专业八级-149及答案解析.doc

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1、专业八级-149 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PROOFREADDING & ERRO(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：25.00)English is one of the world“s most widely spoken languages. This is partly because it was the language of the British Empire. The empire once controlled so much of the world when it was said 1 that th

2、e Sun never set on the British Empire. England, the birthplace of English, takes on most of the island 2 of Great Britain. It is one of the four land that form the United 3 Kingdom. The English that people speak there today is quite differed from the English that was spoken long ago. If you were 4 r

3、ead a book by Geoffrey Chaucer, one of the early writers of 5 English, someone would have to explain it to you what many 6 words mean. England has product many famous writers since Chaucer. 7 They include such poets as John Milton and Percy Bysshe Shelley and such novelists as Jane Austen and Charle

4、s Dickens. England is also known for its theater. That art has remained important since the time of playwright William Shakespeare some 400 years ago. England“s Oxford and Cambridge are two of the oldest universities in the world. The country“s contributions of classical and folk 8 music, as well as

5、 to rock and roll, are also important. It“s not hard 9 to imagine what rock would be like if there hadn“t been English performers such as the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, and David Bowie. The English also discovered two of the world“s most 10 popular sports: football (known as “soccer“ in the United

6、 States) and cricket.（分数：25.00）三、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：25.00)Poetry can be compared to painting. When you look at a work of art, you first see it for what it isa depiction of a person, an animal, a place, or a thing. You“ll notice the colors and the textures, and maybe how the light shines across a win

7、dow or 1 highlights a patch of flowers. These are the things what you see on 2 the surface. Then you look a little close at some of the fine details. 3 How did the painter make white paint to look silver against blue 4 drapery? How did the artist catch that sad look in the eyes of the child? How on

8、earth did it actually make an apple look so real that 5 you could always reach out and grab it off the table? 6 Now what about abstract art? What do you see in these paintings? Strange shapes and images-are they recognized? Do 7 they make you feel a certain way? When you look at abstract art, maybe

9、you don“t necessary see as much as you are actually feeling. To some people, poetry is like abstract art. Some people feel that poetry is too objective to the artist for the reader to be able to 8 fully understand it. How can you make the sense of words that 9 don“t necessarily say a story? To appre

10、ciate art, you must first 10 appreciate your own sensibilities, and then you must appreciate form and texture. With poetry, you start with an appreciation of and trust for your own feelings, and then you examine your appreciation of words and the magic they make when they“re used together.（分数：25.00）

11、四、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：25.00)Arabic language is one of the world“s most widely used languages. It is the officer language of many Arab nations in the 1 Middle East and northern Africa. There are two types of Arabic, spoken and written. Spoken Arabic comprises of dialects in 2 different areas of the Ar

12、abic-speaking world. These dialects can be rough divided into Gulf, Iraqi, Levantine, Maghrebi, North 3 Egyptian, Saudi, South Egyptian and Sudanese, and Tunisian. These dialect areas can be subdivided farther. Written Arabic 4 serves as the standard written language of all Arab nations. It is the d

13、escendant of the language of the Quran, the scared book of the 5 Islamic religion. Arabs use a spoken form of written Arabic for radio and TV news broadcasts, and in plays and motion pictures. This form also serves as a common spoken language for Arabs who speaks different dialects. Arabic belongs t

14、o the Semitic 6 language groups, and is thus related to Hebrew and Ethiopic. The Arabic alphabet has 28 symbols. The alphabet is written from right to left or from the top of the page to the bottom. The alphabet appears in the ALPHABET article. No one knows when Arabic originally developed, and peop

15、le 7 of the Arabian Peninsula were the first use it. During the A.D. 8 600s, Islam spread throughout southwestern Asia and northern Africa, and the Arabic language was introduced in these areas. Since the mid-1900s, many Arab countries have played 9 increasingly important role in world affairs. In a

16、 result, Arabic has 10 become a major language in international business and politics.（分数：25.00）五、Passage 4(总题数：1，分数：25.00)More than 2,000 years ago, the philosopher Socrates wandered around Athens asking questions, an approach to find 1 truth that thinkers venerated ever since. In modern times, the

17、 2 Socratic method was adapted for use in universities and became the dominant form of instruction for students learning philosophy and the law. The most recently national survey on the subject 3 found that 97% of law-school professors use the Socratic method in first-year classes. Socratic dialogue

18、s seem to work for the 4 ancient Greeks. Are they efficient for people today? Recently, a 5 group of researchers decided to find out. In a study published in the December 2011 issue of the journal Mind, Brain, and Education, four cognitive scientists from Argentina describe what happened when they a

19、sked contemporary high school and college students a series of questions identified to 6 those posed by Socrates. In one of his most famous lessons, Socrates showed a young slave boy with a square, then led him 7 through a series of 50 questions intended to teach the boy how to draw the second squar

20、e with an area twice as large as the first. Students in the 2011 experiment, led by researcher Andrea Goldin, gave answers astonishing similar to those offered by Socrates“ 8 pupils, even making the same mistakes he made. “Our results 9 show that the Socratic dialogue is built on a strong intuition

21、of human knowledge and reasoning which persist more than 10 twenty-four centuries after its conception,“ the researchers write. Their findings, Goldin and his co-authors add, demonstrate the existence of “human cognitive universals traversing time and cultures.“（分数：25.00）专业八级-149 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间

22、：90 分钟)一、PROOFREADDING & ERRO(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：25.00)English is one of the world“s most widely spoken languages. This is partly because it was the language of the British Empire. The empire once controlled so much of the world when it was said 1 that the Sun never set on the Britis

23、h Empire. England, the birthplace of English, takes on most of the island 2 of Great Britain. It is one of the four land that form the United 3 Kingdom. The English that people speak there today is quite differed from the English that was spoken long ago. If you were 4 read a book by Geoffrey Chauce

24、r, one of the early writers of 5 English, someone would have to explain it to you what many 6 words mean. England has product many famous writers since Chaucer. 7 They include such poets as John Milton and Percy Bysshe Shelley and such novelists as Jane Austen and Charles Dickens. England is also kn

25、own for its theater. That art has remained important since the time of playwright William Shakespeare some 400 years ago. England“s Oxford and Cambridge are two of the oldest universities in the world. The country“s contributions of classical and folk 8 music, as well as to rock and roll, are also i

26、mportant. It“s not hard 9 to imagine what rock would be like if there hadn“t been English performers such as the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, and David Bowie. The English also discovered two of the world“s most 10 popular sports: football (known as “soccer“ in the United States) and cricket.（分数：25.0

27、0）解析：whenthat解析 语法错误。根据句意“英国曾经控制世界如此多的地方”以及“它被称为日不落大英帝国”可知，从句并不表示主句发生的时间，而是主句的结果，so. that.引导结果状语从句，表示“如此以致”，放在此处符合句意，故将 when改为 that。解析：onup解析 词汇错误。take on 的意思为“呈现；承担”，用于此处，句意不通。take up 意为“占据”，放在这里表示“英格兰占据了大不列颠岛的很大一部分”，故将 on改为 up。解析：landlands解析 词汇错误。在“one of+名词”的结构中，名词需要用复数形式。故将 land改为 lands。land 作名词

28、表示“陆地，大地，地域”时为不可数名词，此处为可数名词，意为“国土”。解析：differeddifferent解析 词汇错误。如果用 differ表示 A与 B不同，需用 A differs from B句型，且前面不能加系动词，故此处用 is differed from不妥。be different from 为固定表达，也表示“与不同”，故将 differed改为 different。解析：readto解析 语法错误。were read 为动词过去式的被动语态，此处“你”和读书在逻辑上是主动关系，故此种说法有误。根据 if可以猜测这里是用虚拟语气，表示对将来情况的主观推测，主句为 shou

29、ld/would/could/might+do，从句用 if+主语+were to do 的形式。此处符合这种用法，故加上to，整句意为“如果你要读一本杰弗里乔叟(英国早期作家之一)的书，你不得不接受某人为你解释其中许多词语的意思。”解析：it it 解析 语法错误。explain 的用法为 explain sth.to sb.，在此用法中宾语也可以放到to sb.的后面，即为 explain to sb. sth.，本句中 what引导的从句作解释的内容，因此本行中的 it多余，故删除。解析：productproduced解析 词汇错误。product 为名词，意为“产品，产物”，其后又紧接

30、一个名词结构 many famous writers。假设 has是作谓语，但其也不能接双宾语。根据提示词 since，可以推测此处主句需要用现在完成时，故把 product，改为其动词的过去分词形式 produced，与 has一起构成完成时态，表示“已经产生”。解析：ofto解析 词汇错误。contributions to.为固定搭配，表示“对的贡献”，根据后面的as well as可知，这里与 to rock and roll是一致、相呼应的，故将 of改为 to。解析：not not 解析 语篇错误。前一句提到英国对流行和古典音乐也有重要的贡献，所以可以推断“如果没有英国著名的表演者例

31、如披头士”，应该是“难”以想象摇滚乐会如何发展。若用 not hard，则与文章语义相反，不符合逻辑，应将 not删掉。解析：discoveredinvented解析 词汇错误。discover 指以前存在的东西被人发现了，用于此不符合句意。根据常识，足球和板球是之前没有的，是新发明的，故将 discovered改为 invented。三、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：25.00)Poetry can be compared to painting. When you look at a work of art, you first see it for what it isa dep

32、iction of a person, an animal, a place, or a thing. You“ll notice the colors and the textures, and maybe how the light shines across a window or 1 highlights a patch of flowers. These are the things what you see on 2 the surface. Then you look a little close at some of the fine details. 3 How did th

33、e painter make white paint to look silver against blue 4 drapery? How did the artist catch that sad look in the eyes of the child? How on earth did it actually make an apple look so real that 5 you could always reach out and grab it off the table? 6 Now what about abstract art? What do you see in th

34、ese paintings? Strange shapes and images-are they recognized? Do 7 they make you feel a certain way? When you look at abstract art, maybe you don“t necessary see as much as you are actually feeling. To some people, poetry is like abstract art. Some people feel that poetry is too objective to the art

35、ist for the reader to be able to 8 fully understand it. How can you make the sense of words that 9 don“t necessarily say a story? To appreciate art, you must first 10 appreciate your own sensibilities, and then you must appreciate form and texture. With poetry, you start with an appreciation of and

36、trust for your own feelings, and then you examine your appreciation of words and the magic they make when they“re used together.（分数：25.00）解析：acrossthrough解析 词汇错误。此处表达的是“你将注意到阳光如何穿过窗户”。across 指“从某物表面穿过”，例如：across the street(穿过马路)。而表示“从某物里面穿过”时需要用through，这里阳光是从窗户中穿过，故需要将 across改为 through。解析：whatthat/w

37、hich 或 what what 解析 语法错误。本句的主干部分为 These are the things, you see on the surface为定语从句，修饰先行词 things，在该定语从句中，引导词在从句中作 see的宾语，故引导词应改为 that/which或者省略。解析：closecloser解析 词汇错误。前文提到“观看艺术品，首先看的是表面的东西”，此句表明“然后近一点看这些小细节”，由此可以看出，从“看表面”到“看细节”，距离由远及近，两种情况相对比，这里应该是表示“更近一点”，故将 close改为其比较级 closer。解析：to to 解析 语法错误。根据上下文

38、语义，make 在此作使役动词，意为“使”。当谓语为使役动词时，若不定式作宾补，此时需省略不定式符号 to，即 make sb. do sth.，故需删除 to。解析：ithe解析 语法错误。上一行说“艺术家如何捕捉孩子眼中的悲伤?”而本行提到“它到底如何使得(画上去的)苹果如此真实?”可看出本行的“它”指的就是前两句分别提到的 the painter和the artist，都是指人，故需将 it改为 he。解析：alwaysalmost解析 词汇错误。前半句说“艺术家如何使得(画上去的)苹果如此真实”，可见苹果并不是真实存在的，因此不可能“总是”伸出手并把它从桌子上拿下来，always 用于

39、此不妥。而almost，表示“几乎”，用在此处，体现了艺术家所画苹果的逼真。解析：recognizedrecognizable解析 词汇错误。recognized 是指“认出”以前认识的人或物，而recognizable意为“(某物)可识别的”，这些奇怪的形状和意象应该是以前没有看过的，故用recognizable合适，因此将 recognized改为 recognizable。解析：objectivesubjective解析 语篇错误。这段首句提到“对于某些人来说，诗歌好似抽象艺术”，而依据本句的句型 too. to.(太而不能)可以推测，这里“诗歌不能让读者充分理解”应该是因为其太具有作者

40、的“主观任意性”。objective 表示“客观的”，即不带个人感情色彩的，这样应该是不会造成大众的理解困难，故此处用 objective不符合语义。另外 abstract与 subjective在语义上也是相关联的词，故将 objective改为 subjective。解析：the the 解析 词汇错误。make sense of sth.为固定搭配，意为“弄明白”，表示理解或弄懂困难的或无法理解的事物，sense 前不需要加冠词，故将 the删除。注意此短语若无 of，则表示其他含义，make sense 意为“有意义；有道理”。解析：saytell解析 词汇错误。tell 意为“告诉、

41、讲述”，指某人把某一件事、一条信息告诉别人或讲述一件事。say 着重说话的内容，后面一般接具体的话。tell a story 为固定搭配，意为“讲故事”，故将 say改为 tell。四、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：25.00)Arabic language is one of the world“s most widely used languages. It is the officer language of many Arab nations in the 1 Middle East and northern Africa. There are two types of Ara

42、bic, spoken and written. Spoken Arabic comprises of dialects in 2 different areas of the Arabic-speaking world. These dialects can be rough divided into Gulf, Iraqi, Levantine, Maghrebi, North 3 Egyptian, Saudi, South Egyptian and Sudanese, and Tunisian. These dialect areas can be subdivided farther

43、. Written Arabic 4 serves as the standard written language of all Arab nations. It is the descendant of the language of the Quran, the scared book of the 5 Islamic religion. Arabs use a spoken form of written Arabic for radio and TV news broadcasts, and in plays and motion pictures. This form also s

44、erves as a common spoken language for Arabs who speaks different dialects. Arabic belongs to the Semitic 6 language groups, and is thus related to Hebrew and Ethiopic. The Arabic alphabet has 28 symbols. The alphabet is written from right to left or from the top of the page to the bottom. The alphab

45、et appears in the ALPHABET article. No one knows when Arabic originally developed, and people 7 of the Arabian Peninsula were the first use it. During the A.D. 8 600s, Islam spread throughout southwestern Asia and northern Africa, and the Arabic language was introduced in these areas. Since the mid-

46、1900s, many Arab countries have played 9 increasingly important role in world affairs. In a result, Arabic has 10 become a major language in international business and politics.（分数：25.00）解析：officerofficial解析 词汇错误。officer 意为“长官，官员”，用于此处，句意不通。“官方语言”应用 official language来表示，故将 officer改为 official。解析：of o

47、f 或 comprisesconsists 解析 词汇错误。comprise 为及物动词，表示“由组成”，后面不需要跟介词 of，故将 of删除。此外，consists of 也表示“由组成”，因此本题也可将comprises改为 consists。解析：roughroughly解析 词汇错误。形容词 rough不能修饰动词 divided，故此处需将形容词 rough改为副词形式 roughly，表示“粗略地，大致地”。解析：fartherfurther解析 词汇错误。farther 意为“更远的”，通常用以表示具体地理空间的距离，用于此处，明显不妥。只有 further可用以表示抽象意义的

48、“更加”或“进一步”的意思，故此处需要用 further。解析：scaredsacred解析 词汇错误。逗号后面的 the. book是作 Quran(古兰经)的同位语，对其进行补充说明。过去分词 scared作形容词表示“害怕的”，而形容词 sacred意为“神圣的”，古兰经是伊斯兰宗教中的圣书，故用 sacred符合语义。解析：speaksspeak解析 语法错误。分析句子结构，who 引导的定语从句修饰 Arabs，根据主谓一致的原则，此处动词应该配合复数名词 Arabs而改为复数形式 speak。解析：andbut解析 语篇错误。根据句意“没人知道阿拉伯语最初发展于何时”以及“阿拉伯半

49、岛的人最先使用它”，可看出两个分句之间并非是并列关系，而是转折关系，故将 and改为 but。解析：firstto解析 语法错误。在 people.use it中谓语动词为 were，故 use不能用动词原形，只能用动词的非谓语形式。此处在 use前加 to，用不定式作后置定语修饰 the first，表示“最先使用阿拉伯语的人”，符合上下文语义。解析：playedan解析 词汇错误。play a role in.是固定搭配，意为“在方面起作用”。此处的 played后面缺少不定冠词，且由于 increasingly是以元音开头的词，故需要在 played后加上不定冠词 an。解析：InAs解析 词汇错误。as a result 为固定搭配，意为“作为结果，因此”，故将 In改为 As。此处意为“因此，阿拉伯语已经成为目前国际经济和政治中使用的一门主要语言。”五、Passage 4(总题数：1，分数：25.00)More than 2,000 years ago, the philosopher Socrates wandered aroun