专业八级-174 (1)及答案解析.doc

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1、专业八级-174 (1)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：10.00)At present companies and industries like to sponsor sports events. Two reasons are put forward to explain this phenomenon. The first reason is that they get (1)_throughout the world. The second reason (1)_ is that companies and i

2、ndustries (2)_money, as (2)_ they get reductions in the tax they owe if they sponsor sports or arts activities. As sponsorship is (3) _, careful thinking is (3)_ required in deciding which events to sponsor. It is important that the event to be sponsored (4)_the (4)_ product (s) to be promoted. That

3、 is, the right (5)_and maximum product coverage must be (5)_ guaranteed in the event. Points to be considered in sports sponsorship. BUPopularity of the event/U/B International sports events are big (6) _event, (6)_ which get extensive coverage on TV and in the press. Smaller events attract fewer pe

4、ople. BUIdentification of the potential audience/U/B Aiming at the right audience is most important for smaller events. The right audience would attract manufacturers of other related products like (7)_, etc. (7)_ BUAdvantages of sponsorship/U/B Advantages are longer-term. People are expected to res

5、pond (8) _to the (8)_ products promoted and be more likely to buy them. Advertising is (9) _the mind. (9)_ Sponsorship is better than straight advertising: a) less (10)_ (10)_ b) tax-free（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、BSECTION B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).

6、What is Joyce doing?（分数：1.00）A.Buying a pair of Adidas tennis shoes.B.Asking her father about Adidas shoes.C.Discussing with her father about Adidas shoes.D.Joining the tennis club in school.(2).What does her father think about Adidas shoes?（分数：1.00）A.They dont help sports players at all.B.They may

7、be comfortable but are too expensive.C.They dont live up to their fame.D.They are good for track and field sports but not for ball games.(3).Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the father?（分数：1.00）A.He and his friends have never worn Adidas.B.Adidas is just for great sports players like the C

8、hicago Bulls.C.Adidas helps sports players do better.D.He has always wanted to wear Adidas shoes.(4).Why does the father object to Joyces idea of buying Adidas?（分数：1.00）A.He thinks Adidas would cost him quite a lot of money.B.He doesnt think Joyce will run.C.He doesnt think the shoes will help Joyce

9、 in the games.D.He doesnt think Joyce will play sports for long.(5).What is NOT true about Joyce?（分数：1.00）A.She makes good use of an ad to convince her father.B.She is easily fooled by ads.C.She didnt play much sports before.D.She wants her fathers opinion about Adidas shoes.三、BSECTION C/B(总题数：2，分数：

10、5.00)(1).The weather on the wedding day was_.（分数：1.00）A.coldB.warmC.foggyD.rainy(2).The wedding reception was held_.（分数：1.00）A.in EdinburghB.on DeesideC.at BalmoralD.in YorkI Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each q

11、uestion. Now listen to the news./I（分数：3.00）(1).What is the main topic of the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Moods of people.B.Sleep and dreams.C.Effect of sleep and dreams.D.How to manipulate dreams.(2).How are sleep and dreams related with peoples performances?（分数：1.00）A.The less sleep people have, the better

12、they perform.B.The fewer dream characters, the happier people are.C.The level of ones moods rises and falls according to his dream characters.D.The less dozy, the more clear-thinking.(3).The news can be classified to_.（分数：1.00）A.science fictionB.critical reviewC.science reportD.textbook四、BPART READI

13、NG (总题数：7，分数：20.00)BTEXT A/BLaziness is a sin. Everyone knows that we have probably all had lectures pointing out that laziness is immoral, that it is wasteful, and that lazy people will never amount to anything in life. But laziness can be more harmful than that, and it is often caused by more comp

14、lex reasons than simple wish to avoid work. Some people who appear to be lazy are suffering from much more serious problems. They may be so distrustful of their fellow workers that they are unable to join in any group task for fear of ridicule or fear of having their ideas stolen. These people who s

15、eem lazy may be paralyzed by a fear of failure that prevents fruitful work. Or other sorts of fantasies may prevent work. Some people are so busy planning, sometimes planning great deals or fantastic achievements, that they are unable to deal with whatever “lesser“ work is on hand. Still other peopl

16、e are not avoiding work; strictly speaking, they are merely procrastinating-rescheduling their day.Laziness can actually be helpful. Like procrastinators some people may look lazy when they are really thinking, planning, contemplating, researching. We should all remember that great scientific discov

17、eries occurred by chance. Newton wasnt working in the orchard when the apple hit him and he devised the theory of gravity. All of us would like to have someone “lazy“ build the car or stove we buy, particularly if that “laziness“ were caused by the workers taking time to check each step of his work

18、and to do his job right. And some- times, being “lazy“-that is, taking time off for a rest-is good for the overworked students or executives. Taking a rest can be particularly helpful to the athlete who is trying too hard or the doctor who is simply working himself overtime too many evenings at the

19、clinic. So be careful when youre tempted to call someone lazy. That person may be thinking, resting, or planning his or her next work.（分数：2.00）(1).The main idea of the passage is that_.（分数：1.00）A.laziness is a sinB.there are advantages and disadvantages in being lazyC.laziness is the sign of deep-se

20、ated emotional problemsD.lazy people do more careful work(2).Which of the following conclusions does the passage support?（分数：1.00）A.The word laziness is sometimes applied incorrectly.B.Most of the time laziness is a virtue.C.Most assembly workers are lazy.D.Most insecure workers are lazy.BTEXT B/BIt

21、 is hard to predict how science is going to turn out, and if it is really good science it is impossible to predict. If the things to be found are actually new, they are by definition unknown in advance. You cannot make choices in this matter. You either have science or you dont, and if you have it y

22、ou are obliged to accept the surprising and disturbing pieces of information, along with the neat and promptly useful bits.The only solid piece of scientific truth about which I feel totally confident is that we are profoundly ignorant about nature. Indeed, I regard this as the major discovery of th

23、e past hundred years of biology. It is, in its way, an illuminating piece of news. It would have amazed the brightest minds of the 18th century Enlightenment to be told by any of us how little we know and how bewildering the way ahead seems. It is this sudden confrontation with the depth and scope o

24、f ignorance that represents the most significant contribution of the 20th century science to the human intellect. In earlier times, we either pretended to understand how things worked or ignored the problem, or simply made up stories to fill the gaps. Now that we have begun exploring in earnest, we

25、are getting glimpses of how huge the questions are, and how far from being answered. Because of this, we are depressed. It is not so bad being ignorant if you are totally ignorant; the hard thing is knowing in some detail the reality of ignorance, the worst spots and here and there the not-so-bad sp

26、ots, but no true light at the end of the tunnel or even any tunnels can yet be trusted.But we are making a beginning, and there ought to be some satisfaction. There are probably no questions we can think up that cannot be answered, sooner or later, including even the matter of consciousness. To be s

27、ure, there may well be questions we cannot think up, ever, and therefore limits to the reach of human intellect, but that is another matter. Within our limits, we should be able to work our way through to all our answers, if we keep at it long enough, and pay attention.（分数：2.00）(1).It can be inferre

28、d from the passage that scientists of the 18th century_.（分数：1.00）A.thought that they knew a great deal and could solve most problems of scienceB.were afraid of facing up to the realities of scientific researchC.knew that they were ignorant and wanted to know more about natureD.did more harm than goo

29、d in promoting mans understanding of nature(2).What is the authors attitude toward science?（分数：1.00）A.He is depressed because of the ignorance of the scientists.B.He is doubtful because of the enormous difficulties in scientific research.C.He is confident though he is aware of the enormous difficult

30、ies in scientific research.D.He is delighted because of the illuminating scientific findings.BTEXT C/BThe relationship between the home and market economies has gone through two distinct stages. Early industrialization began the process of transferring some production processes (e. g. cloth-making,

31、sewing and canning foods) from the home to the marketplace. Although the home economy could still produce these goods, the processes were laborious and the market economy was usually more efficient. Soon, the more important second stage was evident-the marketplace began producing goods and services

32、that had never been produced by the home economy, and the home economy was unable to produce them (e. g. electricity and electrical appliances, the automobile, advanced education, sophisticated medical care). In the second stage, the question of whether the home economy was less efficient in produci

33、ng these new goods and services was irrelevant. If the family were to enjoy these fruits of industrialization, they would have to be obtained in the marketplace. The traditional ways of taking care of these needs in the home, such as in nursing the sick, became socially unacceptable (and, in most se

34、rious cases, probably less successful). Just as the appearance of the automobile made the use of the horse-drawn carriage illegal and then impractical, and the appearance of television changed the radio from a source of entertainment to a source of background music, so most of the fruits of economic

35、 growth did not increase the options available to the home economy to either produce the goods or services or purchase them in the market. Growth brought with it increased variety in consumer goods, but not increased flexibility for the home economy in obtaining these goods and services. Instead, ec

36、onomic growth brought with it increased consumer reliance on the marketplace. In order to consume these new goods and services, the family had to enter the marketplace as wage earners and consumers. The neoclassical model that views the family as deciding whether to produce goods and services direct

37、ly or to purchase them in the marketplace is basically a model of the first stage. It cannot accurately be applied to the second (and current) stage.（分数：2.00）(1).The reason why many production processes were taken over by the marketplace was that_.（分数：1.00）A.it was a necessary step in the process of

38、 industrializationB.they depended on electricity available only to the market economyC.it was troublesome to produce such goods in the homeD.the marketplace was more efficient with respect to these processes(2).Economic growth did not make it more flexible for the home economy to obtain the new good

39、s and services because_.（分数：1.00）A.the family was not efficient in productionB.it will be illegal for the home economic to produce themC.it could not supply them by itselfD.the market for these goods and services was limitedBTEXT D/BFederal Reserve System, central banking system of the United States

40、, popularly called the Fed. A central bank serves as the banker to both the banking community and the government; it also issues the national currency, conducts monetary policy, and plays a major role in the supervision and regulation of banks and bank holding companies. In the U.S. these functions

41、are the responsibilities of key officials of the Federal Reserve System: the Board of Governors, located in Washington D.C., and the top officers of the 12 district Federal Reserve banks, located throughout the nation. The Feds actions, described below, generally have a significant effect on U.S. in

42、terest rates and, subsequently, on stock, bond, and other financial markets.The Federal Reserves basic powers are concentrated in the Board of Governors, which is paramount in all policy issues concerning bank regulation and supervision and in most aspects of monetary and banking matters. Because th

43、e board in not an operating agency, most of the day-to-day implementation of policy decisions is left to the district Federal Reserve banks, stock in which is owned by the commercial banks that are members of the Federal Reserve System. Ownership in this instance, however, does not imply control; th

44、e Board of Governors and the heads of the Reserve banks orient their policies to the public interest rather than to the benefit of the private banking system.The U.S. banking systems regulatory apparatus is complex; the authority of the Federal Reserve is shared in some instances for example, in mer

45、gers or the examination of banks with other federal agencies such as the Comptroller of the Currency and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). In the critical area of regulating the nations money supply in accordance with national economic goals, however, the Federal Reserve is independe

46、nt within the government. Income and expenditures of the Federal Reserve banks and of the Board of Governors are not subject to the congressional appropriation process; the Federal Reserve is self-financing. Its income ( $ 20.2 billion in 1992) comes mainly from Reserve bank holding of income-earnin

47、g securities, primarily those of the U.S. government. Outlays ( $1.5 billion in 1992) are mostly for operational expenses in providing services to the government and for expenditures connected with regulation and monetary policy. In 1992 the Federal Reserve returned $16.8billion in earnings to the U

48、.S. Treasury.（分数：2.00）(1).The fact that stock in the Fed belongs to commercial banks_.（分数：1.00）A.doesnt mean the latter is in controlB.means the latter is in controlC.means the latter is subjected to the Reserve banksD.means the Reserve banks orient the latters policies(2).The authority of the Federal Reserve_.（分数：1.00）A.has to be shared with other establishmentsB.is exclusive at other timesC.isnt limited by comptroller of the Currency and