职称英语卫生类B级真题2012年及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语卫生类 B 级真题 2012 年及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：120 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(第 115 题，每题 1(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.These aretheir motives for doing it. （分数：1.00）A.reasonsB.excusesC.answersD.plans2.The river widens considerably as it begins to turn west. （分数：1.00）A.twistsB.stretchesC.broadensD.bends3.Henrycannot resist th

2、e lure of drugs. （分数：1.00）A.abuseB.flavorC.temptationD.consumption4. Theseprogrammes are of immense value to old people. （分数：1.00）A.naturalB.fatalC.tinyD.enormous5.A greatdeal has been done to remedy the situation. （分数：1.00）A.maintainB.improveC.assessD.protect6. John is collaborating with Mary in wr

3、iting an article. （分数：1.00）A.cooperatingB.competingC.combiningD.arguing7.He isdetermined to consolidate his power. （分数：1.00）A.strengthenB.controlC.abandonD.exercise8.Manyscientists have been probing psychologicalproblems. （分数：1.00）A.solvingB.exploringC.settlingD.handling9.Hearingproblems may be alle

4、viated by changes in diet and exercisehabits. （分数：1.00）A.removedB.curedC.worsenedD.relieved10.And thecars are tested for defects before leaving thefactory. （分数：1.00）A.functionsB.motionsC.faultsD.parts11.The foodis insufficient for three people. （分数：1.00）A.instantB.infiniteC.inexpensiveD.inadequate12

5、.Thousandsof people perished in the storm. （分数：1.00）A.diedB.sufferedC.floatedD.scattered13.But inthe end he approved of our proposal. （分数：1.00）A.undoubtedlyB.certainlyC.ultimatelyD.necessarily14.For youngchildren, getting dressed is a complicated business. （分数：1.00）A.strangeB.complexC.personalD.funn

6、y15.InBritain and many other countries appraisal is now a tool of management. （分数：1.00）A.evaluationB.efficiencyC.productionD.publicity二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(第 1622 题，每题(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Health Cars In the US Health care in the US is well-known but very expensive. Paying the doctors bill after a major illness or

7、 accident can cost hundreds of thousands of dollars. In the US, a persons company, not the government, pays for health insurance. Employers have contracts with insurance companies, which pay for all or part of employees doctors bills. The amount that the insurance company will pay out to a patient d

8、iffers wildly. It all depends on what insurance the employer pays. The less the boss pays to the insurance company, the more the employee has to pay the hospital each time he or she gets sick. In 2004, the average worker paid an extra US$558 a year, according to a San Francisco report. The system al

9、so means many Americans fall through the cracks (遭遗漏). In 2004, only 61 per cent of the population received health insurance through their employers, according to the report. The unemployed, self-employed, part-time workers and graduated students with no jobs were not included. Most US university st

10、udents have a gap between their last day of school and their first day on the job. Often, they are no longer protected by their parents insurance because they are now considered independent adults. They also cannot buy university health insurance because they are no longer students. Another group th

11、at falls through the gap of the US system is international students. All are required to have health insurance and cannot begin their classes without it. But exact policies (保险单) differ from school to school. Most universities work with health insurance companies and sell their own standard plan for

12、 students Often, buying the school plan is required, but luckily its also cheaper than buying direct from the insurance company. （分数：7.00）(1).In the US, a persons company buys him or her health insurance. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).All employees in the US have the same kind of health

13、insurance. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3). In 2004, most of the unemployed in the US were women. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).In the US, graduated students with no jobs can buy university health insurance. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).All international students i

14、n the US have to buy health insurance. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).The international students in the US work harder than the American students. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).The health care system in the US takes care of everyone in the country. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not

15、 mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(第 233(总题数：1，分数：8.00)ZYBAN Tablets(药片) 1 ZYBAN is a prescription (处方) medicine to help people quit smoking. Studies have shown that more than one third of people quit smoking for at least one month while taking ZYBAN. For many patients, ZYBAN reduces withdrawal symptoms (

16、脱瘾过程中产生的症状) and the strong wish to smoke. 2 ZYBAN should be taken as directed by your doctor. The usual recommended dosing(剂量) is to take one 150-mg tablet in the morning for the first 3 days. On the fourth day, begin taking one 150-mg tablet in the morning and one 150-mg tablet in the early evening

17、. Doses should be taken at least 8 hours apart. 3 For most patients, treatment will last 7 to 12 weeks. Because results vary, it may take longer for some people, Possibly up to 6 months depending on the individual. If youve been smoking for a long time, ZYBAN will help to reduce withdrawal symptoms.

18、 Its important to remain on ZYBAN for at least 7 to 12 weeks in order to quit for good. Your doctor should determine when to stop taking ZYBAN 4 It takes about 1 week for ZYBAN to reach the right levels in your body to be effective So, to increase your chance of quitting as much as possible, you sho

19、uld not stop smoking until you have been taking ZYBAN for 1 week. You should set a date to stop smoking during the second week youre taking ZYBAN. 5 The side effects (副作用) associated with ZYBAN are generally mild and often disappear after a few weeks. The most common side effects are dry mouth and d

20、ifficulty in sleeping. If you have difficulty sleeping, avoid taking your medicine too close to bedtime 23 Paragraph 2 _. 24 Paragraph 3 _. 25 Paragraph 4 _. 26 Paragraph 5 _. A How should I take ZYBAN? B What is ZYBAN? C What are the side effects of taking ZYBAN? D Who invented ZYBAN? E How long sh

21、ould I take ZYBAN? F How long does it take for ZYBAN to work? 27 For the first 3 days, ZYBAN should be taken _. 28 To quit smoking for good, you should take ZYBAN for _. 29 The time it takes for ZYBAN to be effective is _. 30 The side effects of taking ZYBAN often go away _. A only once a day B arou

22、nd 8 hours C at least 7 to 12 weeks D on the fourth day E about 1 week F after a few weeks （分数：8.00）A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.E.A.B.C.D.E.F.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.E.A.B.C.D.E.F.四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(第 3145 题，每题(总题数：3，分数：45.00)第一篇 Happy Therapy (诊疗) Norman Cousins was a businessman from the United States who

23、often traveled around the world on business. He enjoyed his work and traveling. Then, after returning to tile United States from a busy and tiring trip to Russia, Mr. Cousins got sick. Because he had pushed his body to the limit of its strength on the trip, a chemical change began to take place insi

24、de him. The material between his bones became weak. In less than one week after his return, he could not stand. Every move that he made was painful. He was not able to sleep at night. The doctors told Mr. Cousins that they did not know how to cure his problems and he might never get over the illness

25、. Mr. Cousins, however, refused to give up hope. Mr. Cousins thought that unhappy thoughts were causing bad chemical changes in his body. He did not want to take medicine to cure himself. Instead, he felt that happy thoughts or laughter might cure his illness. He began to experiment on himself while

26、 still in the hospital by watching funny shows on television. Mr. Cousins quickly found that ten minutes of real laughter during the day gave him two hours of pain-free sleep at night. Deciding that the doctors could not help him, Mr. Cousins left the hospital and checked into a hotel room where he

27、could continue his experiments with laughter. For eight days, Mr. Cousins rested in the hotel room watching funny shows on television, reading funny books, and sleeping whenever he felt tired. Within three weeks, he felt well enough to take a vacation to Puerto Rico where he began running on the bea

28、ch for exercise. After a few months, Mr. Cousins returned to work He had laughed himself back to health. （分数：15.00）(1).Mr. Cousins got sick after returning from （分数：3.00）A.a busy trip to the US.B.a tiring trip to Russia.C.a trip around the world.D.a trip to Puerto Rico.(2).How did the doctors respon

29、d to Mr. Cousins illness? （分数：3.00）A.They promised to cure him.B.They didnt think he was really sick.C.They told him not to give up hope.D.They said they were unable to help him in any way.(3).Mr. Cousins attributed the bad chemical changes in his body to （分数：3.00）A.unhappy thoughts.B.a severe illne

30、ss.C.weak bones.D.too much sleep.(4).What didnt Mr. Cousins do in his experiments with laughter? （分数：3.00）A.Watch funny TV shows.B.Read funny books.C.Sleep whenever he felt tired.D.Take medicine.(5).Mr. Cousins cured his own illness （分数：3.00）A.by laughing at others.B.by acting in funny shows.C.by ta

31、king a happy therapy.D.by writing funny stories.第二篇 Forty May Be the New 30 as Scientists Redefine Age Is 40 really the new 30?In many ways people today act younger than their parents did at the same age. Scientists have defined a new age concept and believe it could explain why populations are agin

32、g, but at the same time seem to be getting younger. Instead of measuring aging by how long people have lived, the scientists have factored in how many more years people can probably still look forward to. Using that measure, the average person can get younger in the sense that he or she can have eve

33、n more years to live as time goes on, said Warren Sanderson of the University of New York in Stony Brook. He and Sergei Scherbov of the Vienna Institute of Demography at the Austrian Academy of Sciences, have used their method to estimate how the proportion of elderly people in Germany, Japan and th

34、e United States will change in the future. The average German was 39.9 years old in 2000 and could plan to live for another 39.2 years, according to research reported in the journal Nature on Wednesday. However, by 2050 the average German will be 51.9 years old and will be expected to live another 3

35、7.1 years. So middle age in 2050 would occur at around 52 years instead of 40 years as in 2000. As people have more and more years to live they have to save more and plan more and they effectively are behaving as if they were younger, said Sanderson. Five years ago, the average American was 35.3 yea

36、rs old and could plan for 43.5 more years of life. By 2050, the researchers estimate it will increase to 41.7 years and 45.8 future years. A lot of our skills, our education， our savings and the way we deal with our health care depend a great deal on how many years we have to live, said Sanderson. T

37、his dimension of how many years we have to live has been completely ignored in the discussion of aging so far. （分数：15.00）(1).People 40 years of age today seem to be as young as （分数：3.00）A.their parents were at the same age.B.their parents were at the age of 30.C.their children will be at the same ag

38、e.D.their children will be at the age of 30.(2). The new age concept takes into account the factor of （分数：3.00）A.“future years. “B.“average years. “C.“past years. “D.“school years. “(3).In 2000, middle age for the average German occurred （分数：3.00）A.at 37.1 years.B.at 40 years.C.at 39.2 years.D.at 52

39、 years.(4).By 2002, the average American will live to （分数：3.00）A.the age of 41.7.B.the age of 45.8.C.the age of 78.8.D.the age of 87.5.(5).Which is NOT affected by the number of years we have to live? （分数：3.00）A.Our education.B.Our savings.C.The way we handle our health care.D.The number of years we

40、 have lived.第三篇 Is the Tie a Necessity? Ties, or neckties, have been a symbol of politeness and elegance in Britain for centuries. But the casual Prime Minister Tony Blair has problems with them. Reports suggest that even the civil servants may stop wearing ties. So, are the famously formal British

41、really going to abandon the neckties? Maybe. Last week, the UKs Cabinet Secretary Andrew Turnbull openly welcomed a tieless era. He hinted that civil servants would soon be free of the costliest 12 inches of fabric that most men ever buy in their lives. In fact, Blair showed this attitude when he ha

42、d his first guests to a cocktail party. Many of them were celebrities (知名人士) without ties, which would have been unimaginable even in the recent past. For some more conservative British, the tie is a must for proper appearance. Earlier, Labor leader Jim Callaghan said he would have died rather than

43、have his children seen in public without a tie. For people like Callaghan, the tie was a sign of being complete, of showing respect. Men were supposed to wear a tie when going to church, to work in the office, to a party - almost every social occasion. But today, people have begun to accept a casual

44、 style even for formal occasions. The origin of the tie is tricky. It started as something called simply a “band“. The term could mean anything around a mans neck. It appeared in finer ways in the 1630s. Frenchmen showed a love of this particular fashion statement. Their neckwear (颈饰) impressed Char

45、les II, the king of England who was exiled (流放) to France at that time. When he returned to England in 1660, he brought this new fashion item along with him. It wasnt, however, until the late 18th century that fancy young men introduced a more colorful, flowing piece of cloth that eventually became

46、known as the tie. Then, clubs, military institutions and schools began to use colored and patterned ties to indicate the wearers membership in the late 19th century. After that, the tie became a necessary item of clothing for British gentlemen. But now, even gentlemen are getting tired of ties. Anyw

47、ay, the day feels a bit easier when you wake up without having to decide which tie suits you and your mood. （分数：15.00）(1).The tie symbolizes all of the following except （分数：3.00）A.respect.B.elegance.C.politeness.D.democracy.(2).Why does Blair sometimes show up in a formal event without a tie? （分数：3.

48、00）A.Because he wants to make a show.B.Because he wants to attract attention.C.Because ties are costly.D.Because he wants to live in a casual way.(3).Which of the following is NOT a social occasion? （分数：3.00）A.Going to church.B.Going to work in the office.C.Staying at home.D.Going to a party.(4).Who

49、 brought the Frenchmens neckwear to Britain? （分数：3.00）A.Tony Blair.B.Charles .C.Jim Callaghan.D.Andrew Turnbull.(5).When did British gentlemen begin to wear ties regularly? （分数：3.00）A.After the late 19th century.B.In the 1630s.C.In 1660.D.In the late 18th century.五、第 5 部分：补全短文(第 4650 题，每题(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Did She Conquer the Americans? African-American talk show queen Oprah Winfrey is the worlds most powerful celebrity, according to Forbes magazine. _(46)