专业八级-418及答案解析.doc

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1、专业八级-418 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1.In order to protect Western Europe from possible Soviet expansion, the United States decided to offer western European countries economic aid. This policy is called _.（分数：2.00）A.Truman DoctrineB.Marshall PlanC.containment policyD.McCarthyism2.The U.S. Constituti

2、on provides that the _ shall be President of the Senate.（分数：2.00）A.Vice PresidentB.Secretary of StateC.Senate Majority LeaderD.Senate Minority Leader3.A member of the House of Representatives and a member of the Senate serve respectively for _ and _ years.（分数：2.00）A.2; 4B.2; 6C.4; 6D.4; 84.What is t

3、he leading corn-producing state in the United States?（分数：2.00）A.Nebraska.B.Minnesota.C.Iowa.D.Indiana.5._ is the largest single source of imports for the U.S.（分数：2.00）A.BrazilB.CanadaC.BritainD.China6.Formal education in the United States consists of _.（分数：2.00）A.kindergarten, junior and senior educ

4、ationB.junior, elementary and secondary educationC.elementary, secondary and higher educationD.kindergarten, secondary and higher education7.In the United States, educational policies are determined by _.（分数：2.00）A.the federal governmentB.the state and board of trustees in some statesC.local school

5、districtD.board of trustees8.The dominant group in American life is _.（分数：2.00）A.the white Anglo-Saxon protestantsB.the white EuropeansC.the white British protestantsD.the white Anglo-Saxons9.Slavery was totally abolished in the United States in _.（分数：2.00）A.1830B.1863C.1865D.196510.Which of the fol

6、lowing is not the major newspaper or magazine in the U. S.A.?（分数：2.00）A.Financial Times.B.Washington Post.C.New York Times.D.National Geography.11._ is considered as the United States“ unique contribution to music.（分数：2.00）A.Rock and rollB.JazzC.Country musicD.Western music12.Which of the following

7、is NOT a nickname of the United States?（分数：2.00）A.Uncle Sam.B.Big appleC.Melting pot.D.A Nation on the Wheel.13.The first English colony in America established in（分数：2.00）A.New JerseyB.New York.C.JamestownD.Georgia.14.The head of the executive branch of the U.S. Federal Government is _.（分数：2.00）A.th

8、e President of the U.S.B.the Vice President of the U.S.C.the Chief JusticeD.the Secretary of State15._ has been called the “cradle of American liberty“.（分数：2.00）A.PhiladelphiaB.BostonC.PlymouthD.Chicago16.The First Continental Congress was held in _.（分数：2.00）A.1773B.1774C.1775D.177617.Washington D.C

9、., capital of the United States, is named after（分数：2.00）A.George WashingtonB.Christopher Columbus.C.both of themD.neither of them.18.The second largest racial and ethnic group in the United States is（分数：2.00）A.the White.B.the Hispanics.C.Chinese.D.the Blacks.19.Martin Luther King, Jr. who delivered

10、a famous speech named I Have a Dream was the leader of _ in U.S.A.（分数：2.00）A.Bus BoycottB.the Progressive MovementC.Civil Rights MovementD.the Westward Movement20.The American government is divided into three branches: the legislative, the executive and the judicial. They are represented by _, _ and

11、 _ respectively.（分数：2.00）A.the Supreme Court, the Congress, the PresidencyB.the Congress, the Supreme Court, the PresidencyC.the Congress, the Presidency, the Supreme CourtD.the Presidency, the Congress, the Supreme Court21.The two main parties of New Zealand are _.（分数：2.00）A.the National Party and

12、the Labor PartyB.the Liberal Party and the Labor PartyC.the National Party and the Liberal PartyD.the Labor Party and the Democrats22.The Australian federation has a _ system of government.（分数：2.00）A.two-tierB.three-tierC.four-tierD.five-tier23.In Ireland, _ has full original jurisdiction and power

13、in all matters of law.（分数：2.00）A.the High CourtB.the Supreme CourtC.the Court of AppealD.the Crown Court24.The most populous city in New Zealand is _.（分数：2.00）A.WellingtonB.AucklandC.ChristchurchD.Dunedin25.The term “multiculturalism“ was coined in _.（分数：2.00）A.the United StatesB.AustraliaC.BritainD

14、.Canada26.The Mississippi River used to be under the control of _.（分数：2.00）A.FranceB.BritainC.SpainD.Portugal27.The largest city in Canada is _.（分数：2.00）A.TorontoB.MontrealC.VancouverD.Quebec City28._ is theoretically the source of executive power in Canada.（分数：2.00）A.Queen Elizabeth B.The Governor-

15、GeneralC.The PresidentD.The Prime Minister29.English is the language most commonly spoken throughout Canada, except for the province of _.（分数：2.00）A.QuebecB.Nova ScotiaC.New BrunswickD.Alberta30.When was Canada given internal self-government?（分数：2.00）A.In 1791.B.In 1840.C.In 1848.D.In 1867.31.In 193

16、1, by _ Canada was formally declared to be a sovereign nation and became a member of the Commonwealth of Nations.（分数：2.00）A.the Peace Treaty of 1919B.the Statute of WestminsterC.the Meek Lake AccordD.the Constitution Act of 198232.Who were the natives of Australia before the arrival of the British s

17、ettlers?（分数：2.00）A.The Aborigines.B.The Maoris.C.The Indians.D.The Eskimos.33.The head of state of Australia is _.（分数：2.00）A.the GovernorB.the PresidentC.the Prime MinisterD.the Queen of England34._ is the only city on the western coast of Australia with a population of over one million.（分数：2.00）A.P

18、erthB.SydneyC.BrisbaneD.Melboume35.Most Australians live on the cool, wet, forested _.（分数：2.00）A.southeast coastlandB.southwest coastlandC.northeast coastlandD.northwest coastland36.Australia ranks first in the world export of _.（分数：2.00）A.woolB.lumberC.mineralD.wheat37.Adelaide, the capital of Sout

19、h Australia, is internationally known for its _.（分数：2.00）A.wineB.beautiful sceneryC.valuable mineralsD.arts festival38.The two main parties in Australia are _.（分数：2.00）A.the Liberal Party and the conservative partyB.the Labor Party and the National PartyC.the Labor Party and the Liberal PartyD.the L

20、abor Party and the Conservative Party39.What is the other official language besides English in New Zealand?（分数：2.00）A.Maori.B.Indonesian.C.French.D.Chinese.40.Which of the following is the nickname of the Republic of Ireland?（分数：2.00）A.The Emerald Isle.B.The Diamond Isle.C.The Catholic Isle.D.The Tr

21、easure Isle.41.The population decreased from the 1840s until about 1970s, largely because of _.（分数：2.00）A.a low birth rateB.a high death rateC.a low employment rateD.a high emigration rate42.The population of Ireland is predominantly of _ origin.（分数：2.00）A.EnglishB.CelticC.NormanD.French43.The oldes

22、t university in Ireland is _.（分数：2.00）A.the National UniversityB.Dublin City UniversityC.the University of DublinD.Saint Patrick“s College44.Which of the following is the most influential of all Irish newspapers?（分数：2.00）A.The Irish Independent.B.The Irish Times.C.The Irish Press.D.The Sun.45.The ca

23、pital of Australia is（分数：2.00）A.Perth.B.Sydney.C.Melbourne.D.Canberra.46.The head of government of Canada is represented by（分数：2.00）A.the Queen.B.the Prime Minister.C.the Governor General.D.the Cabinet Minister.47.The colonists who first came and settled in Canada are from（分数：2.00）A.the U.K.B.Spain.

24、C.the U.S.A.D.France.48.The Irish Constitution was drawn up in _.（分数：2.00）A.1921B.1937C.1948D.194949.The most widespread religion in New Zealand is _.（分数：2.00）A.ChristianityB.TotemismC.BuddhismD.Hinduism50.During the Australian cultural history the growth of minority cultures was established by _.（分

25、数：2.00）A.migrationB.forceC.legislationD.representation专业八级-418 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1.In order to protect Western Europe from possible Soviet expansion, the United States decided to offer western European countries economic aid. This policy is called _.（分数：2.00）A.Truman DoctrineB.Marshall Plan

26、C.containment policyD.McCarthyism解析：解析 Marshall Plan(马歇尔计划)是专门针对西欧国家的经济援助政策，旨在抵制苏联对西欧的扩张。2.The U.S. Constitution provides that the _ shall be President of the Senate.（分数：2.00）A.Vice President B.Secretary of StateC.Senate Majority LeaderD.Senate Minority Leader解析：解析 参议院主席必须是副总统。3.A member of the Hous

27、e of Representatives and a member of the Senate serve respectively for _ and _ years.（分数：2.00）A.2; 4B.2; 6 C.4; 6D.4; 8解析：解析 美国国会众议院的议员任期 2年，参议院的议员任期 6年。4.What is the leading corn-producing state in the United States?（分数：2.00）A.Nebraska.B.Minnesota.C.Iowa. D.Indiana.解析：解析 美国的玉米产量占全世界的 50%，Iowa(衣阿华州)

28、是最大的玉米生产州。5._ is the largest single source of imports for the U.S.（分数：2.00）A.BrazilB.Canada C.BritainD.China解析：解析 美国是世界上最大的进口国，其进口总量占全世界进口总量的 13%。加拿大地广人稀，物产丰富，在地理位置上也占有相当大的优势，所以加拿大成为了美国最大的进口源。6.Formal education in the United States consists of _.（分数：2.00）A.kindergarten, junior and senior educationB.

29、junior, elementary and secondary educationC.elementary, secondary and higher education D.kindergarten, secondary and higher education解析：解析 美国的教育包括：小学教育(elementary education)、中学教育(secondary education)和高等教育(higher education)。7.In the United States, educational policies are determined by _.（分数：2.00）A.t

30、he federal governmentB.the state and board of trustees in some states C.local school districtD.board of trustees解析：解析 根据美国宪法第十条修正案，教育是保留给各州或人民的责任之一。所以，美国没有全国统一的教育体制，而是由各州政府或者是各地 board of trustees(教育理事会)为自己辖区内的学校制定政策。8.The dominant group in American life is _.（分数：2.00）A.the white Anglo-Saxon protesta

31、nts B.the white EuropeansC.the white British protestantsD.the white Anglo-Saxons解析：解析 美国社会生活的主流文化是 WASP文化，WASP 即 white Anglo-Saxon protestants。9.Slavery was totally abolished in the United States in _.（分数：2.00）A.1830B.1863C.1865 D.1965解析：解析 1863 年爆发南北战争，战争的焦点为是否要保存奴隶制度；1865 年，南方宣布失败，林肯总统批准解放奴隶宣言，奴隶制

32、度被彻底废除。10.Which of the following is not the major newspaper or magazine in the U. S.A.?（分数：2.00）A.Financial Times. B.Washington Post.C.New York Times.D.National Geography.解析：解析 Financial Times 是英国的金融时报； Washington Post 是美国的华盛顿邮报； New York Times 是美国的纽约时报； National Geography 是美国的国家地理杂志。11._ is conside

33、red as the United States“ unique contribution to music.（分数：2.00）A.Rock and rollB.Jazz C.Country musicD.Western music解析：解析 Jazz(爵士乐)是由黑奴田间劳歌发展起来的一种音乐形式，是唯一真正发源于美国的音乐。12.Which of the following is NOT a nickname of the United States?（分数：2.00）A.Uncle Sam.B.Big apple C.Melting pot.D.A Nation on the Wheel

34、.解析：解析 “山姆大叔”在 1961年被美国国会批准成为美国的形象象征。由于美国人民对汽车的过度依赖，美国也被称为“轮子上的国家”；美国人口的种族特征非常复杂，几乎所有的人种都能在美国找到自己的圈子，所以美国也被称为“大熔炉”；“Big Apple”是纽约的别称。13.The first English colony in America established in（分数：2.00）A.New JerseyB.New York.C.Jamestown D.Georgia.解析：解析 1607 年，英国在北美的詹姆士镇(Jamestown)建立了第一个永久性殖民地。14.The head o

35、f the executive branch of the U.S. Federal Government is _.（分数：2.00）A.the President of the U.S. B.the Vice President of the U.S.C.the Chief JusticeD.the Secretary of State解析：解析 美国联邦政府行政机构的最高领导人是总统。15._ has been called the “cradle of American liberty“.（分数：2.00）A.Philadelphia B.BostonC.PlymouthD.Chica

36、go解析：解析 费城之所以被称为“美国自由的摇篮”是因为著名的独立宣言( Declaration of Independence )诞生于此。16.The First Continental Congress was held in _.（分数：2.00）A.1773B.1774 C.1775D.1776解析：解析 英属北美各殖民地代表于 1774年 9月 5日应邀在费城开会，就殖民地目前的悲惨处境进行磋商，也就是第一次大陆会议。17.Washington D.C., capital of the United States, is named after（分数：2.00）A.George W

37、ashingtonB.Christopher Columbus.C.both of them D.neither of them.解析：解析 美国首都华盛顿的全名为“华盛顿哥伦比亚特区”，即 Washington D.C，其中的 D.C. 代表 District of Columbia，该城市是为了纪念美国第一任总统乔治华盛顿和发现美洲大陆的哥伦布而命名的。故答案为 C项。18.The second largest racial and ethnic group in the United States is（分数：2.00）A.the White.B.the Hispanics. C.Chi

38、nese.D.the Blacks.解析：解析 西裔(the Hispanics)，即操西班牙语的中南美洲移民后裔，是美国第二大种族。19.Martin Luther King, Jr. who delivered a famous speech named I Have a Dream was the leader of _ in U.S.A.（分数：2.00）A.Bus BoycottB.the Progressive MovementC.Civil Rights Movement D.the Westward Movement解析：解析 马丁路德金是著名的美国民权运动(Civil Rig

39、hts Movement)的领袖，1964 年获得诺贝尔和平奖。20.The American government is divided into three branches: the legislative, the executive and the judicial. They are represented by _, _ and _ respectively.（分数：2.00）A.the Supreme Court, the Congress, the PresidencyB.the Congress, the Supreme Court, the PresidencyC.the

40、 Congress, the Presidency, the Supreme Court D.the Presidency, the Congress, the Supreme Court解析：解析 美国政府实行三权分立，其立法、行政和司法权分别由国会、总统和最高法院掌管。21.The two main parties of New Zealand are _.（分数：2.00）A.the National Party and the Labor Party B.the Liberal Party and the Labor PartyC.the National Party and the

41、Liberal PartyD.the Labor Party and the Democrats解析：解析 新西兰的两大主要政党是 the National Party(国家党)和 the Labor Party(工党)。22.The Australian federation has a _ system of government.（分数：2.00）A.two-tierB.three-tier C.four-tierD.five-tier解析：解析 澳大利亚政府体系分三层联邦政府，州政府和地方政府。23.In Ireland, _ has full original jurisdictio

42、n and power in all matters of law.（分数：2.00）A.the High Court B.the Supreme CourtC.the Court of AppealD.the Crown Court解析：解析 在爱尔兰，高级法院(the High Court)拥有对任何法律案件的初审管辖权。24.The most populous city in New Zealand is _.（分数：2.00）A.WellingtonB.Auckland C.ChristchurchD.Dunedin解析：解析 新西兰人口最多的国家是 Auckland(奥克兰)。Wel

43、lington(惠灵顿)是首都。25.The term “multiculturalism“ was coined in _.（分数：2.00）A.the United StatesB.AustraliaC.BritainD.Canada 解析：解析 multiculturalism 指的是多元文化主义。1971 年，加拿大成为全球第一个将多元文化主义(multiculturalism)作为官方政策的国家。26.The Mississippi River used to be under the control of _.（分数：2.00）A.FranceB.BritainC.Spain D.

44、Portugal解析：解析 17 世纪，法国将密西西比河及其以西的全部土地割让给了西班牙统治。27.The largest city in Canada is _.（分数：2.00）A.Toronto B.MontrealC.VancouverD.Quebec City解析：解析 加拿大最大的城市是 Toronto(多伦多)，Montreal(蒙特利尔)是第二大城市，其次是Vancouver(温哥华)，首都 Ottawa(渥太华)是第四大城市。28._ is theoretically the source of executive power in Canada.（分数：2.00）A.Que

45、en Elizabeth B.The Governor-General C.The PresidentD.The Prime Minister解析：解析 在加拿大各省的议会内阁制下，实权掌握在各省的总理手中，总督只是理论上或名义上的行政首脑，他由英国女王任命。29.English is the language most commonly spoken throughout Canada, except for the province of _.（分数：2.00）A.Quebec B.Nova ScotiaC.New BrunswickD.Alberta解析：解析 魁北克省百分之八十是法裔居

46、民，省内的第一语言是法语，法语也因此成为魁北克的官方语言。30.When was Canada given internal self-government?（分数：2.00）A.In 1791.B.In 1840.C.In 1848. D.In 1867.解析：解析 1840 年，上加拿大和下加拿大一起通过 Act of Union (联合法案)，加拿大再次实现统一。1848 年，加拿大建立了自治政府。31.In 1931, by _ Canada was formally declared to be a sovereign nation and became a member of th

47、e Commonwealth of Nations.（分数：2.00）A.the Peace Treaty of 1919B.the Statute of Westminster C.the Meek Lake AccordD.the Constitution Act of 1982解析：解析 英国于 1931年颁布 the Statute of Westminster 威斯敏斯特条例规定，不列颠与加拿大等英帝国在自治权上互相平等。加拿大由此正式成为独立和主权国家。32.Who were the natives of Australia before the arrival of the Br

48、itish settlers?（分数：2.00）A.The Aborigines. B.The Maoris.C.The Indians.D.The Eskimos.解析：解析 The Aborigines 为澳大利亚土著居民。33.The head of state of Australia is _.（分数：2.00）A.the GovernorB.the PresidentC.the Prime MinisterD.the Queen of England 解析：解析 澳大利亚属英联邦国家，国家元首是英国女王伊丽莎白二世。34._ is the only city on the western coast of Australia with a population of over one million.（分数：2.00）A.Perth B.SydneyC.BrisbaneD.Melboume解析：解析 澳大利亚有 5座城市人口在百万以上，其他位