专业八级-250及答案解析.doc

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1、专业八级-250 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、LISTENING COMPREHENS(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A MINI-LECTU(总题数：1，分数：60.00)UK Newspapers. Brief introduction many 1 newspapers no national 2 titles being divided into three groups: mass market newspaper, middle market newspaper, quality broadsheets . Several parti

2、cular aspects about UK Newspapers A. Size The Independent, The Times producing 3 edition The Guardian, The Observer switching to “Berliner“ The Daily Telegraph, The Sunday Telegraph , and most parts of Th Sunday Times being in 4 size B. 5 The Sun being Conservative, The Daily Mirror being 6 C. The m

3、iddle-market newspaper particular readership 7 women a cheap 8 for magazine 9 aiming at the husband being most popular for being irony D. The quality papers being most famous to readers 10 E. The free 11 appearing recently F. One of the ways forward: 12 . The development of Newspaper Company in diff

4、erent ways new sizes and 13 held to arrest the decline in sales declined sales but increased 14 of news companies owning their own content 1)the best way to consume the content being on small sheets 2)most companies having their own 15 （分数：60.00）填空项 1:_三、SECTION B INTERVIEW(总题数：2，分数：40.00)（分数：20.00）

5、A.How to change your annoying co-workers.B.How to unhook yourself.C.How to handle conflicts between co-workers.D.How to deal with the annoying co-workers.A.To stop complaining.B.To take action.C.The way to change others.D.Forming a correct understanding.A.Changing your working place.B.Changing your

6、own reaction.C.Trying to change them.D.Trying to tolerate them.A.Cooling yourself down plus good communication.B.Deep breathing plus sending e-mail.C.Physical exercise plus documentation.D.Accusation plus taking action.A.Personal space invaders.B.Noisy co-workers.C.Those wasting your time.D.Those fi

7、ghting with you.（分数：20.00）A.Your temper.B.The way of communication.C.The road that you take.D.The tactics that you take.A.Because they nag you all the time.B.Because they play a double game with you.C.Because they hurt you emotionally.D.Because they do harm to your body.A.Trying to find out what the

8、y said about you.B.Treating other co-workers well.C.Giving a good impression on others.D.Catching them on the spot.A.To carry out your own PR campaign.B.To flatter your colleagues.C.To detect the back-stabbing.D.To be yourself.A.How bad the co-workers are.B.How much you can bear annoying people.C.Ho

9、w many annoying workers there are.D.How much you can change yourself.专业八级-250 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、LISTENING COMPREHENS(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A MINI-LECTU(总题数：1，分数：60.00)UK Newspapers. Brief introduction many 1 newspapers no national 2 titles being divided into three groups: mass market new

10、spaper, middle market newspaper, quality broadsheets . Several particular aspects about UK Newspapers A. Size The Independent, The Times producing 3 edition The Guardian, The Observer switching to “Berliner“ The Daily Telegraph, The Sunday Telegraph , and most parts of Th Sunday Times being in 4 siz

11、e B. 5 The Sun being Conservative, The Daily Mirror being 6 C. The middle-market newspaper particular readership 7 women a cheap 8 for magazine 9 aiming at the husband being most popular for being irony D. The quality papers being most famous to readers 10 E. The free 11 appearing recently F. One of

12、 the ways forward: 12 . The development of Newspaper Company in different ways new sizes and 13 held to arrest the decline in sales declined sales but increased 14 of news companies owning their own content 1)the best way to consume the content being on small sheets 2)most companies having their own

13、 15 （分数：60.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：ational）解析： national 听力原文 UK NewspapersLast time we talked about the newspaper in the USA, and this time we shall focus on that of the UK. Because of the small geographical area of the UK, and the good travel infrastructure, there are many national newspapersunlike the Un

14、ited States, where most newspapers are printed and published locally. Unlike France, the main national papers are morning newspapers; indeed, there are no national evening titles. UK newspapers are generally grouped into three, mass market newspaper in small size, or red-tops such as The Sun , middl

15、e-market newspaper in small size such as The Daily Mail , and quality broadsheets such as The Times . Unlike other European countries, there are no daily all-sport newspapers. I will talk about them from the following several aspects: First, it“s size that matters. In October 2003, quality broadshee

16、t The Independent began producing what it preferred to call a compact edition small-sizedalong with the main broadsheet sized newspaper. This had a stunning effect on circulationsales went up by 20% year-on-yearand The Times followed suit launching its own compact edition. Both newspapers are now ex

17、clusively available in compact form. The Guardian , which denounced the original shift to compact before planning and then junking its own compact format, switched in September 2005 to a mid-size format between newspaper in small size and broadsheet, known as the “Berliner“. This is roughly the same

18、 width as a newspaper in small size (thus easy to open using public transport), but taller, and therefore giving more flexibility in page design. Its sister paper The Observer also followed suit in January 2006. The Daily Telegraph is the only remaining weekday broadsheet. It apparently gained from

19、The Times when the latter switched to newspaper in small size, and sees the broadsheet size as being a differentiatorsome advertising has claimed that Telegraph readers have a “broader view“. The Sunday Telegraph and most sections of The Sunday Times are also in broadsheet size. The second aspect is

20、 the political leanings in some papers. The two most-popular newspapers are The Sun and The Daily Mirror. Bitter rivals, the papers traditionally hold very differing political views. The Sun being Conservative since the early 1970s, while The Mirror being Labor. The Sun veered towards Tony Blair“s L

21、abor Party six weeks before his victory in 1997, and has supported Labor in subsequent general elections in 2001 and 2005. However, recently the paper has been more critical of Gordon Brown, and more supportive of the leader of the opposition, David Cameron. Third, the middle-market newspaper in sma

22、ll sizes, The Daily Mail and The Daily Express are concerned with a very different readershipthat of affluent women. Weekend supplements and carefully-placed sponsorship ensure that these titles are a cheap alternative to a magazine, while sports supplements aimed at the husband aim to broaden their

23、 readership. The Daily Mail has a reliable right-wing agenda, and is mocked by some for their over alarmist headlines, particularly about political asylum seekers, house prices and “things that give you cancer“ in 2009, The Daily Mail claimed in the same month that coffee would “give you cancer“, as

24、 well as “cure you from cancer“ in different stories. However, its formula, said by former owner Lord Northcliffe to give his readers a “daily hate“, has made The Daily Mail one of the most popular newspapers in the UK. Fourth, the quality papersthe “broadsheets“, though not that size anymore, are p

25、robably the most famous to readers overseas. The Times, the UK“s oldest national newspaper, is not the most popularthat accolade falls to The Daily Telegraph , known affectionately as The Daily Torygraph because of the staunch support to the Conservative Party. The Independent, The Guardian and the

26、financial newspaper The Financial Times make up the rest of the so-called quality papers. It“s important to notice, though, that the mass-market newspaper in small size sell up to four times as many copies as the broadsheetsand if you“re looking in vain for The London Times , such a newspaper title

27、has never, in fact, existed The Times has always been a national newspaper. The Guardian, once based in Manchester, was known as The Manchester Guardian until the sixties. Fifth, a relatively recent phenomenon in the newspaper industry has been the free morning papers. Free weekly papers are fairly

28、common, supported by advertising and carrying little in the way of editorial. But now, with the launch of Associate“s “Metro“ and similar titles in many metropolitan areas, these newspapers thrive on public transport and in busy cities. Sixth, consolidation seems one of the ways forward. The Times a

29、nd The Sun“s parent company also owns Sky television, the UK“s satellite television service. The Guardian group now owns the Smooth FM and Real Radio stations, as well as probably the biggest Internet presence for a newspaper. On a local scale, the Kent Messenger group also owns the local KM fm radi

30、o stations in many areas of Kent, and aggressively cross-promotes them. New sizes and formats were held to arrest the decline of newspaper buying. In June 2004, newspaper sales were declining year-by-year by 4.7% the only increases worldwide, in fact, coming in developing countries. However, reducti

31、ons in size for some of the newspapers meant a temporary increase in circulation. And, while newspaper sales have been slowly declining, consumption of news can be claimed to have vastly increased: whether from the Internet, or one of the many non-stop news channels available to UK viewers. Newspape

32、r companies own their content. The best way of consumption of this content at present is on small sheets of dead, pulped, reformed, wood. It requires no recharging; losing a newspaper is not a major problem; and delivery and availability is easy. However, all national papers now have their own websi

33、tes; some are shifting classified advertising away from the printed paper. Content is a useful commodityand the way this is presented in the future may well change. The cleverest newspapers will adapt to use their content in different ways. Thank you for attending the lecture. If you have interests

34、in other topics, please tell me now and we will talk about it next time. 考点 本题考查重要细节。 根据听力原文可知，由于英国国土面积较小，加之完善的旅游设施，因此有很多国家性的报纸，这与美国的大多数报纸在本地内印刷出版有很大不同，所以填 national。 解析： evening 考点 本题设题点在对比处。 根据听力原文可知，英国是没有晚报的，故答案为 evening。 解析： compact 考点 本题考查重要细节。 根据听力原文可知，报纸版面的大小也很关键，从 2003年 10月起，独立报开始出版压缩版报纸，故答案为

35、 compact。 解析： broadsheet 考点 本题考查重要细节。 根据听力原文可知，周日电讯报和周日时代报的大部分板块仍然保持大版面的形式，故答案为broadsheet。 解析： Political leanings 考点 本题考点设在分论点处。 根据听力原文可知，关于英国报纸的第二个方面是其政治倾向，所以填 Political leanings，此外注意首字母须大写。 解析： Labor 考点 本题设题点在对比处。 根据听力原文可知，不同报纸有不同的政治倾向，镜报倾向于工党，故答案为 Labor，注意首字母大写。 解析： affluent 考点 本题考查重要细节。 根据听力原文可知

36、，有些中端市场的文摘，如每日邮报和每日快报，它们的读者群体主要是比较富裕的女性，故答案为 affluent。 解析： substitute/alternative 考点 本题考查重要细节。 根据听力原文可知，周末刊物和精心的赞助确保了这些报纸是较为便宜的杂志替代品，所以填substitute/alternative。 解析： sports supplements 考点 本题考查重要细节。 根据听力原文可知，针对男性的体育报纸旨在为了扩大读者群，所以填 sports supplements。 解析： overseas 考点 本题考查重要细节。 根据听力原文可知，高质量的报纸是最受海外读者欢迎的，

37、故答案为 overseas。 解析： morning papers 考点 本题考查重要细节。 根据听力原文可知，最近报业出现了免费早报，故答案为 morning papers，注意用复数。 解析： consolidation 考点 本题考查重要细节。 根据听力原文可知，联合是发展趋势之一，故答案为 consolidation。 解析： formats 考点 本题考查重要细节。 根据听力原文可知，设计不同尺寸和版式的报纸主要是为了抑制日益减少的报纸销量，所以填 formats。 解析： consumption 考点 本题设题点在转折处。 根据听力原文可知，报纸的销售量下降了，但是人们对新闻的“消

38、费”量却增长了，故答案为consumption。 解析： websites 考点 本题设题点在转折处。 根据听力原文可知，所有的国家级报纸都有自己的网站，故答案为 websites。 三、SECTION B INTERVIEW(总题数：2，分数：40.00)（分数：20.00）A.How to change your annoying co-workers.B.How to unhook yourself.C.How to handle conflicts between co-workers.D.How to deal with the annoying co-workers. 解析：听力原

39、文 M: If you would like to know how to deal with the aggravating people who make you dread of going into the office, Katherine Crowley, the writer of a book called Working with You Is Killing Me: Freeing Yourself from Emotional Traps at Work will tell you the answer. She joins us now. Good to have yo

40、u with us. W: Good morning. M: What surprised me when I read this book is you say “Quit complaining, do something“. You say the best thing to do is to change yourself because you are not going to change the other person. W: That“s right. What I found in working with many thousands of people over the

41、 last 20 years is that it“s futile to try and change another person. So, the best thing you can do is begin by changing your internal reaction and then we give you very concrete tools for how to change your experience. M: What“s this business about unhooking yourself? W: Well, we give you this proce

42、ss. It“s actually four steps and the first two steps are to cool down your system. Because as we all know, when those co-workers really annoy you, you immediately get upset. So the first two steps are deep breathing or doing some sort of physical exercise if you can run out of the building and walk

43、around the block. M: Yeah. You say you spend a lot of time talking people off the ledge, which is essentially calming them down. But once you“ve done that and that seems very intuitive, then what do we do? W: Well, the next two steps would be taking action. To unhook verbally as what we say, you sho

44、uld find something to move the situation forward and take the high road not accusatory but a win-win kind of communication, and then you look for a business tool whether it“s documentation of some kind or sending out an e-mail or referring to a job description. M: Okay, but doesn“t it seem a little

45、defeatist to say you have to change yourself? Is it really “me“ that has to change as supposed to the other person? W: Well, have you ever changed anybody? No, you can“t. You can“t change somebody. But if you can change your reaction to them, you“ll have a much better love-work life. M: Yeah, but th

46、ey are still going to be annoying, aren“t they? W: That“s right. They are not going to change, so in part of the book we explain to you how to detach and stop taking it personally. M: Alright. You spend a lot of time telling me about types of co-workers. So what is the most common annoying type of c

47、o-workers? W: The most common annoying type of co-workers are called “boundary-busters“. So, whether it“s someone who invades your space, makes too much noise, eats up your time, chews your ear off. Those are boundary-busters. What does this part of the interview focus on? 本题设题点在开篇处。根据听力原文可知，此部分访谈主要

48、讨论的是如何与烦人的同事相处，因此 D为正确答案。选项 A和 C在原文并未提及，故排除；选项 B只是此次访谈讨论的问题的一方面，所以也排除。A.To stop complaining.B.To take action.C.The way to change others. D.Forming a correct understanding.解析：听力原文 What is NOT mentioned in Katherine“s book? 本题考查重要细节。根据听力原文可知，凯瑟琳的书中提到“不要抱怨，采取行动”，所以排除 A和 B；根据听力原文可知，烦人的同事是不会改变的，书中解释了如何对自

49、己有正确的认识并不再把这个问题归咎于自己，而不是改变他人的方法，因此 C为正确答案。A.Changing your working place.B.Changing your own reaction. C.Trying to change them.D.Trying to tolerate them.解析：听力原文 Which of the following is the best way to deal with the annoying co-workers? 本题设题点在方法途径处。根据听力原文可知，处理有关恼人同事问题的最好方法是设法改变自己的内心反应，而不是试图改变对方，因为这是徒劳的。因此 B为正确答案。A.Cooling yourself down plus good communication. B.Deep breathing plus sending e-mail.C.Physical exercise plus documentation.D.Accusation