专业八级-535及答案解析.doc

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1、专业八级-535 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Tips for Effective Study1. Take good notes.Suggestions:Take notes for a particular class in (1) ;Date each entry into your notebook;Keep the notes for different classes;Your notes should contain a compl

2、ete record;Write down everything the instructor writes (2) ;Take your notes in some kind of outline form;Highlight important ideas or indicate vocabulary.2. Use your textbook.Use your own initiative; (3) the relevant chapters before each lecture.3. Prepare assignments.Dont leave assignments until th

3、e day before they are due;Be aware of (4) of the work you submit.4. Prepare for exams.Be (5) ;Dont wait until the night before an exam to study;Read through (6) a couple of times;Prepare (7) ;Have a good rest before an exam.5. Some final suggestions.Receive a syllabus for each class;Never (8) an exa

4、m if you can help it;Never throw away a handout or a returned assignment or exam;Develop systematic (9) associated with your schoolwork, e.g. 1) Keep class materials together and neat;2) Take necessary notebooks and materials.Set aside a study area at home;Schedule (10) .（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项

5、1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).Which of the following statements is CORRECT?（分数：1.00）A.A The whole .Amazon is being cut down to plant soybeans.B.B China sells soybeans to the Amazon area.(C.C The new needs in China have negative effects on the Amazo

6、n.D.D Only China can save the Amazon.(2).Climate change can affect businesses in the following ways EXCEPT（分数：1.00）A.flooding and storms.B.snowstorms and hailstorms.C.changing weather patterns.D.instability and insecurity.(3).Why does Carter cooperate with global companies?（分数：1.00）A.Because they ha

7、ve stronger financial ability.B.Because they have more customers and influence.C.Because they will carry out their promise.D.Because they have good reputation.(4).According to Carter,high school students can protect the environment by（分数：1.00）A.staying away from the nature.B.communicating with paren

8、ts on environmental issues.C.stopping using the plastic made things.D.eating less unhealthy food.(5).Carter tried to tell us by the story that（分数：1.00）A.it is easy to protect tigers in the Himalayas.B.the local government protected tigers in order to earn money.C.the local people have the ability to

9、 make some difference in protecting the nature.D.protecting the nature will also bring people economic benefits.四、SECTION C(总题数：3，分数：5.00)1.Question 6 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.Exchange stu

10、dents must have the following qualifications EXCEPT（分数：1.00）A.over 11/12 years of education.B.speaking English well.C.a good record in school.D.being 15 to 18 years old.Questions 9 and I0 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questio

11、ns. Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).How long has India been the first large country to send students to study in America?（分数：1.00）A.Seven years.B.Two years.C.Eight years.D.Nine years.(2).According to the news item, which of the following statements is TRUE?（分数：1.00）A.China has sent more than 100

12、,000 students to American schools.B.The number of Chinese students increased 9% to 75,000.C.Canada was the only non-Asian country in the top five.D.The most popular subject for international students is engineering.Questions 7 and 8 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you w

13、ill be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1)._of students have found a job by now.（分数：1.00）A.One-fifthB.Four-fifthC.27%D.73%(2).The advantages Of counselors include all the following EXCEPT（分数：1.00）A.helping students with job applications and preparing for int

14、erviews.B.letting students know about job openings and job recruitment fairs.C.helping students get experience in a position.D.helping first-year students decide what to study.五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)With the constructor of the railways in the 19th century, a new so

15、ciological phenomenon was born: the traveling criminal. Until then, police had relied on local communities to recognize a bad apple in their midst, but now the felons were on the move, wreaking havoc in communities which had no knowledge of their past and hence no reason to be wary. For law enforcer

16、s trying to contain the problem by sharing descriptions of known recidivists, it became imperative to answer one question, what is it that identifies someone as a particular person?This question has long troubled humanity, of course, and it is explored in all its facets in a new exhibition at the We

17、lcome Collection in London. One practical application lies in the forensic arena. The first solution offered, branding, was simple and effective. But even in a society that preferred to believe that criminals were born and not made, this was soon deemed unacceptable. So there was a need to find some

18、thing innate to human beings that remains constant from the cradle to the grave, and that is sufficiently differentiated in the population to make it useful in identifying individuals.Alphonse Brillion, who appears in one of the identity cards he invented, came up with a system that combined photogr

19、aphy (the profile and face-on photos that police still use today) with a range of bodily measurements. His system was widely taken up until Sir Francis Galeton, a colleague, rival and inveterate classifier, realized the individualizing potential of fingerprints. These held sway for a century until,

20、in 1984, Sir Alec Jeffreys of Leicester University stumbled on an even more powerful personal barcode: DNA.Embedded in this short history is all the elusiveness of human identity; each new advance reveals the flaws in earlier systems. Go to the website of the New York-based Innocence Project to see

21、the latest tally of exonerations that have taken place in America, after DNA evidence showed those convictions to be unsafe. At the time of writing, the figure comes to 246. Mistaken eyewitness identification is a major culprit, but fingerprint misidentification is cited too.Ironically, our facility

22、 for recognizing faces may be to blame. The brain has evolved to look for patterns, and when one is incomplete it will fill in the gaps, sometimes leaping to the wrong conclusion, as Brandon Mayfield, an Oregon lawyer, discovered when he was wrongly implicated in the 2004 Madrid bombings on the basi

23、s of a single, poor-quality fingerprint.So what of DNA? Within hours of reaching a crime scene, police may now have information that helps identify suspects. In the courtroom, DNA trumps all other identifiers. But it has its limitations. With ever more minute quantities becoming detectable, contamin

24、ation is a serious issue. The Phantom of Heilbronn murdered her way across Europe until, last March, she was discovered not to exist. The DNA found at each crime scene actually came from a female worker in the factory that manufactured the cotton swabs used to collect evidence.There is another probl

25、em with DNA. When the technology allows for a persons entire genome to be read from a single drop of blood, it may well constitute a gold standard for identification. But for now analysts work with a snapshot of that genome, represented by an arbitrary number of markers spaced along it. If there are

26、 gaps to be filled, the brain will fill them, which could make it vulnerable to the same kind of errors as its predecessors.From the very real traveling criminal, via the Phantom of Heilbronn, the Welcome exhibition returns to the central question. Perhaps identity, like beauty, lies in the eye of t

27、he beholder, and if people want to see one and not the other, they need to invent a new way of looking.（分数：5.00）(1).The first paragraph does NOT claim that（分数：1.00）A.the traveling criminal was born in the 19th century.B.police counted on local communities to identify a criminal nowadays.C.the crimin

28、al can travel freely nowadays.D.it is difficult to identify a particular persona(2).Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?（分数：1.00）A.Branding was effective but impractical.B.People still can not identify a particular person accurately.C.Alphose Bertillon devised a system for identifying cri

29、minals.D.Fracncis Galton was the first to apply fingerprints.(3).It can be inferred from the passage that the Innocence Project was probably founded（分数：1.00）A.to assist innocent prisoners through DNA testing.B.to aid the law enforcers in finding the criminals.C.to prevent the injustice conviction in

30、 future.D.to verify all of the misidentification.(4).It can be concluded from the passage that（分数：1.00）A.the facility for identifying faces needs improving.B.there may be two identical fingerprints.C.DNA testing is a gold standard for identification.D.DNA testing might be replaced in the future.(5).

31、Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Human Identityan Elusive IllusionB.How to Identify a Particular PersonC.What Makes Human Beings Individuals?D.The History of Human Identity七、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)After decades of exodus, the tide of Irish migration took a defini

32、tive turn in the late 1980s, when the Irish Diaspora started to come home. Maben Walsh was one of those who returned. The 49-year-old designer decided to move back to Dublin after years living in Arizona. Walsh says living abroad for so long caused her family to return “more aware of our background

33、and our Irish ness. So when we came back in 1988 and had children, we wanted them to have our culture. “And so Walsh, like more and more Irish parents, sends her children to a school where all the lessons are taught in IrishIrelands indigenous Celtic language. Over the past decade, gaelscoileanna, a

34、s the schools are called, have become one of the fastest-growing sectors in Irish education. And though they still only comprise 5% of Irelands schools, their number has tripled since the early 1990s.The explosion in gaelscoileanna is part of an Irish-language renaissance thats been building over th

35、e past twenty years. Centuries of colonization left Ireland with a severely depleted population of Irish speakers by the time it gained independence from Britain in 1922. For decades after, the language was ghettoized in remote, rural pockets of the country and weighed down by associations with pove

36、rty or sectarian extremism. Today, between 5 and 10% of the 4.2 million people living in Ireland speak Irish on a daily basis, and many of those are students who only speak it in school. Maire Nic Ghiolla Phddraig, senior lecturer of sociology at University College Dublin, witnessed the impact of th

37、e rise in gaelscoileanna on her university campus with more and more gaelgfirs, or Irish speakers, arriving each year. “I have seen the change during Freshers week,“ Nick Gila Paradigm says. “Hundreds of Irish speakers join the Cumann Gaeleach Irish club and wearing Gird don Galilee I Heart Irish st

38、ickers. Its no longer regarded as uncoil to speak Irish. “But the rise of the old tongue has some worried about a potentially new conflict: that the increasing number of gaelscoileanna will pit Irelands constitutional vow to preserve its “native“ language against the obligation as a modern country t

39、o integrate its increasing immigrant population. While Walsh and hundreds of thousands of other Irish were making their way home, other, newer migration paths were being cut from many other countries. Between the late 1980s and.:today, the percentage of foreign-born residents in Ireland grew from ar

40、ound 1% to almost 12%. “People choose gaelscoileanna for all kinds of reasons, but realistically it would rarely be the first choice for newly arrived immigrants,“ says Colette Cavanaugh, a principal at Esker Educate Together School in Lucian, a commuter town outside of Dublin.That disconnect, says

41、Cavanaugh, could engender a defector segregation in the Irish school system and a potentially unfair distribution of more resources to Irish schools. “ These schools could unintentionally lead to a kind of white flight from English-language education,“ she says. At Cavanaughs English-speaking school

42、, one of the most diverse in the country, 950/00 of the students are children of immigrants. At the nearest Irish-language school, only 5% of the student body is foreign-born.Sociologists say Irelands linguistic renaissance and the nations spike in immigration are both triggered in part by the “Celt

43、ic Tiger“ the growth phenomenon that has seen the Irish economy mushroom by over 150% since 1995. Years of EU infrastructural and educational support and a young and cheap labor force made Ireland a fertile ground for foreign investment in the domestic IT sector, among other industries, and the resu

44、lt has seen the average annual family income double to $ 93,000 in the past 10 years. Nic Ghiolla Phddraig says this new prosperity brought a sense of pride and self-assurance that prompted a rediscovery in Irelands “cultural assets“Irish being one of them.As targets like these continue to be pursue

45、d nationwide, it may, in fact, be the new Ireland that helps this old language grow. Miehal Boleslav Mechura, a 33-year-old resident of Dublin who immigrated from the Czech Republic ten years ago, became fluent in Irish and finds it useful in his own integration process. “People dont realize Im not

46、from here when I speak in Irish,“ Mechura says. “A lot of Irish people who speak Irish speak it as a second language and so we are all on the same footing. I fit in better in Irish. /（分数：5.00）(1).According to the passage, which of the following is closest in meaning to Diaspora (Para. 1)?（分数：1.00）A.

47、Immigrant.B.Nationality.C.Emigrant.D.Settler.(2).The passage cites the following examples EXCEPT_to show Irish-language renaissance.（分数：1.00）A.Irelands independence from BritainB.the increase of gaelscoileannaC.more Irish speakers joining the Cumann GaeleachD.more gaelgeirs in the University College

48、 Dublin(3).The Irish-language renaissance may lead to the following problems EXCEPT（分数：1.00）A.the separation in the Irish school system.B.the neglect of the government integrating immigrants.C.fewer immigrants coming to Ireland.D.fewer foreign-born students in Ireland.(4).According to the passage, “

49、Celtic Tiger“ results from the following EXCEPT（分数：1.00）A.the Irelands linguistic renaissance.B.EU aid.C.the low-priced labor force.D.foreign investment.(5).Whats the main idea of this passage?（分数：1.00）A.Irelands language renaissance.B.Irelands language dilemma.C.Irish educational system.D.The boom of gaelscoileanna.八、TEXT C(总题数：1，分数：5.00)In the yea