专业八级-416及答案解析.doc

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1、专业八级-416 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1.In the 19th century, the British Empire ruled _ of the world“s people and occupied_ of the world“s land area.（分数：2.00）A.1/6, 1/6B.1/5, 1/5C.1/4, 1/4D.1/3, 1/32.It was under _ that the feudal system in England was completely established.（分数：2.00）A.HaroldB.William

2、C.HenryD.Edward3.The Pilgrims sailed to the New World in a ship called Mayflower in _.（分数：2.00）A.1607B.1615C.1620D.16334.The Canadian federal state was established in _.（分数：2.00）A.1857B.1861C.1867D.18715.The first English colony in America was founded in _.（分数：2.00）A.1593B.1607C.1618D.16206._ were t

3、he Teutonic tribe that came to Britain first.（分数：2.00）A.The CeltsB.The JutesC.The AnglesD.The Saxons7.Which of the following statements is NOT among the causes of the hundred years“ war between England and France?（分数：2.00）A.The French king wanted to take back the territory occupied by England.B.Both

4、 English and French kings wanted to control the Flemish cloth manufacturing towns.C.England wanted to stop France from giving aid to the Scots.D.The English refused to recognize Edward as their king.8.The destruction of the _ in 1588 showed England“s superiority as a naval power under Elizabeth I“s

5、reign.（分数：2.00）A.French FleetB.Spanish ArmadaC.Danish VikingsD.Portuguese Navy9.The three great Germanic tribes: the Anglos, the _ and the Jutes, which invaded Britain, form the basis of the modem British people.（分数：2.00）A.SaxonsB.ScotsC.WelshD.Essex10.Because of the _ in 1066, a lot of French words

6、 entered into the English vocabulary.（分数：2.00）A.Norman ConquestB.CrusadesC.Invasion of the VikingsD.Wars of the Roses11.The Wars of Roses are fought between _.（分数：2.00）A.France and BritainB.England and ScotlandC.England and WalesD.two branches of the English royal family12.In Britain, the ultimate a

7、uthority for law-making resides in _.（分数：2.00）A.the House of LordsB.the House of CommonsC.the QueenD.the Prince of Wales13.The Commonwealth of Nations is an association of independent countries _.（分数：2.00）A.that were once colonies of BritainB.that have a large number of British immigrantsC.that have

8、 close relations with BritainD.that have fought on the side of Britain in the two world wars14.Prime Minister is not _.（分数：2.00）A.appointed by the queenB.the minister for the civil serviceC.a member of the House of CommonsD.elected every four years15.In the United Kingdom, _ is the real source of po

9、wer.（分数：2.00）A.the Privy CouncilB.the MonarchC.the House of LordsD.the House of Commons16.The Times is a _ newspaper in Britain.（分数：2.00）A.quality dailyB.popular dailyC.quality SundayD.mid-market daily17.The second longest but most important river of the U.K. is _.（分数：2.00）A.Severn RiverB.Rein River

10、C.Thames RiverD.Colorado River18.Cardiff is the capital of _.（分数：2.00）A.EnglandB.ScotlandC.WalesD.Northern Ireland19._, though not the highest peak, was the “backbone of England“.（分数：2.00）A.The Pennine ChainB.The Ben NevisC.The Rocky MountainsD.The Alps20.The “land of song“ refers to _.（分数：2.00）A.Ir

11、elandB.WalesC.ScotlandD.England21.The English Channel separates the island of Great Britain from _.（分数：2.00）A.DenmarkB.BelgiumC.FranceD.the Netherlands22.The _ of London is famous as centers for drama and music and is also a commercial center.（分数：2.00）A.City of LondonB.Greater LondonC.West endD.East

12、 end23.In England no females were allowed to vote in national elections before _.（分数：2.00）A.1918B.1920C.1928D.194524.The Great Charter (Magna Charter) was signed by _ in 1215.（分数：2.00）A.King Henry B.King JohnC.King WilliamD.King Richard25.The metropolitan police force of London is under the direct c

13、ontrol of _.（分数：2.00）A.the Prime MinisterB.the Defense MinisterC.the Home SecretaryD.the Queen26._ generates about two thirds of the Gross Domestic Product in Britain.（分数：2.00）A.Textile IndustryB.TourismC.Auto-making IndustryD.Service Industry27.Under Margaret Thatcher Britain experienced _.（分数：2.00

14、）A.economic recessionB.economic expansionC.economic declineD.economic depression28.The area between _ and _ is now of ten referred to as the “Silicon Glen“.（分数：2.00）A.London, South WalesB.the Oxford, the CambridgeC.London, the CambridgeD.Glasgow, Edinburgh29.Which of the following is NOT a chief cro

15、p in Britain?（分数：2.00）A.Wheat.B.Barley.C.Oats.D.Rice.30.Public schools of British secondary education are funded by _.（分数：2.00）A.the stateB.the charityC.the privateD.the community31._ declared himself Supreme Head of the Church of England in 1535.（分数：2.00）A.Henry B.Henry C.Henry D.Edward 32.The pres

16、ent established church in Scotland is _.（分数：2.00）A.the Presbyterian ChurchB.the Catholic ChurchC.the Druidism ChurchD.the Roman Church33.The Church of England is linked with the state through _.（分数：2.00）A.the House of LordsB.the House of CommonsC.the Prime MinisterD.the Lord Chancellor34.Nowadays th

17、e Gaelic language, which is an ancient _, is still heard in the Highlands and the Western Isles.（分数：2.00）A.Scottish languageB.English languageC.Irish languageD.Celtic language35.Prescription charges do not apply to the following people except _.（分数：2.00）A.self-employed peopleB.children under 16C.war

18、 and armed forces disablement pensionersD.women aged 60 and over and men aged 65 and over36.The American population movement between the end of the civil war and 1880 had much to do with _.（分数：2.00）A.the westward movementB.the urbanizationC.the industrializationD.the development of hi-tech industrie

19、s37.The Income Tax was adopted in President Wilson“s program of _.（分数：2.00）A.New FreedomB.New DealC.New RadicalismD.New Conservatism38._ drafted The Declaration of Independence .（分数：2.00）A.George WashingtonB.Alexander HamiltonC.Thomas JeffersonD.John Adams39.The American Civil War lasted from _ to _

20、.（分数：2.00）A.1858, 1861B.1861, 1863C.1861, 1865D.1863, 186740.Elementary and secondary education in the U.S. covers _ years.（分数：2.00）A.9B.11C.12D.1441.Higher education in the U.S. began with the founding of _ in 1636.（分数：2.00）A.Harvard UniversityB.Harvard CollegeC.William and Mary CollegeD.Stanford U

21、niversity42.The Marshall Plan offered economic aid to _.（分数：2.00）A.European countriesB.Western European CountriesC.Eastern European countriesD.European countries except the Soviet Union43._ is of ten called the “backbone of North America“, extending from the Northwest to the Southeast of American la

22、nd.（分数：2.00）A.The Appalachian MountainsB.The Rocky MountainsC.The Cordillera RangeD.The Cascade Range44._ was the last continental state added to the Union.（分数：2.00）A.PennsylvaniaB.AlaskaC.ArizonaD.Texas45.The very famous movie-making centerHollywood is located in _.（分数：2.00）A.New York StateB.Califo

23、rniaC.FloridaD.Nevada46.Which of the following is NOT a New England state?（分数：2.00）A.Connecticut.B.New York State.C.New Hampshire.D.Vermont.47.Which of the following US presidents held the longest presidential term in American history?（分数：2.00）A.Abraham Lincoln.B.Franklin Roosevelt.C.George Washingt

24、on.D.Thomas Jefferson.48._, signed in 1783, recognized the independence of the United States.（分数：2.00）A.The Treaty of ParisB.Westminster StatuteC.British North America ActD.The Act of Union49.The first ten amendments, known as _, were added to the Constitution in 1791.（分数：2.00）A.the Bill of RightsB.

25、the Articles of ConfederationC.Civil RightsD.the Confederation Act50.The policy the United States actually pursued in the first two years of WWI was _.（分数：2.00）A.impartial neutralityB.partial neutralityC.firm support of the AlliesD.Pro-Ally partial neutrality专业八级-416 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1.In t

26、he 19th century, the British Empire ruled _ of the world“s people and occupied_ of the world“s land area.（分数：2.00）A.1/6, 1/6B.1/5, 1/5C.1/4, 1/4 D.1/3, 1/3解析：解析 19 世纪的大英帝国步入了鼎盛时期，当时，全世界大约四分之一的人口都是大英帝国的子民，其领土面积则有约 3,000万平方公里，是世界陆地总面积的 20%。2.It was under _ that the feudal system in England was complet

27、ely established.（分数：2.00）A.HaroldB.William C.HenryD.Edward解析：解析 英国封建化进程发端于盎格鲁-撒克逊人的统治，诺曼封建因素是促进英国封建化进程的关键。11 世纪，在 William the Conqueror的统治下，英国最终建立起封建制度。3.The Pilgrims sailed to the New World in a ship called Mayflower in _.（分数：2.00）A.1607B.1615C.1620 D.1633解析：解析 五月花号(Mayflower)是 1620年英国移民驶往北美的第一艘船只。

28、五月花号以运载一批分离派清教徒到北美建立普利茅斯殖民地和在该船上制定五月花号公约而闻名。4.The Canadian federal state was established in _.（分数：2.00）A.1857B.1861C.1867 D.1871解析：解析 英属北美条约通过之后，英国政府在 1867年 7月 1日建立了加拿大联邦，并允许其自治，由英裔和法裔殖民者共同统治。5.The first English colony in America was founded in _.（分数：2.00）A.1593B.1607 C.1618D.1620解析：解析 1607 年，英国有 3艘

29、船只行驶到北美，殖民者在弗吉尼亚亨利角登陆，并定居下来。1607年 4月 26日，英国在北美建立了第一个殖民地弗吉尼亚。6._ were the Teutonic tribe that came to Britain first.（分数：2.00）A.The Celts B.The JutesC.The AnglesD.The Saxons解析：解析 来到英国的第一支日耳曼部族是 The Celts。7.Which of the following statements is NOT among the causes of the hundred years“ war between Engl

30、and and France?（分数：2.00）A.The French king wanted to take back the territory occupied by England.B.Both English and French kings wanted to control the Flemish cloth manufacturing towns.C.England wanted to stop France from giving aid to the Scots.D.The English refused to recognize Edward as their king

31、. 解析：解析 百年战争爆发的原因有四：其一，王位继承问题；其二，法国对苏格兰的支持；其三，对与英国经济联系密切的弗兰德尔(英国的羊毛是弗兰德尔毛纺织业的主要原料)的争夺；其四，对英王在法国的残余领地的争夺。8.The destruction of the _ in 1588 showed England“s superiority as a naval power under Elizabeth I“s reign.（分数：2.00）A.French FleetB.Spanish Armada C.Danish VikingsD.Portuguese Navy解析：解析 1588 年，在伊丽

32、莎白一世统治时期，英国打败西班牙无敌舰队(Invincible Armada)，开始建立起海上霸权。9.The three great Germanic tribes: the Anglos, the _ and the Jutes, which invaded Britain, form the basis of the modem British people.（分数：2.00）A.Saxons B.ScotsC.WelshD.Essex解析：解析 公元 450年，来自欧洲大陆的三个日耳曼族群(the Anglos, the Saxons and the Jutes)入侵并占领不列颠岛，赶

33、走 Celts，命名这片土地为 the land of Angles，他们的语言就是 Angles language，后来发展成为今天的 English。故选 A。10.Because of the _ in 1066, a lot of French words entered into the English vocabulary.（分数：2.00）A.Norman Conquest B.CrusadesC.Invasion of the VikingsD.Wars of the Roses解析：解析 1066 年，法国诺曼底公爵入侵不列颠岛，成功地控制了英国，成为威廉一世，自此之后，法语

34、取代了英语，成为了政府和贵族的语言而英语则成为了下层人民的语言。故选 A。11.The Wars of Roses are fought between _.（分数：2.00）A.France and BritainB.England and ScotlandC.England and WalesD.two branches of the English royal family 解析：解析 玫瑰战争是一场争夺王位的王室内战。交战的双方是爱德华三世的子孙。故选 D。12.In Britain, the ultimate authority for law-making resides in _

35、.（分数：2.00）A.the House of LordsB.the House of Commons C.the QueenD.the Prince of Wales解析：解析 在英国，国会下院的职权主要是立法、财政和监督政府这三种权力。立法权是指有制定、修改和废除法律之权。国会下院拥有最高立法权。13.The Commonwealth of Nations is an association of independent countries _.（分数：2.00）A.that were once colonies of Britain B.that have a large number

36、 of British immigrantsC.that have close relations with BritainD.that have fought on the side of Britain in the two world wars解析：解析 英联邦(Commonwealth of Nations)是一个以英国为主导的国家联合体，由 53个主权国家(含属地)所组成，成员大多为前大英帝国的殖民地(colony)或附属国。故选 A。14.Prime Minister is not _.（分数：2.00）A.appointed by the queenB.the minister

37、for the civil serviceC.a member of the House of CommonsD.elected every four years 解析：解析 一般情况下，执政党的首领会自动成为首相人选，人选经国王或女王任命后正式成为首相。所以首相这个职位没有期限。15.In the United Kingdom, _ is the real source of power.（分数：2.00）A.the Privy CouncilB.the MonarchC.the House of LordsD.the House of Commons 解析：解析 枢密院(Privy Cou

38、ncil)是国王的私人顾问机关，代表王权的最高行政机关，但无实际权力。英国议会由国王、上议院和下议院组成，国王只有形式上的权力，而下议院拥有最终的立法权。因此，在现代英国，下议院才是真正的权力机关。16.The Times is a _ newspaper in Britain.（分数：2.00）A.quality daily B.popular dailyC.quality SundayD.mid-market daily解析：解析 英国的泰晤士报(The Times)是一份每日发行的高级报纸(quality daily)，是一张对全世界政治、经济、文化有着巨大影响的报纸。17.The se

39、cond longest but most important river of the U.K. is _.（分数：2.00）A.Severn RiverB.Rein RiverC.Thames River D.Colorado River解析：解析 泰晤士河，英国第二大河流，也是最重要的水路，又是英国的母亲河。赛文河(Severn River)是英国最长的河流。故选 C18.Cardiff is the capital of _.（分数：2.00）A.EnglandB.ScotlandC.Wales D.Northern Ireland解析：解析 加的夫(Cardiff)，英国威尔士地区首

40、府，是威尔士最大的城市。英格兰首府是伦敦。苏格兰首府为爱丁堡(Edingburg)。北爱尔兰首府是贝尔法斯特(Belfast)。故选 C。19._, though not the highest peak, was the “backbone of England“.（分数：2.00）A.The Pennine Chain B.The Ben NevisC.The Rocky MountainsD.The Alps解析：解析 The Pennine Chain(奔宁山脉)是英国的脊梁。Ben Nevis 是英国最高峰。The Rocky Mountains(落基山脉)位于北美。The Alps

41、(阿尔卑斯山脉)位于欧洲中南部。20.The “land of song“ refers to _.（分数：2.00）A.IrelandB.Wales C.ScotlandD.England解析：解析 威尔士素有“歌曲之乡”(Land of Song)的美誉，造就出许许多多的音乐人才和优良的音乐传统。每年威尔士都会举行国际音乐和诗歌艺术节。故选 B。21.The English Channel separates the island of Great Britain from _.（分数：2.00）A.DenmarkB.BelgiumC.France D.the Netherlands解析：

42、解析 英吉利海峡(English Channel)把英国与欧洲大陆的法国分隔开来，并连接大西洋与北海。故选 C。22.The _ of London is famous as centers for drama and music and is also a commercial center.（分数：2.00）A.City of LondonB.Greater LondonC.West end D.East end解析：解析 伦敦西区拥有许多有名的剧场，是伦敦著名的戏剧和音乐中心。此外，伦敦西区还是英国政府的所在地、繁华的商业区、文化区和富人聚居地，也被看作是伦敦的贸易中心。故选 C。23.

43、In England no females were allowed to vote in national elections before _.（分数：2.00）A.1918 B.1920C.1928D.1945解析：解析 英国女性选举权是经过两个步骤才得以完全实现的：第一，在 1918年，30 岁以上女性获得选举权；第二，到 1928年女性才最终获得同男子同等的选举权。24.The Great Charter (Magna Charter) was signed by _ in 1215.（分数：2.00）A.King Henry B.King John C.King WilliamD.

44、King Richard解析：解析 英国的大宪章是 1215年亨利二世国王的儿子 King John在贵族和教士们的压力下签署的重要政治法律文件。25.The metropolitan police force of London is under the direct control of _.（分数：2.00）A.the Prime MinisterB.the Defense MinisterC.the Home Secretary D.the Queen解析：解析 整个英国的警力都由内政大臣(the Home Secretary)掌控；其中，伦敦的警力直接由内政大臣调动。26._ gen

45、erates about two thirds of the Gross Domestic Product in Britain.（分数：2.00）A.Textile IndustryB.TourismC.Auto-making IndustryD.Service Industry 解析：解析 英国的服务业(service trade)，特别是银行、保险和商务服务，占国内生产总值的最大比例，为三分之二。27.Under Margaret Thatcher Britain experienced _.（分数：2.00）A.economic recessionB.economic expansio

46、n C.economic declineD.economic depression解析：解析 撒切尔政府在英国推行的政策包括私有化、去监管化、减税、取消汇率管制、打击工会力量以及颂扬财富创造而非财富再分配。所以在这些政策之下，英国经济发展迅速。28.The area between _ and _ is now of ten referred to as the “Silicon Glen“.（分数：2.00）A.London, South WalesB.the Oxford, the CambridgeC.London, the CambridgeD.Glasgow, Edinburgh 解

47、析：解析 英国的“硅谷”(Silicon Glen)指的是英国苏格兰高科技区，位于英国苏格兰中部地区，包括格拉斯哥、爱丁堡、史特灵、利维斯顿、邓迪等地。29.Which of the following is NOT a chief crop in Britain?（分数：2.00）A.Wheat.B.Barley.C.Oats.D.Rice. 解析：解析 英国的主要农作物包括小麦(wheat)、大麦(barley)、燕麦(oats)、甜菜(beet)和土豆。大米不是英国主要农作物。30.Public schools of British secondary education are fun

48、ded by _.（分数：2.00）A.the stateB.the charityC.the private D.the community解析：解析 英国的中等教育学校主要包括 state school和 public school几种，前者属于国家资助的公立学校，后者虽名为公学，实为私立学校。31._ declared himself Supreme Head of the Church of England in 1535.（分数：2.00）A.Henry B.Henry C.Henry D.Edward 解析：解析 亨利八世混乱的私生活引起了罗马教会的强烈不满，尤其是当他要求教皇批准离婚后，双方之间的冲突更加激烈。1535 年，亨利八世不堪忍受教皇的限制，宣布英国脱离罗马教会，认定英格兰教会为英国的国教，并宣布自己为教会的首领。32.The present