专业八级-248及答案解析.doc

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1、专业八级-248 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：10.00)William Faulkner was born in Oxford, Miss. He had 1 _ education, 1 _ then he joined the British Royal Air Force in Canada because he was too short. After the war he stayed at the University of Mississippi and began to publish poems

2、or essays. In New Orleans, he met Sherwood Anderson, who helped him a lot. 2 _ With the publication of Sartoris ( 1929), he found Yoknapatawpha 3 _ 2 _ a regional myth of 200 - year - long history, which was written 4 _ in a 3 _hut often baroque style and considered as a 4 _ Among all novels, The So

3、und and the Fury ( 1929 ) , As I lay Dyig ( 1930 ) , 5 _ Sanctuary ( 1931 ) ,Light in August (1932) ,Absalom, Absalom (1936) ,received 6 _ much critical 5 _. Apart from the creation of long novels, Faulkner often used short stories to fill 6 _ in the historical development of Yoknapatawpha 7 _ Count

4、y. Durihg the 1930s he was off and on in Hollywood as a script writer, 8 _ but his works for film are not accounted as being of much 7 _ 9 _ For his literary accomplishments he was 8 _ a Nobel Prize in 10 _ 1950 and he made a brief but important statement about his belief in the Nobel 9 _ Speech: I

5、believe that man will not merely endure: he will 10 _.“（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、BSECTION B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).What materials were not used for road surfaces during the last century?（分数：1.00）A.Gravel.B.Asphalt.C.Macadam.D.Concrete.(2).Concrete

6、 is used in extensive projects because of _.（分数：1.00）A.the increase in trafficB.the cost of other materialsC.the change of the climateD.the construction of the roads(3).For light traffic, which of the following is not used?（分数：1.00）A.Sand clay.B.Macadam.C.Brick.D.Bituminous mixture.(4).What do“turnp

7、ikesmean?（分数：1.00）A.Roads.B.Streets.C.Lanes.D.Highways.(5).The total width of the Pennsylvania Turnpike is _.（分数：1.00）A.100 feetB.78 feetC.68 feetD.88 feet三、BSECTION C/B(总题数：2，分数：5.00)(1).South Korean Law - makers planned for an Asiawide coalition against _.（分数：1.00）A.Japans invasionB.Japans violati

8、on of human rightsC.Japans distortion of historyD.Japans cruelty(2).Protests in South Korea have not _.（分数：1.00）A.escalated into civic campaigns nationwideB.called for a boycott of Japanese goodsC.postponed joint military exercises with TokyoD.established a neutral just body to settle such a dispute

9、I Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following news from the VOA. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each question. Now listen to the news./I（分数：3.00）(1).When did George W. Bush present a letter to Congress?（分数：1.00）A.Friday.B.Thursday.C.Tuesday.D.Monday.(2).Last yea

10、r exports to China was boosted by _.（分数：1.00）A.25 percentB.24 percentC.23 percentD.22 percent(3).The annual review will continue _.（分数：1.00）A.in White HouseB.in the Pentagon BuildingC.in the United NationsD.on the Capitol Hill四、BPART READING (总题数：5，分数：20.00)BTEXT A/BAfter so many years of studying E

11、nglish, you may still get confused like you first come here just because of the slang the students use! Now let us see how “street talk“ and “regional talk“ are.Street talk is a way to categorize many “hip“ words used on the street. There is a playfulness about street talk.What about the word “hip?“

12、 You might have thought that this was derived from “hippie“-a follower of social fashion in the 1960s and 70s. But no, it comes from a much older usage, the word “hep“. The word “hip“ is marked as “out-of-date slang“. But it seems to have come back into fashion.Other bits of old-fashioned slang are

13、also popular here, such as “cool“. The expression “thats cool“ is often used to agree to a suggestion.The problem with slang and trendy expressions in general is that they change fast, so that only those who are using them all the time can keep up.A great deal of slang used by students comes from te

14、levision and films, especially from “catch phrases“ that are used by characters in TV programmed or films.A “catchphrase“ is a phrase that a particular character repeats, if you live here among students, go out to the cinema, watch similar programes and listen to popular music, you might find yourse

15、lf using slang with- out even thinking.If you meet students from outside London and the south-east, you may notice that local people some- times dont use textbook English.Traditional dialects are dying out here. But there are still many regional variations in the way English is used.One example is t

16、he way people address each other. If you are in Newcastle, you might hear people (particularly women) refer to each other as “hinny“-a common term of endearment. “Hinny“ refers to the “sterile hybrid offspring of a male horse and female donkey, “but that is not what they mean when they call you “hin

17、ny“ in Newcastle! Probably, the word theyre using is the local form of “honey“.Other parts have their own endearments. If someone in Glasgow calls you“ hen“ or someone in Notting- ham adds “duck“ to the end of what they say, theyre being friendly, not rude.Younger people tend to use these terms less

18、. And these phrases are only the tip of the iceberg when it comes to the rich regional variations found in informal speech here today.So after you think youve got the hang of slang, do you dare use it yourself7 Take care! Most informal and colloquial usage marks you as coming from a particular socia

19、l background-to a native speaking thing.Since English is not your first language, people may find it odd if you use slang. But you should spare time for chatting with, and learning from native - speakers and try to understand different usages. As you gain experience, youll learn which phrases are sa

20、fe to use. But make sure you dont use them in the wrong place. Stick with official English whenever in doubt!（分数：5.00）(1).The author is a _.（分数：1.00）A.travel guideB.language professorC.school supervisorD.talkshow host(2).What does the word “hip “mean in this passage?（分数：1.00）A.It is derived from “hi

21、ppie“.B.It means following the social fashion in the 1960s and 1970s.C.It comes from a more recent useage.D.It means“ out - of - date slang“.(3).The problem with slang and trendy expressions is _.（分数：1.00）A.that they are out - of - dateB.that they are difficultC.that they change fastD.that they mean

22、 nonsense(4).What does “hinny“ mean in Newcastle?（分数：1.00）A.The sterile hybrid of a horse and a donkey.B.A common term of cursing.C.The local form of “hello“.D.A usual way of affection.(5).The author asks learners _.（分数：1.00）A.to never use slangB.to understand what these slang words meanC.to take ti

23、me to use slang oftenD.to stick with official EnglishBTEXT B/BA team of international researchers has found new evidence that an endangered subspecies of chimpanzee is the source of the virus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in humans. Experts said the finding could lead to new

24、 treatments for AIDS and contribute to the development of a vaccine against the disease.The research team said the chimp - a subspecies known as Pan troglodytes troglodytes native to west central Africa - carries a simixan immunodeficiency virus (SIV) that is closely related to three strains of huma

25、n immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the virus that causes AIDS. One of these strains, HIV - 1, has caused the vast majority of the estimated 30 million HIV infections around the world.The researchers are uncertain when the chimp virus, called SIVcpz (for simixan immunodeficiency virus chimpanzee), first

26、 infected humans, although the oldest documented case of HIV has been linked to a Bantu man who died in Central Africa in 1959. But they said the virus, which does not appear to harm the chimps, was most likely transmixtted to humans when hunters were exposed to chimp blood while killing and butcher

27、ing the animals for food. Once transmixtted to humans, the researchers believe the virus mutated into HIV - 1.Team leader Beatrice Hahn, an AIDS researcher at the University of Alabama in Birmingham, said the chimps have probably carried the virus for hundreds of thousands of years. Since humans hav

28、e likely hunted the animals since prehistoric times, Hahn said the virus may have jumped to humans on many occasions, but was not transmixtted widely among humans until the 20th century. Increased hunting of the chimpanzees, along with human mixgration to African cities and changing sexual mores, co

29、uld help explain the recent epidemixc, Hahn said.Scientists had long suspected that a nonhuman primate was the source of HIV - 1. Earlier studies suggested that the sooty mangabey monkey, a native of West Africa, was the likely source of HIV - 2 - a rarer form of the AIDS virus that is transmixtted

30、less easily than HIV - 1. However, only a few samples of SIV strains exist, making it difficult for researchers to confidently connect the strains to HIV - 1.As part of their effort to discover the source of HIV - 1, the research team studied the four known samples of SIV cpz. They learned that thre

31、e of the four samples came from chimps belonging to the subspecies P.t. troglodytes. The remaining sample came from another subspecies, Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii, which inhabits East Africa.The team then compared the SlV cpz strains to each other and found that all three of the viruses from P.

32、t. troglodytes were closely related, while the virus from P.t. schweinfurthii was genetically different. Next they compared the SIVcpz strains to the main subgroups of HIV - 1, known as M, N, and O. Their comparisons showed that the P.t. troglodytes viruses strongly resembled all three HIV - 1 subgr

33、oups.Additional evidence that HIV - 1 could be linked to P. t, troglodytes came when the researchers examined the chimpsnatural habitat. The researchers quickly discovered that the chimps live primarily in the West African nations of Cameroon, Central African Republic, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea, and

34、Republic of the Congo the geographic region where HIV - 1 was first identified.Upon closer study, the researchers learned that the chimps were being killed in growing numbers for the so - called bushmeat trade, a trend assisted by the construction of new logging roads in once remote forests. The res

35、earchers said that continued hunting of the animals meant that many people are still likely to be exposed to SIVcpz, increasing the risk of additional cross - species transmissions.Many AIDS researchers welcomed the teams finding, but said the new work had not proved the connection definitively. Mos

36、t of the doubts centered on the difficulty of drawing conclusions from such a small number of SIVcpz samples. Because so few samples exist - all drawn from chimps in captivity - researchers do not know how prevalent the virus is among wild chimps, or how the virus is transmixtted. Doubts are likely

37、to persist until the course of the virus is studied in chimps in the wild.Some health experts said the finding could have far - reaching implications for combating AIDS. Because SIVcpz does not cause the chimps to become iii, researchers believe that the animalsdisease - fighting immune systems may

38、have developed a defense against the virus. Since chimps are 98 percent genetically similar to humans, learning more about the chimpsimmune systems could shed light on new ways to prevent and treat AIDS in humans. Discovering how the chimps immune system controls the virus, for example, could help r

39、esearchers develop a vaccine that generates a similar immune - system response in humans Other experts noted that even if the finding does not help in the fight against AIDS, it provides strong evidence that dangerous viruses can be transmixtted to humans from wild animals. In some cases, the viruse

40、s may be harmless to the host animals, but cause sickness and death when transmixtted to humans. As people increasingly venture into remote animal habitats, some scientists believe there is a growing risk of new human exposures to previously unknown disease-causing microbes.In the meantime, widespre

41、ad slaughter of the chimps could make further study of P. t. troglodytes difficult. The wild chimp population which exceeded 1 million animals in the early 20th century is now believed to number fewer than 100,000. “We cannot afford to lose these animals, either from the animals conservation point o

42、f view or a medical investigation standpoint,“ said Hahn. “It is quite possible that the chimpanzee, which has served as the source of HIV - 1, also holds the clues to its successful control.“（分数：5.00）(1).The significance of the finding is that _.（分数：1.00）A.people now know the number of chimpanzees

43、is much smaller than expectedB.it may make it possible for scientists to discover new ways of treating AIDS.C.it proves some deadly human diseases can also be transmitted to wild animalsD.it will soon help the scientists develop a vaccine that prevents the AIDS virus(2).According to Hahn, all the fo

44、llowing increase the transmission of AIDS virus EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.hunting and killing more chimpanzees.B.more champ hunters moving to citiesC.peoples changed sexual behaviors.D.travelling to more African countries.(3).Many AIDS experts are not completely satisfied with results of the study because

45、 _.（分数：1.00）A.only a limited number of chimpanzees are used for sampling the virus.B.it is now extremely difficult to find chimpanzees that carry the virus.C.the samples collected are from two different subspecies of chimpanzees.D.it does not provide reliable evidence of the link between SIV and HIV

46、 - 1.(4).Since chimpanzees are genetically very similar to humans, _.（分数：1.00）A.chimpanzees are likely to suffer AIDS just like humans if they are infected.B.it does not matter if human beings are infected with SIV rather than HIV - 1.C.we can use human vaccines to prevent chimpanzees from getting A

47、IDS virus.D.AIDS vaccines based on chimps immune mechanism are possible to be made.(5).The biggest worry that the researchers now have is _.（分数：1.00）A.more and more wild chimpanzees are being slaughtered.B.AIDS virus is diificult to be killed and controlled.C.it is not easy to repair peoples deficie

48、nt immune systems.D.many dangerous viruses are being transmitted to humans.BTEXT C/BFeels like SpringI stop at the corner drugstore for a breakfast of doughnuts and coffee, and then I race to the subway station and gallop down the steps to catch my usual train. I hold on to the strap and make believe Im reading my newspaper, but I keep glancing at the people crowded in around mc. I listen to them talk about their troubles and