职称英语综合类C级-58及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语综合类 C级-58 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Their business Uflourished/U at its new location a year later owing to their joint efforts and hard work. A. prevailed B. failed C. boomed D. shrank（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Nuclear power, with all its inherent problems, is still th

2、e only Uoption/U to guarantee enough energy in the future. A. solution B. policy C. choice D. reason（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.The promised wage increase is being Uheld back/U while it is examined by the government to see if it is greater than the law allows. A. dismissed B. delayed C. neglected D. rejected

3、（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Safety officials have Uearnestly/U questioned whether the increased use of synthetic materials heightens the risk of fire. A. cautiously B. severely C. accurately D. seriously（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.The book shifted her Uoutlook/U from social to spiritual, for its theme was that before

4、 you change other people you have to change yourself. A. viewpoint B. vocation C. prospect D. preference（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.All information reported to or Ulikewise/U obtained by the commission is considered confidential. A. in a similar way B. in another way C. in a direct way D. in an unauthorized

5、way（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.The legislative Uprovision/U has a great impact on the operations of the department. A. law B. passage C. revision D. clause（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.In spite of a problem with the Ufaulty/U equipment, some very useful work was accomplished. A. imperfect B. temporary C. emergency D. r

6、einstalled（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.Talks on climate change resumed in the German city of Bonn on July 16 to Ucombat/U global warming. A. focus on B. settles down C. fight against D. sum up（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Bob believes that the invasion of the marketplace into the university is undermining fundamental a

7、cademic values, and that we must act now to Uhalt/U this decline. A. lace B. plug C. cease D. digest（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.He failed to Ucarry out/U some of the provisions of the contract, and now he has to take charge of the consequences. A. answer for B. run into C. abide by D. step into（分数：1.00）A.B.

8、C.D.12.The wealth of a country should be measured Uin the light of/U the health and happiness of its people as well as the material goods it can produce. A. in line with B. in terms of C. in regard to D. in case of（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.I tried very hard to persuade him to join our groups but I met wit

9、h Uflat refusal/U. A. disapproval B. rejection C. refusal D. decline（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.It is strictly Uprohibited/U that access to confidential documents is denied to all but a few. A. secured B. forbidden C. regulated D. determined（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.Ms. Breen has been living in town for only one

10、year, yet she seems to Ube familiar with/U everyone who comes to the store. A. accepted B. admitted C. admired D. acquainted（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、B第 2部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)The Spanish Flu EpidemicIf youre worried about the possibility of a coming bird flu epidemic, you can take comfort in the fact th

11、at humanity has survived a similar influenza epidemic in the past. Starting its rounds at the end of World War , the 1918 flu killed an estimated 50 million people.Popularly known as the Spanish Flu, this type of influenza was far worse than your common cold. Normally, influenza only kills those who

12、 are more vulnerable to disease, such as newborns, the old or the sick. However, the Spanish Flu was prone to killing the young and healthy. Often it would disable its victims in hours; within a day, they would be dead, typically from extreme cases of pneumonia (肺炎).The Spanish Flu was quite nasty-f

13、ast-spreading and deadly. It managed to spread across the globe, devastating the world. Then suddenly, after two years ravaging (蹂躏) the Earth, it disappeared as quickly as it had arisen.Despite its nickname, the Spanish Flu did not originate in Spain. Its true origins are unknown. Some believe it s

14、tarted in US forts and then spread to Europe as America joined the war; others think that it populated the trenches of the English and the French and eventually broke out in 1918. Regardless of where it started, eventually a fifth of the world population suffered the disease, with a global mortality

15、 rate (死亡率) estimated at 2.5% of the population.Modernity was partly to blame for the quick spread of the disease. It passed throughout the world on trade routes and shipping lines. It hit Northern America, Europe, Asia, Africa and the South Pacific. The war did not help at all-the movement of suppl

16、ies and troops aided the spread of the Spanish Flu, as well as the trench warfare. Imagine the speed at which a virus can spread in a crowded ditch. The fast emergence of the virus in the trenches caused some soldiers to believe that the Spanish Flu was a new form of biological warfare.Luckily, the

17、Spanish Flu simply vanished by 1920. It is believed the flu simply ran out of fuel to spread.（分数：7.00）(1).The Spanish Flu started during World War . A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The Spanish Flu posed a greater threat to the old and the sick. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention

18、ed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).As the Spanish Flu was spreading, people in Australia were worried. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The Spanish Flu disappeared two years after it broke out. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The Spanish Flu was named after the place

19、 where it started. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).About half of the people in the world suffered from the Spanish Flu. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7).Biological warfare originated in the 20th century. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.

20、三、B第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Air Transportation1. Airplanes are used to carry passengers, cargo and mail. Air transport companies operate scheduled airlines and non-scheduled services over local, regional, national, and international routes. The aircraft operated by these companies range from sm

21、all single-engine planes to large multiengine jet transports.2. The first air passenger services began in 1910, when dirigibles began operation between several German cities. The first scheduled airplane service to carry passengers began in the U.S. in 1914. Several experimental airmail flights took

22、 place in India, Europe, and the United States before World War I, but air transport service did not become a true business until after the war.3. During World War Two, intercontinental air transport became firmly established. After the war, the new long-distance transports with advanced facilities

23、were increasingly able to avoid storms and strong wind and make flights more economical and consistent. A new generation of “jumbo-jet“ transports began operations in 1970, and the supersonic transport entered passenger service in 1976.4. During the 1970s the number of domestic passengers on U.S. ai

24、rlines increased about 78%, and during the I980s the figure was up about 58%. In 1990 there were 41.8 million international passengers, the figure was a 75% increase over 1980. The total cargo flown by U.S. airlines almost doubled during the 1980s, from 5.7 billion to 10.6 billion ton-miles in 1990.

25、5. Major airports provide a wide range of facilities for the convenience of millions of travelers. These range from such basic services as ticket-sales counters and restaurants to luxury hotels, shopping centers and play areas for children. International airports must also have customs areas and cur

26、rency exchange counters and so on.A. Airport servicesB. Training of pilotsC. Beginning periodD. Rapid growth in the U.S.E. DevelopmentF. Competition（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).A.

27、in the development of air transportation B. the earliest passenger flights were successfully operated C. to make travel easy and pleasant for the passengers D. to provide different services E. the shortage of qualified pilots F. traveling by air was very cheap Air transport companies use different p

28、lanes _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).The United States was the country where _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).The forty years from the 1930s to the 1970s was an important period _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Nowadays airports provide all kinds of services _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、B第一篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)

29、Internet-based InstructionBy almost any measure, there is a boom in Internet-based instruction. In just a few years, 34 percent of American universities have begun offering some form of distance learning (DL), and among the larger schools, its closer to 90 percent. If you doubt the popularity of the

30、 trend, you probably havent heard of the University of Phoenix. It grants degrees entirely on the basis of online instruction. It enrolls 90,000 students, a statistic used to support its claim to be the largest private university in the country.While the kinds of instruction offered in these program

31、s differ, DL usually signifies a course in which the instructors post syllabi (课程大纲), reading assignments, and schedules on Websites, and students send in their assignments by e-mail. Generally speaking, face-to-face communication with an instructor is minimized or eliminated altogether.The attracti

32、on for students might at first seem obvious. Primarily, theres the convenience promised by courses on the Net: you can do the work, as they say, in your pajamas (睡衣). But figures indicate that the reduced effort results in a reduced commitment to the course. While drop-out rates for all freshmen at

33、American universities is around 20 percent, the rate for online students is 35 percent. Students themselves seem to understand the weaknesses inherent in the setup. In a survey conducted for Cornell, the DL division of Cornell University, less than a third of the respondents expected the quality of

34、the online course to be as good as the classroom course.Clearly, from the schools perspective, theres a lot of money to be saved. Although some of the more ambitious programs require new investments in servers and networks to support collaborative software, most DL courses can run on existing or min

35、imally upgraded (升级) systems. The more students who enroll in a course but dont come to campus, the more the school saves on keeping the lights on in the classrooms, paying doorkeepers, and maintaining parking lots. And, while theres evidence that instructors must work harder to run a DL course for

36、a variety of reasons, they wont be paid any more, and might well be paid less.（分数：15.00）(1).What is the most striking feature of the University of Phoenix? A. All its courses are offered online. B. Its online courses are of the best quality. C. It boasts the largest number of students on campus. D.

37、Anyone taking its online courses is sure to get a degree.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the passage distance learning is basically characterized by _. A. a considerable flexibility in its academic requirements B. the great diversity of students academic backgrounds C. a minimum or total absence o

38、f face-to-face instruction D. the casual relationship between students and professors（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Many students take Internet-based courses mainly because they can _. A. earn their academic degrees with much less effort B. save a great deal on traveling and boarding expenses C. select course

39、s from various colleges and universities D. work on the required courses whenever and wherever（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What accounts for the high drop-out rates for online students? A. There is no strict control over the academic standards of the courses. B. The evaluation system used by online universi

40、ties is inherently weak. C. There is no mechanism to ensure that they make the required effort. D. Lack of classroom interaction reduces the effectiveness of instruction.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to the passage, universities show great enthusiasm for DL programs for the purpose of _. A. buildin

41、g up their reputation B. cutting down on their expenses C. upgrading their teaching facilities D. providing convenience for students（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、B第二篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)How does Science Proceed?How exactly does science work? How do scientists go about “doing“ science? Ordinarily we think science

42、 proceeds in a straightforward way. Ideally, scientists make observations, formulate hypotheses, and test those hypotheses by making further observations. When there is difference between what is observed and what is predicted by the hypothesis, the hypothesis is reviewed. Science proceeds in this w

43、ay, which is a gradual method of finding the best fit between observation and prediction.But this idealized version of how one “does“ science is naive. Although science demands proof that observations made by one observer be observable by other observers using the same methods. It is by no means cle

44、ar that even when confronted with identical phenomena different observers will report identical observations. And it is most certain that even if the same observations are made, the conclusions as to the meaning of the observations frequently differ.The fact is that all of us scientists included, se

45、e differently. Variations in human perception are well known and have been studied extensively. Distortions in perceptions are frequently seen among observers, even though they may be in identical settings viewing identical phenomena. A documented misperception from history can be found in the exper

46、ience of Darwin. His ship, Beagle, after anchoring off the Patagonian coast, sent off a landing party in small rowboats. Amazingly, the Patagonian natives watching from shore were blind to the Beagle, but could easily see the tiny rowboats. They have no prior experience of huge sailing ships, but sm

47、all rowing vessels were an everyday part of their life. Rowboats fit their model of the world but huge ships did not. Their model determined their perceptions.Our ideas that science proceeds on an utterly objective and straightforward basis ignores the distortions of reality imposed by our own perce

48、ptual apparatus. In many cases we see what we have been trained to see, what we are used to seeing. If a subject is fitted with special glasses that are designed to invert the visual field, at first the subject sees everything upside down. After a period of time, as the glasses continue to be worn, a correction is made by our pe