职称英语综合类B级-53及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语综合类 B级-53 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy.A. * B. taking C. discussing D. expecting（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.The room was furnished with the simplest essentials, a bed, a chair, and a table.A. supplied B. gathered C. gra

2、sped D. made（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Enamel, the hardest substance in a human beings body, covers the entire crown of the tooth.A. whole B. inseparable C. superficial D. main（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.I catch cold now and then.A. always B. occasionallyC. constantly D. regularly（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.The policemen act

3、ed quickly because lives were at stake.A. in danger B. in difficulty C. in despair D. out of control（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.The article sketched the major events of the decade.Adescribed BofferedCoutlined Dpresented（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.The little boy was sad because he had made a big mistake.A. large B. se

4、rious C. good D. bad（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.Our statistics show that we consume all that we are capable of producingA. waste B. buyC. useD. sell（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.The Americans recognize that the UN can be the channel for greater diplomatic activity.A. place B. medium C. resort D. tunnel（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.

5、10.Many forms of cancer can be cured if detected earlyA. selectedB. operatedC. developedD. discovered（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.The policeman wrote down all the particulars of the accident. A. secretsB. details C. benefits D. words（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.He was persuaded to give up the idea.A. mention B. accep

6、tC. consider D. drop（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.The plane will be taking off in approximately 10 minutes.A. about B. possibly C. probably D. rarely（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.Your dog needs at least 20 minutes of vigorous exercise every day Aphysical Benergetic Cregular Dfree（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.Why cant you stop yo

7、ur eternal complaining?A. long B. everlasting C. temporary D. boring（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)On British NewspapersBesides the daily newspapers, there are a number of Sunday newspapers in Britain. Many of them are connected with the “dailies“, though not run by the same editor and

8、his members. The Sunday papers are larger than the daily papers and usually contain more articles concerned with comment (评论) and general information rather than news. The national daily and Sunday papers have the largest circulation(发行) in the world. Of the Sunday papers, the Observer and the Sunda

9、y Times are the best known.It is a regrettable fact that the number of magazines of a literary or political nature has dropped down since the war. This has probably been caused by the ever-wider use of radio and television. The most successful magazines are those published for women. Their covers ar

10、e designed to catch the eye, and they certainly succeed in doing so! They offer their readers articles on cookery (烹饪法), fashion, needlework, and many other matters of women interest. They also provide advice to those in love, and adventures with handsome heroes. Some womens magazines also include s

11、erious articles of more general interest.The visitor who looks at the magazines displayed in a large bookstall (书摊) which may be found in an important railway station will notice that there is a wide variety of technical or semitechnical(半专业的) books and magazines. There are magazines for the motoris

12、t, the farmer, the gardener, the nurse, and many others.There are many local and regional newspapers. It is common in Britain for a news agent(报刊经售人) to deliver (投递) the morning papers to his customers for a small extra payment, this service is usually performed by boys and girls who want to earn so

13、me pocket-money.（分数：7.00）(1).Some Sunday newspapers may belong to the same publishing company but are not edited by the same group of people.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(2).It is obvious that daily newspapers carry more information than the Sunday papers.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not

14、 mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(3).The Observer carries more political articles than The Sunday Times.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(4).The most successful magazines in Britain are those published for women.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(5).In Britain men do not like

15、reading magazines.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(6).Bookstalls only sell technical or semi-technical magazines.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(7).Many boys and girls deliver morning newspapers to make some pocket-money.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A

16、.B.C.三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00)A. Reason for naming hurricanesB. Warning of an approaching hurricaneC. Deadly womenD. History of naming hurricanesE. Organization responsible for naming hurricanesF. Ways to track hurricanes（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 1_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:

17、_(3).Paragraph 3_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_A make new materialsB preserve wetland and animalsC have clean airD have clean waterE collect cigarette buttsF collect disposed oil（分数：4.00）(1).Joying placed the buckets at all public-access areas to _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).People are gr

18、ateful to Carter Dunham for his efforts to _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Disposed oil and many other items can be reused to _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Ryan, with the help of others, is fulfilling his dream of help African people to _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Going Her Own W

19、ayWhen she was twelve, Maria made her first important decision about the course of her life. She decided that she wanted to continue her education, Most girls from middle-class families chose to stay home after primary school,though some attended private Catholic “finishing“ schools. There they lear

20、ned a little about music,art,needlework,and how to make polite conversation. This was not the sort of education that interested Mariaor her mother. By this time,she had begun to take her studies more seriously. She read constantly and brought her books everywhere. One time she even brought her math

21、book to the theater and tried to study in the dark.Maria knew that she wanted to go on learning in a serious way. That meant attending the public high school,something that very few girls did. In Italy at the time,there were two types of high schools: the “classical“ schools and the “technical“ scho

22、ols. In the classical schools,the students followed a very traditional program of studies,with courses in Latin and Greek language and literature,and Italian literature and history1. The few girls who continued studying after primary school usually chose these schools.Maria,however,wanted to attend

23、a technical school. The technical schools were more modem than the classical schools and they offered courses in modern languages,mathematics,science,and accounting2.Most peopleincluding Marias fatherbelieved that girls would never be able to understand these subjects. Furthermore,they did not think

24、 it was proper for girls to study them.Maria did not care if it was proper or not. Math and science were the subjects that interested her most. But before she could sign up for the technical school,she had to win her father sapproval. She finally did,with her mothers help,though for many years after

25、,there was tension in the family. Marias father continued to oppose her plans,while her mother helped her.In 1883,at age thirteen,Maria entered the “Regia Scuola Tecnica Michelangelo Buonarroti“ in Rome. Her experience at this school is difficult for us to imagine. Though the courses included modern

26、 subjects,the teaching methods were very traditional. Learning consisted of memorizing long lists of facts and repeating them back to the teacher. Students were not supposed to ask questions or think for themselves in any way. Teachers were very demanding,discipline in the classroom was strict,and p

27、unishment was severe for those who failed to achieve or were disobedient.（分数：15.00）(1).Maria wanted to attend _.A. private “finishing” schoolB. school with Latin and GreekC. technical high schoolD. school for art and music（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).In those days, most Italian girls _.A. went to classical

28、schoolsB. went to “finishing” schoolsC. did not go to high schoolD. went to technical schools（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Marias father probably _.A. had very modern views about womenB. had very traditional views about womenC. had no opinion about womenD. thought women could not learn Latin（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.

29、(4).High school teachers in Italy In those days were _.A. very modernB. very intelligentC. quite scientificD. quite strict（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).We can infer from this passage that _.A. girls usually attended private primary schoolsB. only girls attended classical schoolsC. girls did not like going to

30、 schoolD. Maria was a girl of strong will（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Easy DeathIn ancient Greek, the term euthanatos meant “easy death“. Today euthanasia (安乐死) generally refers to mercy killing, the voluntary (自愿) ending of the life of someone who is terminally ill. Like abortion, euthanas

31、ia has become a legal, medical, and moral issue over which opinion is divided.Euthanasia can be either active or passive. Active euthanasia means that a physician or other medical personnel takes an action that will result in death, such as giving an overdose of deadly medicine. Passive euthanasia m

32、eans letting a patient die for lack of treatment, or stopping the treatment that has begun. Examples of passive euthanasia include taking patients off a breathing machine or removing other life-support systems. Stopping the food supply is also considered passive.A good deal of the debate about mercy

33、 killing originates from the decision-making process. Who decides whether a patient is to die? This issue has not been solved legally in the United States. The matter is left to state law, which usually allows the physician in charge to suggest the option of death to a patients relatives, especially

34、 if the patient is brain dead. In an attempt to make decisions about when their own lives should end, several terminally ill patients in the early 1990s used a controversial suicide device, developed by Dr. Jack Kevorkian, to end their lives.In parts of Europe, the decision-making process has become

35、 very flexible. Even in cases where the patients are not brain dead, patients have been put to death without their approval at the request of relatives or at the suggestion of physicians. Many cases of passive euthanasia involve old people or newborn infants. The principle justifying this practice i

36、s that such individuals have a “life not worthy of life“.In countries where passive euthanasia is not legal, the court systems have proved very tolerant in dealing with medical personnel who practice it. In Japan, for example, if physicians follow certain guidelines they may actively carry out mercy

37、 killings on hopelessly ill people. Courts have also been somewhat tolerant of friends or relatives who have assisted terminally ill patients to die.（分数：15.00）(1).A terminally ill patient is one who_.A. gets worse every day B. can never get well againC. is very seriously ill in the end D. is too ill

38、 to want to live on（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The difference between active and passive euthanasia is whether_.A. there is an action that speeds up the death of the patientB. the breathing machine is taken off the patientC. an overdose of deadly medicine is usedD. the patient is denied food supply（分数：3.00

39、）A.B.C.D.(3).According to the passage, who has/have the legal responsibility to decide on euthanasia?A. The national or state government. B. The patients relatives.C. Physicians in charge of the patient. D. The answer varies from country to country.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The principle justifying passi

40、ve euthanasia in Europe is that terminally ill patients are_.A. living a life without consciousnessB. living a life that can hardly be called lifeC. too old or too weak to live onD. too old or too young to approve of euthanasia（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The attitude of the writer toward euthanasia is_.A.

41、negative B. positive C. objective D. casual（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Eating Meat-Less or More?Every second in the United States alone, more than 250 animals are slaughtered for food, adding up to more than 8 billion animals each year. Reducing the amount of meat in ones diet is nutrition

42、ally, environmentally, and ethically beneficial.People who eat meat usually have weaker immune systems compared to those of vegetarians. Meat has been directly linked to diabetes, obesity, arthritis, and many other illnesses. Furthermore, meat-eaters are at a higher risk for diseases, including canc

43、er, and they are more likely to die from these diseases. Critics say that a meatless diet does not provide enough nutrients, especially protein and iron. Actually, according to A Teens Guide to Going Vegetarian, by Judy Krizmanic, protein is found in almost every food, and iron appears in many veget

44、ables. Getting enough nutrients in a meat-reduced diet should not be difficult. A 1988study found that some of the highest pesticide residues appear in meat and eggs. Diets including more fruits and vegetables will only make people healthier.Some skeptics believe that there will he a shortage of foo

45、d if animals are not eaten. In fact, the opposite is true. More than 80% of the corn and 95% of the oats grown in the U. S. are fed to livestock. The worlds cattle alone consume enough food to equal the caloric needs of 8.7 billion people, more than the entire human population. One half of the water

46、 used in the Unites States also goes to livestock； 2,50 gallons of water produces only 1 lb. of beef. If people eat less meat and more plants, the amount of available food will increase.Many people become vegetarians because they feel that eating animals is unethical. 90 of these animals are raised

47、in confinement. Chickens and other birds have only about half a square foot of space each, and since they are raised so close together, a lot blade is used to cut off their beaks to prevent them from pecking each other to death. Likewise, pigs that are repressed will bite each others tails, so both

48、their teeth and tails are removed as soon as they are born.Eating animals is hazardous in numerous ways. Even a slight reduction in meat intake is better than nothing at all. Consuming less meat is beneficial to the health of animals, the health of people, and to the health of the world.（分数：15.00）(1

49、).Why do some people become vegetarians?_AThey feel that eating animals is unethical.BThere are fewer livestock available due to the environmental pollution.CThe consumption of meat will lead to financial problem.DBeing a vegetarian is beneficial to the protection of water.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following statements is