专业八级-181及答案解析.doc

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1、专业八级-181 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PROOFREADDING it crept into the 30 sleeves of his coat. When he came to the public house at Chapel Bridge he went in and ordered a hot punch.（分数：25.00）Hostility to Gypsies has existed almost from the time they first appeared in Europe in the 14th century. The or

2、igins of the Gypsies, with little writing history, were shrouded in 31 mystery. Which is known now from clues in the various dialects 32 of their language, Romany, is that they came from northern India to the Middle East a thousand years ago, work as 33 minstrels and mercenaries, metal smiths and se

3、rvants. Europeans misnamed them Egyptians, soon shortened to Gypsies. A clan system, based mostly on their traditional crafts and geography, has made them a deeply fragmented and fractious people, only really unifying in the face of enemy from 34 non-Gypsies, whom they call gadje. Today many Gypsy a

4、ctivists prefer to be called Roma, that comes from the 35 Romany word for “man“. But on my travels among them most still referred themselves as Gypsies. 36 In Europe their prosecution by the gadje began quickly, 37 with the church seeing heresy in their fortune-telling and the state seeing anti-soci

5、al behaviour in their nomadism. At various time they have been forbidden to wear their distinctive 38 bright clothes, to speak their own language, to travel, to marry one another, or to ply their traditional crafts. In some countries they were reduced to slaveryit was until 39 the mid-1800s that Gyp

6、sy slaves were freed in Romania. In more recent times the Gypsies were caught up in Nazi ethnic hysteria, and perhaps half a million perished in the Holocaust. Their horses have been shot and the wheels removed from their wagons, their names have been changed, their women have been sterilized, and t

7、heir children have been forcibly given for adopting to non-Gypsy families. 40 （分数：25.00）专业八级-181 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PROOFREADDING it crept into the 30 sleeves of his coat. When he came to the public house at Chapel Bridge he went in and ordered a hot punch.（分数：25.00）解析：laidlay解析 动词“lie”表示“躺

8、”时过去式和过去分词为“lay”和“lain”，而“laid”为动词“lay”的过去式或过去分词，要注意区别。解析：narrationnarrative解析 “narration”往往表示有别于议论文或说明文的“记叙文”文体，而具体的某一篇“记叙文或故事”通常使用“narrative”表示。解析：sacredlysacred解析 这里的“hold”表示“视为”，后面应该接形容词，表示“视为什么”，而不是“如何视为”。解析：hadonly/merely解析 “not”不能在句首引起倒装，而“not only/merely”却可以，另外从意思上来讲也应该加上“only/merely”。解析：unf

9、itfulunfit解析 “fit”作形容词表示“适合”时，它的否定形式为“unfit”。“fit”也可作名词，意思是“合身；发作；痉挛”，形容词“fitful”表示“间断的，不规律的”。解析：第一个 ofto解析 “为某物的猎物”应用介词“to”，而不是“of”。解析：harshharsher解析 由于本句使用了比较结构所以“harsh”应改为“harsher”。解析：toof解析 “approve of”表示“同意，通过”，不用“to”。解析：wonderwander解析 “wonder”和“wander”形近但义远，要注意区分。“wonder。”作及物动词时，意思是“怀疑；惊奇；对感到惊

10、讶”；而“wander”作及物动词时，意思是“徘徊；漫步；迷路；离题”。解析：had/解析 此句应使用一般过去时表示当时的感觉。Hostility to Gypsies has existed almost from the time they first appeared in Europe in the 14th century. The origins of the Gypsies, with little writing history, were shrouded in 31 mystery. Which is known now from clues in the various

11、dialects 32 of their language, Romany, is that they came from northern India to the Middle East a thousand years ago, work as 33 minstrels and mercenaries, metal smiths and servants. Europeans misnamed them Egyptians, soon shortened to Gypsies. A clan system, based mostly on their traditional crafts

12、 and geography, has made them a deeply fragmented and fractious people, only really unifying in the face of enemy from 34 non-Gypsies, whom they call gadje. Today many Gypsy activists prefer to be called Roma, that comes from the 35 Romany word for “man“. But on my travels among them most still refe

13、rred themselves as Gypsies. 36 In Europe their prosecution by the gadje began quickly, 37 with the church seeing heresy in their fortune-telling and the state seeing anti-social behaviour in their nomadism. At various time they have been forbidden to wear their distinctive 38 bright clothes, to spea

14、k their own language, to travel, to marry one another, or to ply their traditional crafts. In some countries they were reduced to slaveryit was until 39 the mid-1800s that Gypsy slaves were freed in Romania. In more recent times the Gypsies were caught up in Nazi ethnic hysteria, and perhaps half a

15、million perished in the Holocaust. Their horses have been shot and the wheels removed from their wagons, their names have been changed, their women have been sterilized, and their children have been forcibly given for adopting to non-Gypsy families. 40 （分数：25.00）解析：writingwritten解析 “history”应该是被书写，而

16、不是自己写成的，所以应使用动词“write”的过去分词表被动。解析：WhichWhat解析 如果整体看“Which”开头的句子就会发现句子的主语为“Which”引导的名词性分句。在此处不应使用“Which”，而应使用“What”，因为此处在分句中的意思是“什么”而不是“哪一个”。解析：workworking解析 在“that”引导的分句中主语为“they”，动词有两个，一个是“came”，另一个是“work”，因此必须处理好两者间的关系。根据句意要求，只能将“work”变为“working”，做伴随状语。解析：enemyenmity解析 “enemy”在此处用得很蹊跷，要么将“enemy”变为

17、“enemies”，要么换成别的如“enmity”表“敌意，敌视”等抽象含义的词。两者相比，显然后者更好。解析：thatwhich解析 由“that”引导的分句应该是非限定性定语从句，而我们都知道“that”不能引导非限定性定语从句，所以只能换成“which”。解析：referredto解析 当动词“refer”表示“所指，指向”时需与“to”连用。解析：prosecutionpersecution解析 名词“prosecution”和“persecution”形相近义却相距很远，“prosecution”表示“指控”，而“persecution”表示“迫害”。这样的形近词平时要注意比较。解析

18、：timetimes解析 当“time”一词表示“时期”或“次数”时是可以使用复数形式的。此时采用的是“时期”的意思，且前面有“various”，所以应该用复数形式。解析：untilnot解析 如果想表示“直到(何时)才”的意思时，只能用“not.until”结构，不能只用“until”。解析：adoptingadoption解析 在此处最好将“adopting”换成名词“adoption”，跟在介词“for”之后。此句话的意思是“(吉普赛人的)孩子们被强迫送给非吉普赛人抚养”。主语“孩子”和“adopt”之间为被动关系，但是前面有介词 for，所以需将 adopting改为名词 adoption。