职称英语综合类A级真题2014年及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语综合类 A 级真题 2014 年及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：120 分钟)一、第一部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.There was an inclination to treat geography as a less important subject. （分数：1.00）A.pointB.tendencyC.resultD.finding2.New secretaries came and went with monotonous regularity. （分数：1.00）A.amazingB.depressingC.predictableD.d

2、ull3.The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situation. （分数：1.00）A.furnishB.copyC.publishD.summarize4.The group does not advocate the use of violence. （分数：1.00）A.limitB.regulateC.opposeD.support5.The original experiment cannot be exactly duplicated. （分数：1.00）A.reproducedB.inventedC

3、.designedD.reported6.The department deferred the decision for six months. （分数：1.00）A.put offB.arrived atC.abode byD.protested against7.The symptoms of the disease manifested themselves ten days later. （分数：1.00）A.easedB.appearedC.improvedD.relieved8.That uniform makes the guards look absurd. （分数：1.00

4、）A.seriousB.ridiculousC.beautifulD.impressive9.Some of the larger birds can remain stationary in the air for several minutes. （分数：1.00）A.silentB.motionlessC.seatedD.true10.The country was torn apart by strife. （分数：1.00）A.povertyB.warC.conflictD.economy11.She felt that she had done her good deed for

5、the day. （分数：1.00）A.actB.homeworkC.justiceD.model12.A persons wealth is often in inverse proportion to their happiness. （分数：1.00）A.equalB.certainC.largeD.opposite13.His professional career spanned 16 years. （分数：1.00）A.sincereB.changedC.movedD.lasted14.His stomach felt hollow with fear. （分数：1.00）A.si

6、ncereB.respectfulC.terribleD.empty15.This was disaster on a cosmic scale. （分数：1.00）A.modestB.hugeC.commercialD.national二、第二部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)When Our Words Collide “Wanna buy a body?” That was the opening line of more than a few phone calls I got from freelance(自由职业)photographers when I was a ph

7、oto editor at U.S. News. Like many in the mainstream press, I wanted to separate the world of photographers into “them”, who trade in picture of bodies or chase celebrities, and “us”, the serious news people. But after 16 years in that role. I came to wonder whether the two worlds were easily distin

8、guishable. Working in the reputable world of journalism, I assigned photographers to cover other peoples nightmares. I justified invading moments of grief, under the guise(借口) of the readers right to know. I didnt ask photographers to trespass(冒犯) or to stalk(跟踪), but I didnt have to: I worked with

9、pros(同行) who did what others did: talking their way into situations or shooting from behind police lines to get pictures I was after. And I wasnt alone. In the aftermath of a car crash or some other hideous incident when ordinary people are hurt or killed, you rarely see photographers pushing past r

10、escue workers to capture the blood and gore(血雨腥风). But you are likely to see the local newspaper and television photographers on the scene - and fast. How can we justify our behavior? Journalists are taught to separate doing the job from worrying about the consequence of publishing what they record.

11、 Repeatedly, they are reminded of a news-business dictum(格言): leave your conscience in the office. You get the picture of the footage: the decision whether to print or air it comes later. A victim may lie bleeding, unconscious, or dead: your job is to record the image. You put away your emotions and

12、 document the scene. We act this way partly because we know that the pictures can have important meaning. Photographs can change deplorable(凄惨的) situations by mobilizing public outrage or increase public understanding. However, disastrous events often bring out the worst in photographers and photo e

13、ditors. In the first minutes and hours after a disaster occurs, photo agencies buy pictures. Often an agency buys a picture from a local newspaper or an amateur photographer and put it up for bid by major magazines. The most keenly sought “exclusives” command tens of thousands of dollars through bid

14、ding contests. Many people believe that journalists need to change the way they do things, and its our pictures that annoy people the most. Readers may not believe, as we do, that there is a distinction between sober-minded “us” and sleazy(低级庸俗的) “them”. In too many cases, by our choices of images a

15、s well as how we get them, we prove our readers right. （分数：7.00）(1).The writer never get an offer for a photograph of a dead person. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).The writer was a photographer sixteen years ago. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).The writer believes that shooting

16、peoples nightmares is justifiable. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).News photographers are usually a problem for rescue workers at an accident. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Journalists arent supposed to think about whether they are doing the right thing. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.Wrong

17、C.Not mentioned(6).Editors sometimes have to pay a lot of money for exclusive pictures. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Many people say that they are annoyed by the U.S. News pictures. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第三部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)The Storyteller 1.Steven Spielberg h

18、as always had one goal: to tell as many great stories to as many people as will listen.And thats what he has always been about.The son of a computer scientist and a pianist, Spielberg spent his early childhood in New Jersey and, later, Arizona.From the very beginning, his fertile imagination filled

19、his young mind with images that would later inspire his filmmaking. 2.Even decades later, Spielberg says he has clear memories of his earliest years, which are the origins of some of his biggest hits.He believes that E.T.is the result of the difficult years leading up to his parents 1966 divorce, “I

20、t is really about a young boy who was in search of some stability in his life.”“He was scared of just about everything,” recalls his mother, Leah Adler.“When trees brushed against the house, he would head into my bed.And thats just the kind of scary stuff he would put in films like Poltergeist.” 3.S

21、pielberg was 11 when he first got his hands on his dads movie camera and began shooting short flicks about flying saucers and World War battles.Spielbergs talent for scary storytelling enabled him to make friends.On Boy Scout camping trips, when night fell, Spielberg became the center of attention.“

22、Steven would start telling his ghost stories,” says Richard Y.Hoffman Jr., leader of Troop 294, “and everyone would suddenly get quiet so that they could all hear it.” 4. Spielberg moved to California with his father and went to high school there, but his grades were so bad that he barely graduated.

23、Both UCLA and USC film schools rejected him, so he entered California State University at Long Beach because it was close to Hollywood.Spielberg was determined to make movies, and he managed to get an unpaid, non-credit internship(实习)in Hollywood.Soon he was given a contract, and he dropped out of c

24、ollege.He never looked back. 5. Now, many years later, Spielberg is still telling stories with as much passion as the kid in the tent.Ask him where he gets his ideas, Spielberg shrugs.“The process for me is mostly intuitive (凭直觉的),” he says.“There are films that I feel I need to make, for a variety

25、of reasons, for personal reasons, for reasons that I want to have fun, that the subject matter is cool, that I think my kids will like it.And sometimes I just think that it will make a lot of money, like the sequel(续集) to Jurassic Park.” （分数：8.00）(1).A.Getting into the movie business B.Inspirations

26、for his movies C.An aim of life D.Telling stories to make friends E.The trouble of making movies F.A funny man Paragraph 1（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.(2).Paragraph 2（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.(3).Paragraph 3（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.(4).Paragraph 4（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.(5).A.making children laugh B.almost everything C

27、.a lot of money D.his childhood memories E.telling scary stories F.a number of reasons Some of Spielbergs most successful movies came from（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.(6).When Spielberg was a boy, he used to be scared of（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.(7).Spielberg is very good at （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.(8).Spielberg sa

28、ys he makes movies for（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.四、第四部分：阅读理解(总题数：3，分数：45.00)第一篇 The National Trust The National Trust in Britain plays an increasingly important part in the preservation for public enjoyment of the best that is left unspoiled of the British countryside. Although the Trust has received prac

29、tical and moral support from the Government, it is not a rich government department. It is a voluntary association of people who care for the unspoiled countryside and historic buildings of Britain. It is a charity which depends for its existence on voluntary support from members of the public. Its

30、primary duty is to protect places of great natural beauty and places of historical interest. The attention of the public was the first drawn to the dangers threatening the great old houses and the castles of Britain by the death of the Lord Lothian, who left his great seventeenth-century house to th

31、e Trust together with the 4500-acre park and estate surrounding it. This gift attracted wide publicity and started the Trusts “Country House Scheme” Under this scheme, with the help of the Government and the general public, the Trust has been able to save and make accessible to the public about 150

32、of these oil houses. Lats year, about 1.75 million people paid to visit these historic houses, usually at a very small charge. In addition to country houses and open spaces, the Trust now owns some examples of ancient wind and water mills, nature reserves, 540 farms and nearly 2500 cottages or small

33、 village houses, as well as some complete villages. In these villages no one is allowed to build, develop or disturb the old village environment in any way and all the houses are maintained in their original 16th century style. Over 4,000 acres of coastline , woodland, and hill country are protected

34、 by the Trust and no development or disturbances of any kind are permitted. The public has free access to these areas and is only asked to respect the peace, beauty and wildlife. Over the past 80 years the Trust has become a big and important organization and an essential and respected part of natio

35、nal life. It helps to preserve all that and of historical significance not only for future generations of Britons but also for the millions of tourists who each year invade Britain in search of a great historic and cultural heritage. （分数：15.00）(1).The National Trust is a （分数：3.00）A.Government agency

36、 depending on voluntary services.B.Non-profit organization depending on voluntary services.C.Government department but is not rich.D.Private organization supported by the government.(2).The National Trust is dedicated to （分数：3.00）A.Preserving the best public enjoyment.B.Providing the public with fre

37、e access to historic buildings.C.Offering better services to visitors home and abroad.D.Protecting the unspoiled countryside and historic buildings.(3).We can infer from Paragraph 2 that Lord Lothian （分数：3.00）A.Donated all his money to the Trust.B.Started the “Country House Scheme”.C.Saved many old

38、country houses in Britain.D.was influential in his time(4).All the following can be inferred from the passage EXCEPT （分数：3.00）A.The Trust is more interested in protecting the 16th century houses.B.Many people came to visit the historic houses saved by the Trust.C.Visitors can get free access to some

39、 places owned by the Trust.D.The Trust has a story which is longer than 80 years.(5).The word “invade” in Paragraph 4 is closet in meaning to （分数：3.00）A.Come in without permission.B.Enter with invitation.C.Visit in large numbers.D.Appear all of a sudden.第二篇 A New Strategy to Overcome Breast Cancer P

40、ost-menopausal(绝经后)women who walk for an hour a day can cut their chance of breast cancer significantly, a study has suggested. The report, which followed 73,000 women for 17 years, found walking for at least seven hours a week lowered the risk of the disease. The American Cancer Society team said t

41、his was the first time reduced risk was specifically linked to walking. UK experts said it was more evidence that lifestyle influenced cancer risk. A recent poll for the charity Ramblers a quarter of adults walk for no more than an hour a week,but being active is known to reduce the risk of a number

42、 of cancers. This study, published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers so your brain says: “I like this person”. But these preliminary impressions can be dead wrong. When we stereotype people, we use a less mature form of thinking (not unlike the immature thinking of a very young child) that makes si

43、mplistic and categorical impressions of others. Rather than learn about the depth and breadth of people - their history, interest, values, strengths, and true character - we categorize them as jocks(骗子), peeks(反常的人), or freaks(怪人). However, if we resist initial stereotypical impressions, we have a c

44、hance to be aware of what a person is truly like. If we spend time with a person, hear about his or her life, hopes, dreams, and become aware of our cortex, which allow us to be humane. （分数：15.00）(1).Our first impression of someone new is influenced by his or her. （分数：3.00）A.past experience.B.charac

45、ter.C.facial features.D.hobbies.(2).If you meet a stranger with familiar gestures, your brain is most likely to say （分数：3.00）A.“He is familiar and safe.”B.“He is new and potentially threatening.”C.“I like this person.”D.“This is new, I dont like this person.”(3).The word “preliminary” in Paragraph 3

46、 is closet in meaning to （分数：3.00）A.simplistic.B.stereotypical.C.initialD.categorical(4).Our thinking is not mature enough when we stereotype people because （分数：3.00）A.we neglect their depth and breadth.B.they are not all jocks, peeks, or freaks.C.our thinking is similar to that of a very young chil

47、d.D.our judgment is always wrong.(5).Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage? （分数：3.00）A.Ones physical appearance can influence our first impression.B.Our first impression is influenced by the sensitivity of our brain.C.Stereotypical impressions can be dead wron

48、g.D.We should adopt mature thinking when getting to know people.五、第五部分：补全短文(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Wrongly Convicted Man and His Accuser Tell Their Story NEW YORK,NY, January 5,2010. St.Martins Press has announced the release of the paperback edition of Picking Cotton, a remarkable true story of what noveli

49、st John Grisham calls an “account of violence, rage, redemption(救赎)，and, ultimately forgiveness.” The story began in 1987, in Burlington, North Carolina, with the rape of a young while college student named Jennifer Thompson. During her ordeal, Thompson swore to herself that she would never forget the face of her rapist, a man who climbed through the window of her apartment and assaulted her brutally._(46) When the police asked her if she could identify the assailant(袭击者)from a book of mug shots, she picked one that she was sure was correct, a