职称英语卫生类B级-66及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语卫生类 B 级-66 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.John is collaborating with Mary in writing an article.（分数：1.00）A.cooperatingB.competingC.combiningD.arguing2.He made a considerable sum of money in real estate.（分数：1.00）A.largeB.positiveC.powerfulD.realistic3.This text is too

2、difficult to comprehend.（分数：1.00）A.understandB.digestC.summarizeD.read4.Obviously these people can be relied on in a crisis.（分数：1.00）A.lived onB.depended onC.believed inD.joined in5.Mary just told us a very fascinating story.（分数：1.00）A.strangeB.frighteningC.interestingD.difficult6.He“s spent years c

3、ultivating a knowledge of art.（分数：1.00）A.sharingB.usingC.denyingD.developing7.All the pupils seem to be very cheerful.（分数：1.00）A.happyB.healthyC.naughtyD.busy8.The food is inadequate for ten people.（分数：1.00）A.demandedB.qualifiedC.insufficientD.required9.This sort of thing is bound to happen.（分数：1.00

4、）A.sureB.quickC.fastD.swift10.Jack eventually overtook the last truck.（分数：1.00）A.hitB.passedC.reachedD.led11.The room is small but cozy.（分数：1.00）A.coldB.splendidC.comfortableD.gorgeous12.Many scientists have been probing psychological problems.（分数：1.00）A.solvingB.exploringC.settlingD.handling13.A cr

5、owd gathered to see what had happened.（分数：1.00）A.collectedB.fixedC.dividedD.assist14.I want to provide my boys with a decent education.（分数：1.00）A.goodB.specialC.privateD.general15.Canada will prohibit smoking in all offices later this year.（分数：1.00）A.banB.removeC.eliminateD.expel二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，

6、分数：7.00)Using HIV Virus to Cure CancerScientists are planning to use human immunodeficiency(免疫缺陷) virus (HIV), one of mankind“s most feared viruses, as a carrier of genes which can fight cancer and a range of diseases that cannot be cured. The experts say HIV has an almost perfect ability to avoid t

7、he body“s immune (免疫的) defenses, making it ideal for carrying replacement genes into patients“ bodies, according to the observer. A team at the California-based Salk Institute, one of the world“s leading research centers on biological sciences, has created a special new breed of HIV and has started

8、negotiations with the U. S. Food and Drug Administration(FDA) to begin clinical gene therapy(治疗) trials this year. The first trials are expected to involve patients suffering from cancers that cannot be cured by surgery although project leader Professor Inder Verma said the HIV technique would have

9、“far wider applications“. The plan remains very likely to cause controversy since it involves making use of a virus which has caused more than 22 million deaths around the world in the past two decades. Verma said that the idea of using HIV for a beneficial purpose was “shocking“ but the fierce natu

10、re of HIV had disappeared by having all six of the potentially deadly genes removed. Illnesses such as various cancers are caused when a gene in a patient“s body fails to work properly. In the past two years, breakthroughs in genetics(遗传学) have led gene therapy scientists to try and replace the gene

11、s that do not function normally. Unfortunately, the body“s immune defenses have been known to attack the modified genes and make them lose their effects before they can start their task and progress in the field has been held up by the lack of a suitable carrier. The HIV virus has the ability to esc

12、ape from, and then destroy, the immune defense cells designed to protect our bodies and this makes it attractive to scientists as a way of secretly conveying replacement genes into patients“ bodies.（分数：7.00）(1).FDA has approved the plan of using HIV to cure cancer in humans.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.

13、Not mentioned(2).The idea of using HIV for a beneficial purpose has been widely accepted.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).HIV can be safely used to cure cancer only if the deadly genes have been removed.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).The HIV virus is an excellent warrior to fight

14、 the body“s immune cells.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Other countries are also expected to begin clinical gene therapy trials soon.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).It is the lack of money that has held up the progress in using replacement genes to cure cancer.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.

15、WrongC.Not mentioned(7).The HIV virus has caused more deaths in developed countries.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Natural Gas1. Natural gas is produced from reservoirs deep beneath the earth“s surface. It is a fossil fuel, meaning that it is derived from orga

16、nic material buried in the earth millions of years ago. The main component of natural gas is methane (甲烷). 2. The popularity and use of clean natural gas has increased dramatically over the past 50 years as pipeline infrastructure (基础设) has been installed to deliver it conveniently and economically

17、to millions of residential, commercial and industrial customers worldwide. Today, natural gas service is available in all 50 states in the US, and is the leading energy choice for fueling American homes and industries. More than 65 million American homes use natural gas. In fact, natural gas is the

18、most economical source for home energy needs, costing one-third as much as electricity. In addition to heating homes, much of the gas used in the United States is used as a raw material to manufacture a wide variety of products, from paint, to fibers for clothing, to plastics for healthcare, computi

19、ng and furnishings. Natural gas is also used in a significant number of new electricity-generating power plants. 3. Natural gas is one of the safest and cleanest fuels available. It emits less pollution than other fossil fuels. When natural gas is burned, it produces mostly carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) and

20、 water vaporthe same substances emitted when humans exhale. Compared with some other fossil fuels, natural gas emits the least amount of carbon dioxide into the air when combusted (燃烧), making natural gas the cleanest burning fossil fuel of all. The industry also is subject to substantial federal re

21、gulation in the areas of production and distribution, which help ensure it is provided to consumers safely and cleanly. 4. The United States consumes about one third of the world“s natural gas output, making it the largest gas consuming region in the world. The U. S. Department of Energy“s Energy In

22、formation Administration forecasts that natural gas demand will grow by more than 50 percent by 2025. 5. There are huge reserves of natural gas beneath the earth“s surface. The largest reserves of natural gas can be found in Russia, West and North Africa and the Middle East. LNG (液化天然气) has been pro

23、duced domestically and imported in the United States for more than four decades. Today, the leading importers of LNG are Japan, Korea, France and Spain.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragragh 2 1 A. Popularity and use of natural gas B. Natural gas reserves and supply C. Natural gas prices D. Clean fuel of choice E.

24、Disadvantages of natural gas F. Natural gas consumption（分数：1.00）(2).Paragragh 3 1（分数：1.00）(3).Paragragh 4 1（分数：1.00）(4).Paragragh 5 1（分数：1.00）(5).Natural gas is stored deep 1. A. over the past 50 years B. beneath the earth surface C. by more than 50 percent D. for more than four decade E. as a raw m

25、aterial F. for home energy needs（分数：1.00）(6).Natural gas is recognized as the most economical energy source 1.（分数：1.00）(7).When manufacturing many products, people commonly use natural gas 1.（分数：1.00）(8).It is estimated that by 2025 that natural gas demand in the United States will increase 1.（分数：1.

26、00）四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)After-birth Depression Blamed for Woman“s SuicideA new mother apparently suffering from postpartum mental illness fell to her death from a narrow 12th-floor ledge of a Chicago hotel, eluding the lunging grasp of firemen called to help. The Chicago

27、Tribune reported Tuesday that the mother of a 3-month-old daughter, Melanie Stokes, 41, was said to be suffering from a severe form of after-birth depression called postpartum psychosis, an extremely rare biological response to rapidly changing hormonal levels that can result in hallucinations, delu

28、sions, severe insomnia and a drastic departure from reality. “That was a monster in my daughter“s brain,“ said Stokes“ mother, Carol Blocker. “The medicine took no effect at all, while her grief was so strong that nothing could make up for it. I“m just glad she didn“t take her daughter with her.“ Vi

29、rtually all new mothers get postpartum blues, also called the “baby blues“, which are brief episodes of irritability, moodiness and weepiness. About 20 percent of birthing women experience postpartum depression, which can be triggered by hormonal changes, sleeplessness and the pressures of being a n

30、ew mother. It is often temporary and highly treatable. But The Tribune said what scientists suspect Stokes was battling, postpartum psychosis, is even more extreme and is considered a psychiatric emergency. During postpartum psychosisa very real disorder that affects less than 1 percent of women, ac

31、cording to the National Institute of Mental Healtha mother might hear voices, have visions, feel extremely agitated and be at risk of harming the child or herself. Often the consequences are tragic. In 1987, Sheryl Masip of California told a judge that postpartum psychosis made her drive a Volvo ove

32、r her 6-week-old son. Latrena Pixley of Washington, D. C., said the disorder was why she smothered her 6-week-old daughter in 1922. And last year, Judy Kirby, a 31-year-old Indianapolis mother allegedly suffering from postpartum psychosis, sped into oncoming traffic and plowed into a minivan, killin

33、g seven youngsters, including three of her own.（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the following is NOT a symptom of postpartum psychosis?（分数：3.00）A.Visions.B.Delusions.C.Inflamed breast.D.Serious sleeplessness.(2).It was considered fortunate by Stokes“ mother in the miserable event _.（分数：3.00）A.that Stokes had

34、died in a Chicago hotelB.that firemen had been called to help StokesC.that Stokes had been taking the prescribed medicinesD.that Stokes had not taken her daughter with her(3).A patient suffering from “baby blues“ may present briefly one or more of the following symptoms EXCEPT _.（分数：3.00）A.having an

35、 intention of suicideB.readily becoming impatient or angryC.easily changing her moodsD.tending to experience weeping and sadness(4).How many bearing women have experiences of after-birth depression?（分数：3.00）A.Virtually all of them.B.About one fifth of them.C.Less than one percent of them.D.Not menti

36、oned exactly in the passage.(5).Who induced the most serious consequence among the postpartum depression patients mentioned in the passage?（分数：3.00）A.Melanie Stokes of Chicago.B.Sheryl Masip of California.C.Latrena Pixley of Washington, D.C.D.Judy Kirby of Indianapolis.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)40 May Be

37、 the New 30 as Scientists Redefine AgeIs 40 really the new 30 ? In many ways people today act younger than their parents did at the same age. Scientists have defined a new age concept and believe it could explain why populations are aging, but at the same time seem to be getting younger. Instead of

38、measuring aging by how long people have lived, the scientists have factored in how many more years people can probably still look forward to. “Using that measure, the average person can get younger in the sense that he or she can have even more years to live as time goes on,“ said Warren Sanderson o

39、f the University of New York in Stony Brook. He and Sergei Scherbov of the Vienna Institute of Demography (人口统计学) at the Austrian (奥地利的) Academy of Sciences, have used their method to estimate how the proportion of elderly people in Germany, Japan and the United States will change in the future. The

40、 average German was 39.9 years old in 2000 and could plan to live for another 39.2 years, according to research reported in the journal Nature on Wednesday. However, by 2050 the average German will be 51.9 years old and will be expected to live another 37.1 years. So middle age in 2050 would occur a

41、t around 52 years instead of 40 years as in 2000. “As people have more and more years to live they have to save more and plan more and they effectively are behaving as if they were younger,“ said Sanderson. Five years ago, the average American was 35.3 years old and could plan for 43.5 more years of

42、 life. By 2050, the researchers estimate it will increase to 41.7 years and 45.8 future years. “A lot of our skills, our education, our savings and the way we deal with our health care depend a great deal on how many years we have to live,“ said Sanderson. This dimension of how many years people hav

43、e to live has been completely ignored in the discussion of aging so far.（分数：15.00）(1).People 40 years of age today seem to be as young as _.（分数：3.00）A.their parents were at the same ageB.their parents were at the age of 30C.their children will be at the same ageD.their children will be at the age of

44、 30(2).The new age concept was developed out of the notion of _.（分数：3.00）A.“future years“B.“average years“C.“past years“D.“school years“(3).In 2000, middle age for the average German occurred _.（分数：3.00）A.at 37.1 yearsB.at 40 yearsC.at 39.2 yearsD.at 52 years(4).By 2050, the average American will li

45、ve to _.（分数：3.00）A.the age of 41.7B.the age of 45.8C.the age of 78.8D.the age of 87.5(5).Which is NOT affected by the number of years we have to live?（分数：3.00）A.Our education.B.Our savings.C.The way we handle our health care.D.The number of years we have lived.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A Tale of Scottish

46、 Rural LifeLewis Grassic Gibbon“s Sunset Song (1932)was voted “the best Scottish novel of all time“ by Scotland“s reading public in 2005. Once considered shocking for its frank description of aspects of the lives of Scotland“s poor rural farmers, it has been adapted for stage, film, TV and radio in

47、recent decades. The novel is set on the fictional estate of Kinraddie, in the farming country of the Scottish northwest in the years up to and beyond World War I. At its heart is the story of Chris, who is both part of the community and a little outside it. Grassic Gibbon gives US the most detailed

48、and intimate account of the life of his heroine (女主人公). We watch her grow through a childhood dominated by her cruel but hard-working father; experience tragedy (her mother“s suicide and murder of her twin children); and learn about her feelings as she grows into a woman. We see her marry, lose her

49、husband, then marry again. Chris has seemed so convincing a figure to some female readers that they cannot believe that she is the creation of a man. But it would be misleading to suggest that this book is just about Chris. It is truly a novel of a place and its people. Its opening section tells of Kinraddie“s long history, in a language that imitates the place“s changing patterns of speech and writing. The story itself is amazingly full of characters and incidents. It is told from Chris“s point of view but also from that of the gossiping community a community