职称英语综合类A级真题2011年及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语综合类 A 级真题 2011 年及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.For some obscure reason, the simple game is becoming very popular. A. unclear B. obvious C. major D. minor（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.The sea turtles natural habitat has been considerably reduced. A. greatly B. suddenly C. general

2、ly D. slightly（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.I got a note from Moira urging me to get in touch. A. instructing B. notifying C. pushing D. inviting（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.It is possible to approach the problem in a different way. A. raise B. pose C. experience D. handle（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.The decision to invade provok

3、ed storms of protest. A. ignored B. organized C. caused D. received（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Jane said that she couldnt tolerate the long hours. A. spend B. take C. last D. stand（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.At 80, Peck was still vigorous and living in Paris. A. energetic B. happy C. alone D. busy（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.F

4、orester stared at his car, trembling with rage. A. shaking B. turning C. jumping D. shouting（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.A young man is being hailed a hero tonight after rescuing two children. A. reported B. proved C. praised D. caught（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.I wanted to ask her out but was scared that she might r

5、efuse. A. anxious B. sure C. sad D. afraid（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.At that time, we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened. A. give B. attach C. lose D. understand（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.Anderson left the table, remarking that he had some work to do. A. doubting B. saying C. thinking D. kn

6、owing（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.He asserted that nuclear power was a safe and non-polluting energy source. A. maintained B. recommended C. considered D. acknowledged（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking science courses. A. relative B. general C.

7、continuous D. sharp（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.She always finds fault with everything. A. criticizes B. simplifies C. evaluates D. examines（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)The Forbidden AppleNew York used to be the city that never sleeps. These days its the city that never smokes, drinks or does

8、 anything naughty(at least, not in public). The Big Apple is quickly turning into the Forbidden Apple.If you wanted a glass of wine with your picnic in Central Park, could you have one? No chance. Drinking alcohol in public isnt allowed. If you decided to feed the birds with the last crumbs(碎屑)of yo

9、ur sandwich, you could be arrested. Its illegal. If you went to a bar for a drink and a cigarette, that would be OK, wouldnt it? Er.no. You cant smoke in public in New York City.Whats going on? Why is the city that used to be so open-minded becoming like this? The mayor of New York is behind it all.

10、 He has brought in a whole lot of new laws to stop citizens from doing what they want, when they want.The press are shocked. Even the New York police have joined the argument. They recently spent $ 100,000 on a “Dont blame the cop campaign. One New York police officer said, “We raise money for the c

11、ity by giving people fines for breaking some very stupid laws. Its all about money. “The result is a lot of fines for minor offences. Yoav Kashida, an Israeli tourist, fell asleep on the subway. When he woke up, wo police officers fined him because he had fallen asleep on two seats(you mustnt use tw

12、o seats in the subway). Elle and Serge Schroitman were fined for blocking a driveway with their car. It was their own driveway.The angry editor of Vanity Fair magazine, Graydon Carter. says, “Under New York City law it is acceptable to keep a gun in your place of work, but not an empty ashtray. “He

13、should know. The police came to his office and took away his ashtray(烟灰缸).But not all of New Yorks inhabitants are complaining. Marcia Dugarry, 72, said, “The city has changed for the better. If more cities had these laws, America would be a better place to live. “Nixon Patotkis, 38, a barman, said

14、, “I like the new laws. If people smoked in here, wed go home smelling of cigarettes. “Recent figures show that New York now has fewer crimes per 100,000 people than 193 other US cities. And its trueits safer, cleaner and more healthy than before. But lets be honestwho goes to New York for its clean

15、 streets?（分数：7.00）(1).Some activities have recently become illegal in New York.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).It is now illegal to smoke or drink alcohol anywhere in New York.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Eating apples in the park is illegal.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentio

16、ned(4).The businessmen like the new laws.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Elle and Serge Schroitman parked their car on the public driveway.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).The editor of Vanity Fair magazine thinks some of the new laws are stupid.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentio

17、ned(7).New York is cleaner and safer than before.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00)Are You a Successful Leader?Almost nothing we do in this world is done in isolation. At work or at play, you will find yourself in groups, working with other people: your team at w

18、ork, a meeting with colleagues, your family, a holiday with friends, a group of students working together, a day out walking in the mountains, a group of neighbours wanting to make changes. It is now recognised that being able to work successfully with other people is one of the major keys to succes

19、s, partly because we need to do it so often.In almost every situation where youre in a group, you will need a skilled leader. All groups need leaders and all successful groups have good leaders. Groups without leaders or with weak leaders al- most always break down. Members of a leaderless group oft

20、en begin to feel dissatisfied and frustrated. Time is wasted and the tasks are not achieved. There are often arguments and tensions between people as there is nobody to keep the goals clear. Some personalities dominate and others disappear. Often group members begin not to come to meetings in order

21、to avoid more disharmony.Some people are natural leaders. The celebrity chef, Antonio Carluccio says, “True leaders are born and you can spot them in kitchens. “Theyre people who combine toughness, fairness and humour. Although a lot of people agree that there are some natural-born leaders, most peo

22、ple now recognise that leadership can also be taught. Our professional and experienced staff can train almost anyone how to be a successful leader. Good leaders dont make people do things in a bossy, controlling way. You can learn how to involve everyone, encouraging the whole group to work towards

23、a common goal.Our training courses use activities and techniques to develop a range of qualities which are necessary to be a good leader. Self-confidence is vital for you to overcome your own fears about being a lead er. Successful leaders also need to be calm and intelligent. They need to be able t

24、o work out good strategies and make sound judgements under pressure. Lastly, and probably most importantly, good leaders need to be sensitive, sociable and be able to get on with a wide range of people. Good leadership is essentially the ability to influence others and good leaders allow all members

25、 of the group to contribute. A. A good leader needs a variety of qualities. B. These techniques are used to train leaders. C. Training can make good leaders. D. Most of good leaders are natural-born. E. Its important to have a good leader. F. People are in groups.（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 1 _（分数：1.00）填

26、空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ A. the ability to work with others B. encouraging group members C. lack of good leaders D. bossing people around E. working out good strategies F. overcoming fears about being a leader（分数：4.00）(

27、1).One of the major keys to success is _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Groups often break down because of _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Good leaders always avoid _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Self-confidence is the key to _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)The Smell of MoneyFor many years larg

28、e supermarkets have been encouraging us to spend money by pumping the smell of freshly-baked bread into their stores. Now Dale Air, a leading firm of aroma(香气) consultants, has been approached by Barclays Bank to develop suitable artificial smells for their banks. Researchers have suggested that sur

29、rounding customers with the “smell of money“ will encourage them to feel relaxed and optimistic and give them added confidence in the banks security and professionalism.But before a smell can be manufactured and introduced into banks air conditioning systems, it must be identified and chemically ana

30、lysed, and this has proved to be difficult. The problem is that banknotes and coins tend to pick up the smell of their surroundings. So cash that has been sitting in a cash register at a fishmongers (鱼贩)will smell of fish, and banknotes used to pay for meals in restaurants will tend to smell of food

31、.It may be a challenge, but aroma experts have little doubt that the use of artificial smells can be an effective form of subconscious advertising. Lunn Poly, a British travel company, introduced the smell of coconuts(椰子)into its travel agencies and saw a big increase in spending by holiday makers.

32、Many cafes now have electric dispensers (自动售货机) that release the smell of freshly roasted coffee near their entrances, subtly encouraging customers to come in and have a drink or snack. Even prestigious car maker Rolls-Royce has been spraying the inside of its cars to enhance the smell of the leathe

33、r seats,“The sense of smell is probably the most basic and primitive of all human senses,“ explains researcher Jim ORiordan. “There is a direct pathway from the olfactory(嗅觉的) organs in the nose to the brain. “It is certainly true that most people find certain smells incredibly strong, stirring memo

34、ries and feelings in a way that few other stimulants(刺激物)can rival. It is a phenomenon marketing consultants have long recognized, but untill recently have been unable to harness. “Weve made great progress but the technology of odour production is still in its infancy, “ says ORiordan. “Who knows wh

35、ere it will take us. /（分数：15.00）(1).Artificial smells have NOT been used in（分数：3.00）A.cafes.B.banks.C.travel agencies.D.supermarkets.(2).Researchers believe that introducing the “smell of money“ into banks will encourage people（分数：3.00）A.to spend money.B.to feel confident about banks.C.to earn more

36、money.D.to withdraw money from banks.(3).The difficulty of producing the “smell of money“ lies in that（分数：3.00）A.peoples attitudes toward money are different.B.its hard to identify and analyze it.C.no technology can do it.D.experts have no motiv(4).The word “harness“ in the last paragraph is closest

37、 in meaning to（分数：3.00）A.see.B.study.C.control.D.understan(5).Researchers think（分数：3.00）A.artificial smells help to improve peoples memory.B.the technology to produce artificial smells is in the early stage.C.artificial smells are harmful.D.the production of artificial smells is profitabl六、第二篇(总题数：1

38、，分数：15.00)Spoilt for ChoiceChoice, we are made to believe, is a right. In daily life, people have come to expect endless situations about which they are required to make decisions one way or another. In the main, these are just annoying moments at work which demand some extra energy or brainpower, o

39、r during lunch breaks like choosing which type of coffee to order or indeed which coffee shop to go to. But sometimes selecting one option as opposed to another can have serious or lifelong consequences. More complex decision making is then either avoided, postponed, or put into the hands of the arm

40、y of professionals, lifestyle coaches, lawyers, advisors, and the like, waiting to lighten the emotional burden for a fee. But for a good many people in the world, in rich and poor countries, choice is a luxury, not a right. And for those who think they are exercising their right to make choices, th

41、e whole system is merely an illusion, created by companies and advertisers wanting to sell their wares.The main impact of endless choice in peoples lives is anxiety. Buying something as basic as a coffee pot is not exactly simple. Easy access to a wide range of consumer goods induces a sense of powe

42、rlessness, even paralysis(瘫痪),in many people, ending in the shopper giving up and walking away, or just buying an unsuitable item that is not really wanted in order to solve the problem and reduce the unease. Recent surveys in the United Kingdom have shown that a sizeable proportion of electrical go

43、ods bought per household are not really needed. The advertisers and the manufacturers are, nonetheless, satisfied.It is not just their availability that is the problem, but the speed with which new versions of products come on the market. Advances in design and production mean that new items are alm

44、ost ready by the time that goods hit the shelves. Products also need to have a short lifespan so that the public can be persuaded to replace them within a short time. The classic example is computers, which are almost out dated once they are bought. At first, there were only one or two available fro

45、m a limited number of manufacturers, but now there are many companies all with not only their own products but different versions of the same machine. This makes selection a problem. Gone are the days when one could just walk with ease into a shop and buy one thing; no choice, no anxiety.The plethor

46、a(过剩)of choice is not limited to consumer items. With the greater mobility of people around the world, people have more choice about where they want to live and worka fairly recent phenomenon. In the past. nations migrated across the earth in search of food, adventure, and more hospitable environmen

47、ts. Whole nations crossed continents and changed the face of history. So the mobility of people is nothing new. The creation of nation states and borders effectively slowed this process down.（分数：15.00）(1).Sometimes people ask professionals to help them make decisions because（分数：3.00）A.the decisions

48、may have serious impact on their lives.B.only professionals have the right to do that.C.they have sufficient money to pay.D.they have emotional problems.(2).When people cannot easily decide what to buy, which of the following is the least possible choice?（分数：3.00）A.Giving up.B.Walking away.C.Buying

49、an unsuitable item.D.Seeking advic(3).Why do products have a short lifespan nowadays?（分数：3.00）A.They are of poor quality.B.They are quickly replaced with new ones.C.They have too many versions.D.They are not designed by computers.(4).How does migration today differ from that of the past?（分数：3.00）A.People now migrate