职称英语卫生类C级-61及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语卫生类 C 级-61 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.John is Ucollaborating/U with Mary in writing an article. A. cooperating B. competing C. combining D. arguing（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.He is determined to Uconsolidate/U his power. A. strengthen B. control C. abandon D. exercise（分

2、数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Many scientists have been Uprobing/U psychological problems. A. solving B. exploring C. settling D. handling（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Hearing problems may be Ualleviated/U by changes in diet and exercise habits. A. removed B. cured C. worsened D. relieved（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.And the cars are

3、 tested for Udefects/U before leaving the factory. A. functions B. faults C. motions D. parts（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.The boys Ubroke/U into excited cheering. A. burst B. blasted C. burned D. blazed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.China does Ua lot of/U trade with many countries. A. a great deal of B. a great many of C

4、. a large number of D. a great level of（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.An old friend Ucalled on/U me the day before yesterday. A. telephoned B. rang C. visited D. saw（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.We are going to have the TV Ufixed/U. A. prepared B. mended C. cleaned D. arranged（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.I am heartily Ugrateful/U

5、to your help. A. helpful B. hateful C. delightful D. thankful（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.If I made a mistake, I will try to Uremedy/U it. A. clarify B. diagnose C. evaporate D. correct（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.We Uderive/U information mainly from the Internet. A. deprive B. obtain C. descend D. trace（分数：1.00）A.B.

6、C.D.13.His sole Umotive/U was to make her happy. A. aim B. argument C. capability D. pursuit（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.He could not Utolerate/U the extremes of heat in the desert. A. bear B. hate C. like D. criticize（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.These factors interact Uintimately/U and cannot be separated. A. tensel

7、y B. nearly C. carefully D. closely（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、B第 2 部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Step Back in TimeDo you know that we live a lot longer now than the people who were born before us? One hundred years ago the average woman lived to be 45. But now, she can live until at least 80.One of the main reaso

8、ns for people living longer is that we know how to look after ourselves better. We know which foods are good for U. S. and what we have to eat to make sure our bodies get all the healthy things they need. We know why we sometimes get ill and what to do to get better again. And we know how important

9、it is to do lots of exercise to keep our hearts beating healthily.But in order that we dont slip back into bad habits, lets have a look at what life was like 100 years ago.Families had between 15 and 20 children, although many babies didnt live long. Children suffered from lots of diseases, especial

10、ly rickets (佝偻病) and scurvy (坏血病), which are both caused by bad diets. This is because many families were very poor and not able to feed their children well.Really poor families who lived in crowded cities like London and Manchester often slept standing up, bending over a piece of string, because th

11、ere was no room for them to lie down. People didnt have fridges until the 1920s. They kept fresh food cold by storing it on windowsills (窗台板), blocks of ice, or even burying it in the garden.Some children had to start work at the age of seven or eight to earn money for their parents. If you had live

12、d 100 years ago, you might well be selling matchsticks (火柴杆) (a job done by many children)or working with your dad by now.（分数：7.00）(1).On average women lived longer than men 100 years ago. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).People now enjoy longer lives for unknown reasons. A. Ri

13、ght B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A hundred years ago many kids died at all early age. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Poor diets can lead to such diseases as rickets and scurvy. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).People in the past preferre

14、d standing up to lying down when sleeping. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).An Englishman invented the fridge in the 1920s. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7).Life was not easy for many children living 100 years ago. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.0

15、0）A.B.C.D.三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Many Benefits from Cancer Organization1. Do you know a child who survived leukemia? Do you have a mother, sister or aunt whose breast cancer was found early thanks to a mammogram? Do you have a friend or coworker who quit smoking to reduce their risk of lu

16、ng cancer? Each of these individuals benefited from the American Cancer Societys research program.2. Each day scientists supported by the American Cancer Society work to find breakthroughs that will take U.S. one step closer to a cure. The American Cancer Society has long recognized that research ho

17、lds the ultimate answers to the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of cancer.3. As the largest source of nonprofit cancer research funds in the United States, the American Cancer Society devotes over $100 million each year to research. Since 1946, theyve invested more than $2.4 billion in research.

18、 The investment has paid rich dividends. In 1946, only one in four cancer patients was alive five years after diagnosis; today 60 percent live longer than five years.4. Investigators and health professionals in universities, research institutes and hospitals throughout the country receive grants fro

19、m the American Cancer Society. Of the more than 1,300 new applications received each year, only 11 percent can be funded. If the American Cancer Society had more money available for research funding, could nearly 200 more applications considered outstanding be funded each year?5. You can help fund m

20、ore of these applications by participating in the American Cancer Society Relay for Life, a team event to fight cancer. More funding means more cancer breakthroughs and more lives being saved. To learn more, call Donna Hood, chair with the Neosho Relay for Life of the American Cancer Society at 451-

21、4880.A. What Could Be Done with More MoneyB. Establishment of the American Cancer SocietyC. Significance of Funded ResearchD. Other Sources of Funding for Cancer ResearchE. Benefits Achieved Through InvestmentF. How You Can Offer Help（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.0

22、0）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).The American Cancer Societys research program has benefited _. A. lack of funding B. many cancer patients C. more lives being saved D. more than five years E. the ultimate answers F. more funding（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).The su

23、rvival period for 60% of Cancer patients today is _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).Many outstanding applications are turned down each year for _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).More cancer breakthroughs can be made with _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4 部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、B第一篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A Miracle Cancer CureUnless yo

24、u have gone through the experience yourself, or watched a loved ones struggle, you really have no idea just how desperate cancer can make you. You pray, you rage, you bargain with God, but most of all you clutch at any hope, no matter how remote, of a second chance at life.For a few excited days las

25、t week, however, it seemed as if the whole world was a cancer patient and that all humankind had been granted a reprieve. Triggered by a front-page medical news story in the usually reserved The New York Times, all anybody was talking about on the radio, on television, on the Internet, in phone call

26、s to friends and relativeswas the report that a combination of two new drugs could, as The New York Times put it, cure cancer in two years.In a matter of hours patients had jammed their doctors phone lines begging for a chance to test the miracle cancer cure. Cancer scientists raced to the phones an

27、d fax lines to make sure everyone knew about their research too, generating a new round of headlines.The time certainly seemed ripe for a breakthrough in cancer. Only last month scientists at the National Cancer Institute announced that they were halting a clinical trial of a drug called tamoxifenan

28、d offering it to patients getting the placebobecause it had proved so effective at preventing breast cancer (although it also seemed to increase the risk of uterine cancer). Two weeks later came The New York Times report that two new drugs can shrink tumors of every variety without any side effects

29、whatsoever.It all seemed too good to be true, and of course it was. There are no miracle cancer drugs, at least not yet. At this stage all the drug manufacturer can offer is some very interesting molecules, and the only cancers they have cures so far have been in mice. By the middle of last week, ev

30、en the most breathless TV talk-show hosts had learned what every scientist already knew: that curing a disease in lab animals is not the same as doing it in humans. “The history of cancer research has been a history of curing cancers in the mouse,“ Dr. Richard Klausner, head of the National Cancer I

31、nstitute, told the Los Angles Times. “We have cured mice of cancer for decadesand it simply didnt work in people.“（分数：15.00）(1).The first paragraph describes peoples _ after they know they or their loved ones have cancer. A. complex feelings B. desire to live long C. hatred of God D. love of their f

32、amily（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What caused all the people to talk about cancer? A. The New York Times published a medical news story. B. Radio broadcast a medical news story. C. TV showed a film about cancer. D. The Internet had a story about cancer.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to The New York Times re

33、port, the two drugs can _. A. cure all kinds of tumors but with side effects B. cure all kinds of tumors without side effects C. shrink all kinds of tumors but with side effects D. shrink all kinds of tumors without side effects（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What is the meaning of the statement “It all seemed

34、 too good to be true, and of course it was.“? A. The news seemed very good and real and it was good. B. The news seemed very good, but not so real, and it was false. C. The news seemed not good, but real, and it was not good. D. The news seemed not good, but real, and it was not good.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.

35、D.(5).What can the new drugs really do? A. It can cure all cancers. B. It can cure nothing. C. It can only cure cancer in mice. D. It can cure cancer in all animals.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、B第二篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)UlcersEven though ulcers appear to run in families, lifestyle plays more of a role than geneti

36、c factors in causing the illness, according to a report in the April 13th Journal of Internal Medicine.In particular, smoking and stress in men and the regular use of pain releasing medicines in women were linked with an increased risk of developing all ulcers.Overall, 61% of ulcer risk appears to b

37、e due to environmental factors, such as smoking, and the remaining 39% is due to genes according to Dr. Ismo Raiha Of the University of Turky and colleagues at the University of Helsinki, Finland. Some researchers had suggested that families may spread Helicobacteria pylori, the bacteria that can ca

38、use ulcers. However, the new study suggests this is unlikely, according to the report.Raiha and colleagues studied data from more than 13,000 pairs of twins “to examine the roles of genetic and environmental factors in the origin of peptic ulcer disease“, they explain. Both twins were more likely to

39、 develop an ulcer if the pair were genetically the same as compared with a pair of fraternal twins, suggesting that there must be some genetic susceptibility to ulcer development.However, the risk was no greater in twins living together compared with twins living apart, suggesting that shared exposu

40、re to H. pylori (幽门螺旋菌) was not to blame. “Environmental effects were not due to factors shared by family members, and they were related to smoking and stress in men and the use of analgesics in women,“ the authors wrote. “The minor effects of shared environment to disease liability do not support t

41、he concept that the grouping of risk factors, such as H. pylori infection, would explain the genetic factor of peptic ulcer disease, “they concluded.（分数：15.00）(1).According to the passage, which of the following is a very likely cause of ulcer in men? A. Smoking and stress. B. Drinking and smoking.

42、C. Genes and children. D. Use of a certain medicine.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What factors contribute to over half the ulcers? A. Hereditary factors. B. Economic factors. C. Environmental factors. D. Genetic factors.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).In relation to ulcers, experts study twins in order to examine _. A.

43、 the roles of genetic factors B. the roles of environmental factors C. the roles of both genetic and environmental factors D. the roles of brotherhood（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).“Environmental effects“ in the fifth paragraph refers to effects brought about by _. A. a clean environment B. smoking and stress

44、 in men and use of pain-killing medicine in women C. factors shared by family members such as genes and the food they eat D. shared exposure to H. pylori infection（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The passage argues that _. A. ulcers are related to genes B. ulcers are chiefly related to lifestyle C. ulcers appea

45、r in men and women D. ulcers are caused by H. pylori infection（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.七、B第三篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Pool WatchSwimmers can drown in busy swimming pools when lifeguards fail to notice that they are in trouble. The Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents says that on average 15 people drown i

46、n British pools each year, but many more suffer major injury after getting into difficulties. Now a French company has developed an artificial intelligence system called Poseidon that sounds the alarm when it sees someone in danger of drowning.When a swimmer sinks towards the bottom of the pool, the

47、 new system sends an alarm signal to a poolside monitoring station and a lifeguards pager. In trials at a pool in Ancenis, near Nantes, it saved a life within just a few months, says Alistair McQuade, a spokesman for its maker, Poseidon Technologies.Poseidon keeps watching through a network of underwater and overheard video cameras. AI software analyses the images to work out swimmers trajectories. To do this reliably, it has to tell the difference between a swimmer and the shadow of someone being cast onto the bottom or side of the pool. “The underwater envir