专业八级-150及答案解析.doc

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1、专业八级-150 及答案解析(总分：100.05，做题时间：90 分钟)一、LISTENING COMPREHENS(总题数：3，分数：100.00)Effective Note-takingThe difficulty of taking notes: Note-taking requires a high level of ability due to the 1 of spoken language. . Before taking notes: A. Be sure of the 2 of yours and the speaker“s. B. Review relevant back

2、ground materials if 3 . . While taking notes: A. Understand the new words by 4 the meanings from the context. B. Study carefully the 5 , which usually implies the most important information. C. Catch the speaker“s 6 through tone, gesture, repetition and illustration on the board. D. Pay attention to

3、 the speaker“s indirect 7 to indicate what is important, like changes in speed, volume or 8 . E. While writing down the main points, develop a system of mechanics: jotting down 9 ; using shorthand, abbreviations and symbols; leaving out 10 words. F. While selecting words to write down, pick those ha

4、ving the 11 information, like nouns, verbs or 12 , and those indicating the proceeding direction of the lecture, like 13 . . After taking notes: A. Review and 14 them as soon as possible. B. 15 notes with others to learn from them. （分数：30.00）Learning How to Learn. Views on learning A. Learning is so

5、mething so natural we don“t even 16 we“re doing it we get caught up in the process of it B. The preconditions of how much one will learn the absolute 17 : people have to learn the infinite 18 : people want to learn . The basic and overall 19 to learning A. choice of 20 B. 21 a) books, tapes and vide

6、os b) 22 : expert can help you to learn C. action a) 23 of what people have learnt b) misunderstanding: know everything before taking actions D. 24 : the majority of learning occurs a) acting as a filter to tell people what they have to get again b) showing them what they need to know c) the 25 of k

7、nowledge and experience d) determining whether people really learn or not . Other factors crucial to learning A. A 26 attitude acknowledgment of the fact that one knows little intention to learn 27 gaining a lot of information about the subject B. Listening most people love to talk about what they a

8、re 28 you would learn a lot if you are truly listening C. 29 not afraid of mixing up things when applying what one has learnt pointing to an area of refinement leading one to learning new things emphasis on the choice of 30 at the beginning of learning （分数：30.00）How to Find Time for Yourself. Introd

9、uction: ways to carve out your own time A. 31 : too busy B. Desire: some time for yourself . Scheduling time for yourself A. Evenings with yourself saving certain 32 just for you doing whatever you want on those nights B. 33 C. Buying tickets 34 tickets for anything you enjoy: sports, concerts, etc.

10、 scheduling the plans with a friend later D. Leaving work on time E. Joining a(n) 35 F. Taking an adult education class G. Doing some exercise deciding today making it 36 tomorrow . Keeping yourself on the go A. Commuting via 37 transportation, using that time for some reading or 38 for meditation B

11、. Driving in your car making the most of the time 39 you spend that time changing “waiting time“ into “ 40 “ doing reading, writing or entertainment items . Trying to be in synergy A. Two birds, one stone B. Getting to work 41 getting exercise using the time to think or enjoy music C. Arriving early

12、, using the time for relaxation for thinking, whatever D. 42 making a difference for others escaping work and personal 43 growing as a person E. Taking a(n) 44 job making money doing something you love F. Having 45 （分数：40.05）专业八级-150 答案解析(总分：100.05，做题时间：90 分钟)一、LISTENING COMPREHENS(总题数：3，分数：100.00)E

13、ffective Note-takingThe difficulty of taking notes: Note-taking requires a high level of ability due to the 1 of spoken language. . Before taking notes: A. Be sure of the 2 of yours and the speaker“s. B. Review relevant background materials if 3 . . While taking notes: A. Understand the new words by

14、 4 the meanings from the context. B. Study carefully the 5 , which usually implies the most important information. C. Catch the speaker“s 6 through tone, gesture, repetition and illustration on the board. D. Pay attention to the speaker“s indirect 7 to indicate what is important, like changes in spe

15、ed, volume or 8 . E. While writing down the main points, develop a system of mechanics: jotting down 9 ; using shorthand, abbreviations and symbols; leaving out 10 words. F. While selecting words to write down, pick those having the 11 information, like nouns, verbs or 12 , and those indicating the

16、proceeding direction of the lecture, like 13 . . After taking notes: A. Review and 14 them as soon as possible. B. 15 notes with others to learn from them. （分数：30.00）解析：diffusion 原力原文 Effective Note-takingGood morning, everyone! Today I“d like to continue our series of talks about study skills in un

17、iversity. This morning I“m going to discuss how to take notes effectively. As we all know, note-taking is difficult since spoken language is more diffuse than written language and its organization is not immediately apparent. In addition, spoken language is quickly gone, which makes analysis difficu

18、lt. So it can be seen that to achieve such a complex task as note-taking, a high level of ability in many separate skills is required. Now let“s discuss these skills in details. Before taking notes, prepare yourself mentally. Be sure of your purpose and the speaker“s purpose. Review your notes and o

19、ther background material if available because increased knowledge results in increased interest. Besides, a clear sense of purpose on your part will make the speaker“s content more relevant. Be ready to understand and remember. Anticipate what is to come, and later evaluate how well you were able to

20、 do this. While taking notes, the student has to understand what the lecturer says as he says it. The student cannot stop the lecture in order to look up a new word or check an unfamiliar sentence pattern. This puts the nonnative speaker of English under a particularly severe strain. Often he may no

21、t be able to recognize words in speech which he understands straightaway in print. He“ll also meet words in a lecture which are completely new to him. While he should, of course, try to develop the ability to infer their meanings from the context, he won“t always be able to do this successfully. He

22、must not allow failure of this kind to discourage him, however. It is often possible to understand much of a lecture by concentrating solely on those points which are most important. But how does the student decide what is important? It is, in fact, the second skill I want to talk about today. Proba

23、bly the most important piece of information in a lecture is the title itself. If this is printed beforehand, the student should study it carefully and make sure he is in no doubt about its meaning. Whatever happens he should make sure that he writes it down accurately and completely. A title often i

24、mplies many of the major points that will later be covered in the lecture itself. Be alert to the speaker“s emphasis through tone, gesture, repetition and illustration on the board. A good lecturer, of course, often signals what is important or unimportant. He may give direct signals or indirect sig

25、nals. Many lecturers, for example, explicitly tell their audience that a point is important and that the student should write it down. It is worth remembering that most lecturers also give indirect signals to indicate what is important. They either pause or speak slowly or speak loudly or use a grea

26、ter range of intonation, or they employ a combination of these devices, when they say something important. Conversely, their sentences are delivered quickly, softly, within a narrow range of intonation and with short or infrequent pauses when they are saying something which is incidental. It is, of

27、course, helpful for the student to be aware of this and for him to focus his attention accordingly. Having sorted out the main points, however, the student still has to write them down. And he has to do this quickly and clearly. In order to write at speed, try to develop a suitable system of mechani

28、cs: jot down words or phrases, not entire sentences; develop some system of shorthand and be consistent in its use; leave out small service words; use contractions, abbreviations and symbols. Most students find it helpful to abbreviate. They also try to select only those words which give maximum inf

29、ormation. These are usually nouns, but sometimes verbs or adjectives. Writing only one point on each line also helps the student to understand his notes when he comes to read them later. An important difficulty is, of course, finding time to write the notes. If a student chooses the wrong moment to

30、write, he may miss a point of greater importance. Connecting words or connectives may guide him to a correct choice here. Those connectives which indicate that the argument is proceeding in the same direction also tell the listener that it is a safe time to write. “Moreover“, “furthermore“, “also“,

31、etc., are examples of this. Connectives such as “however“, “on the other hand“ or “nevertheless“ usually mean that new and perhaps unexpected information is going to follow. Therefore, it may, on these occasions, be more appropriate to listen. After taking notes, review and reword them as soon as po

32、ssible. Don“t just recopy or type without thought. Reminiscing may provide forgotten material later. Rewrite incomplete parts in greater detail. Fill in gaps as you remember points heard but not recorded. Arrange with another student to compare notes. Sharpen your note-taking technique by looking at

33、 other students“ notes. How are they better than your own? How are your notes superior? Compare the information in your notes with your own experience. Don“t swallow everything uncritically. Don“t reject what seems strange or incorrect. Check it out. Be willing to hold some seeming inconsistencies i

34、n your mind over a period of time. Make meaningful associations. Memorize that which must be memorized. OK. In today“s lecture, we“ve discussed several skills that can help one in taking notes effectively. In our next lecture, we“ll explore how to read effectively. 解析 讲座的主题为“how to take notes effect

35、ively(如何有效地记笔记)”。随后演讲人比较了口语与书面语的区别，其中提到口语要比书面语更加散乱(diffuse)。根据题目要求，空格处应填名词，故用diffuse的名词形式 diffusion。解析：purpose(s)解析 在谈到记笔记之前的准备时，演讲人认为，要确定 your purpose and the speaker“s purpose。对应题目，填入 purpose(s)即可。解析：available解析 记笔记之前准备的另一个方面，就是 review your notes and other background material if available。空格考查的内容是

36、讲座出现的原词，故填入 available即可。解析：inferring解析 在谈到 new word和 unfamiliar sentence pattern时，演讲人并不提议立即查字典，而是建议 develop the ability to infer their meanings from the context(培养从语境中推测词义的能力)。注意空格前的介词 by，空格处应用动名词 inferring。解析：title解析 为了解决“学生如何确定重要信息”，演讲人提到了记笔记时的第二个要点：最重要的信息往往体现在标题(title)上。随后演讲人进一步地说明了 title的重要性。故此空

37、填 title。解析：emphasis解析 此题谈论记笔记过程中的第三个要点：be alert to the speaker“s emphasis through.(注意说话者通过所进行的强调)。空格处待填内容为 emphasis。解析：signals解析 在讲完 be alert to the speaker“s emphasis之后，讲座接着提到，一个好的演讲人，通常会对重点和非重点的地方发出直接或间接的信号(signals)。因此，空格缺少的是 signals一词。解析：intonation解析 在谈到 indirect signals(间接信号)时提到，演讲人要么放慢语速，要么提高音量

38、，要么使用抑扬顿挫的语调。题目中的 speed对应原文的 slowly，volume 对应 loudly，因而填入intonation。解析：words or phrases解析 在谈到如何记录时，讲座人列举了一些方法，其中第一个就是 jot down words or phrases(记下单词或短语)。故此处填入 words or phrases。解析：small service解析 此处考查演讲人列举的另一个方法：leave out small service words(省略不重要的修饰语)。空格处待填的是 small service。解析：maximum解析 在谈到 abbreviat

39、ion(缩写)时，演讲人称许多学生选择使用那些能够提供最多信息的单词。空格处应填入修饰 information的形容词或名词，根据原文内容，填 maximum。解析：adjectives解析 此题是上一题的具体例子。能够提供最多信息的单词通常是名词，有时候是动词或形容词。结合题目，这里缺少的是形容词，即 adjectives。解析：connectives/connecting words解析 在谈到应记录的内容时，演讲人还建议要注意connecting words or connectives(连接词)。文章中修饰 connectives的定语从句 which indicate that th

40、e argument is preceding in the same direction与题目内容相对应，因而填入 connectives或 connecting words即可。解析：reword解析 此题考查记笔记之后的情况。其中讲座提到的第一个方面就是 review and reword them as soon as possible(尽快回顾和改写所记录的内容)。题目已经给出了 review一词，故填入reword。解析：Compare解析 在 After taking notes方面，演讲人提到了两个方面：尽快回顾和改写所记录的内容；与其他同学对比笔记内容。题目考查第二个方面，即

41、 compare notes。Learning How to Learn. Views on learning A. Learning is something so natural we don“t even 16 we“re doing it we get caught up in the process of it B. The preconditions of how much one will learn the absolute 17 : people have to learn the infinite 18 : people want to learn . The basic

42、and overall 19 to learning A. choice of 20 B. 21 a) books, tapes and videos b) 22 : expert can help you to learn C. action a) 23 of what people have learnt b) misunderstanding: know everything before taking actions D. 24 : the majority of learning occurs a) acting as a filter to tell people what the

43、y have to get again b) showing them what they need to know c) the 25 of knowledge and experience d) determining whether people really learn or not . Other factors crucial to learning A. A 26 attitude acknowledgment of the fact that one knows little intention to learn 27 gaining a lot of information

44、about the subject B. Listening most people love to talk about what they are 28 you would learn a lot if you are truly listening C. 29 not afraid of mixing up things when applying what one has learnt pointing to an area of refinement leading one to learning new things emphasis on the choice of 30 at

45、the beginning of learning （分数：30.00）解析：recognize 原力原文 Learning How to LearnGood evening. Today“s lecture is about the phrase “learning how to learn“. I remember reading that learning how to learn is one of the best skills you can develop. That phrase “learning how to learn“ got stuck in my head and

46、I turned that concept over and over in my mind and asked myself: “Do we have to learn how to learn?“ After thinking about it, I“ve realized that learning is something so natural that we don“t even recognize that we“re doing it because we get so caught up in the process of it. Most of us associate le

47、arning as something difficult, something reserved for extremely intelligent people, but that is not the case at all. I think the biggest indicator that will tell you how much you will learn is what makes you want to learn in the first place. I know that sounds pretty obvious, but that single factor

48、is very important as you“ll soon see. Take for example, learning the latest accounting rules because your job requires it as opposed to learning about cars because that“s something you like. If you have to learn something, you“ll only learn as much as you“re required toin other words the absolute mi

49、nimum, but if you want to learn something, the sky“s the limit. There are some basic overall methodologies to learning. It really begins first with choosing the right subject. This is key. This choice alone can determine how much you are willing to learn. You have to develop a love for learning and that becomes really easy when you love the subject itself. After the right subject is chosen, then comes the education. When education comes to mind, we tend to think of books, tapes, videos b