless health. UltraLinq, an American start-up, uses the cloud to offer medical imaging on the software-as-a-service model. AT a mobile phone captures and interprets the data, which can then be used for paid tel

40、emedicine consultations. Procter they held in their gloved hands thin umbrellas and hastily folded evening papers that resembled stiff, dirty rags of greenish, pinkish, or whitish color. Alvan Harvey stepped out with the rest, a smoldering cigar between his teeth. A disregarded little woman in rusty

41、 black, with both arms full of parcels, ran along in distress, bolted suddenly into a third-class compartment and the train went on. The slamming of carriage doors burst out sharp and spiteful like a fusillade; an icy draught mingled with acrid fumes swept the whole length of the platform and made a

42、 tottering old man, wrapped up to his ears in a woolen comforter, stop short in the moving throng to cough violently over his stick. No one spared him a glance.Alvan Hervey passed through the ticket gate. Between the bare walls of a sordid staircase men clambered rapidly; their backs appeared alikea

43、lmost as if they had been wearing a uniform; their indifferent faces were varied but somehow suggested kinship, like the faces of a band of brothers who through prudence, dignity, disgust, or foresight would resolutely ignore each other; and their eyes, quick or slow; their eyes gazing up the dusty

44、steps; their eyes brown, black, gray, blue, had all the same stare, concentrated and empty, satisfied and unthinking.Outside the big doorway of the street they scattered in all directions, walking away fast from one another with the hurried air of men fleeing from something compromising; from famili

45、arity or confidences; from something suspected and concealedlike truth or pestilence. Alvin Harvey hesitated, standing alone in the doorway for a moment; then decided to walk home.He strode firmly. A misty rain settled like silvery dust on clothes, on moustaches; wetted the faces, varnished the flag

46、stones, darkened the walls, dripped from umbrellas. And he moved on in the rain with careless serenity, with the tranquil ease of someone successful and disdainful, very sure of himselfa man with lots of money and friends. He was tall, well set-up, good-looking and healthy; and his clear pale face h

47、ad under its commonplace refinement that slight tinge of overbearing brutality which is given by the possession of only partly difficult accomplishments; by excelling in games, or in the art of making money; by the easy mastery over animals and over needy men.He was going home much earlier than usua

48、l, straight from the City and without calling at his club. He considered himself well connected, well educated and intelligent. Who doesnt? But his connections, education and intelligence were strictly on a par with those of the men with whom he did business or amused himself. He had married five ye

49、ars ago. At the time all his acquaintances had said he was very much in love; and he had said so himself, frankly, because it is very well understood that every man falls in love once in his lifeunless his wife dies, when it may be quite praiseworthy to fall in love again. The girl was healthy, tall, fair, and in his opinion was well connected, well educated and intelligent. She was also intensel