职称英语理工类A级模拟87及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语理工类 A级模拟 87及答案解析(总分：107.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：22.00)1.About one quarter of the workers in the country are employed in factories.（分数：4.00）A.thirdB.fourthC.tenthD.fifteenth2.He was elevated to the post of prime minister.（分数：2.00）A.pulledB.promotedC.liftedD.treated3.What a juicy mors

2、el it is!（分数：1.00）A.tidbitB.savoryC.gossipD.steak4.Because administering the whole company, he sometimes has to work around the clock.（分数：1.00）A.adjustingB.evaluatingC.engagingD.managing5.Many economists have given in to the fatal lure of mathematics.（分数：2.00）A.errorB.puzzleC.attractionD.contradicti

3、on6.She all but fainted when she heard the news.（分数：1.00）A.all overB.seeminglyC.almostD.obviously7.The car is tested for defects before leaving the factory.（分数：1.00）A.functionsB.motionsC.partsD.faults8.The latest census is encouraging.（分数：2.00）A.statementB.assessmentC.evaluationD.count9.Professor Ta

4、ylor“s talk has indicated that science has a very strong influence on the everyday life of non-scientists as well as scientists.（分数：1.00）A.motivationB.perspectiveC.impressionD.impact10.He denies involvement with either drugs or the CIA.（分数：1.00）A.interferenceB.interruptionC.interventionD.interaction

5、11.Cement was seldom used in buildings of the Middle Ages.（分数：1.00）A.slightlyB.rarelyC.originallyD.occasionally12.His answers were obscure and confusing.（分数：1.00）A.unclearB.obviousC.clearD.direct13.I can no longer tolerate his actions.（分数：1.00）A.put up withB.acceptC.takeD.suffer from14.She read a po

6、em which depicts the splendor of the sunset.（分数：2.00）A.declaresB.assertsC.describesD.announces15.His claims seem credible to many people.（分数：1.00）A.workableB.convincingC.practicalD.reliable二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Mother Nature Shows Her StrengthTornadoes (龙卷风) and heavy thunderstorms moved across

7、 the Great Lakes and into Trumbull County on Saturday evening. The storms were dramatic and dangerous. George Snyder was driving the fire truck down Route 88 when he first noticed that a funnel (漏斗状的) cloud was behind him. “I stopped the truck and watched the funnel cloud. It was about 100 feet off

8、the ground and I saw it go up and down for a while. It was moving toward Bradley Road and then suddenly it disappeared.“ Snyder said. Snyder only saw one of the funnel clouds that passed through northeastern Ohio on Saturday. In Trumbull County, a tornado turned trees onto their sides. Some trees fe

9、ll onto houses and cars. Other trees fell into telephone and electrical wires as they went down. Amanda Symcheck was having a party when the storm began. “I knew something was wrong,“ he said. “I saw the sky go green and pink (粉红色). Then it sounded like a train rushing toward the house. I started cr

10、ying and told everyone to go to the basement for protection.“ The tornado caused a 10t of damage to cars and houses in the area. It will take a long time and much money to repair everything. There was also serious water damage from the thunderstorms. The heavy rains and high wind caused the power to

11、 go out in many homes. The storms caused serious flooding in areas near the river. More than four inches of rain fell in parts of Trumbull County. The river was so high that the water ran into streets and houses. Many streets had to be closed to cars and trucks because of the high water. This made i

12、t difficult for fire trucks, police cars, and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble. Many people who live near the river had to leave their homes for their own safety. Some people reported five feet of water in their homes. Local and state officials opened emergency shelters for t

13、he people who were evacuated (撤走). The Red Cross served meals to them. “This was a really intense storm,“ said Snyder. “People were afraid. Mother Nature can be fierce. We were lucky this time. No one was killed.“（分数：7.00）(1).The weather was nice in Trumbull County on Saturday evening.（分数：1.00）A.Rig

14、htB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).George Snyder was a firefighter.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Amanda Symcheck was having a party in the basement when the storm began.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Power supply system was not damaged during the storm.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not me

15、ntioned(5).There had not been such a severe storm in Trumbull County for a hundred years.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Rescue vehicles had a hard time getting to people.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Several people were missing during the storm.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not men

16、tioned三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)The Science of Sport1. At the 2004 Olympic Games in Athens, the Chinese athlete Liu Xiang equaled the world record for the 110 metres hurdles (跨栏) when he ran the race in 12.91 seconds. This record time had been set in 1993 by British sprinter (短跑运动员) Colin Jack

17、son and 9 years went by before another athlete was able to run as fast. 2. Record-breaking in all track events is slowing clown and we appear to be moving much closer to the limits of human performance. Nevertheless, every four years, records which were previously thought to be unbeatable are broken

18、. So what“s behind this never-ending improvement in performance? And how long can we keep breaking records? Is there a limit to human performance or will athletes continue to gain seconds? 3. Most experts agree that it isn“t the athletes“ bodies which have changed but the huge advances in sport scie

19、nce which have enabled them to improve their performances. The individual athlete obviously has to have the necessary skill and determination to succeed, but the help of science and technology can be significant. Research has brought a better understanding of the athlete“s body and mind but the adva

20、nces in sports equipment technology have also had an important impact on human performance. 4. Scientists have shown that an athlete“s body“s needs vary according to the type of sport. This research has helped top sports people to adapt their training programme and diet better to their particular ne

21、eds. Running the marathon and cycling, for example, are endurance (耐力) sports and require a different parathion (硝苯硫磷脂) to that of a 100-metre sprinter. In some sports, changes in techniques have significantly improved performance. 5. But in any sport, a player“s success or failure results from a co

22、mbination of both physical and mental abilities. Most coaches use psychological techniques to help their athletes cope with stress and concentrate on their performance. For example, the English football team listens to music in the changing rooms before a game to help the players relax and not feel

23、so nervous. Before a difficult match, tennis players are encouraged to use visualization (想象) techniques to build confidence and this is almost as good as practice. 6. But as science begins to dominate sport, are we in danger of losing sight of the heart of the competition, the sporting challenge? W

24、hat“s more, are all these advantages fair? A. Different sports require different training programs. B. Science may be too important today. C. Sports equipment has been improved a lot. D. Athletes are still breaking records. E. Sport science helps improve athletes“ performances. F. Mental training is

25、 as important as physical training.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 1.（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 3 1.（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 4 1.（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 5 1.（分数：1.00）(5).A. to avoid psychological techniques. B. to break records C. to better understand the athlete“s body and mind D. to time and space E. to be repl

26、acing the sporting challenge F. to human performance It is more difficult for today“s athletes 1.（分数：1.00）(6).We don“t know if there is a limit 1.（分数：1.00）(7).Research has helped coaches 1.（分数：1.00）(8).Scientific advances are suspected 1.（分数：1.00）四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Losin

27、g WeightGirls as young as 10 years old are dieting and in danger of developing unhealthy attitudes about weight, body image and food, a group of Toronto researchers reported Tuesday. Their study of 2,279 girls aged 10 to 14 showed that while the vast majority had healthy weights, nearly a third felt

28、 they were overweight and were trying to lose pounds. Even at the tender age of 10, nearly 32 per cent of girls felt “too fat“ and 31 per cent said they were trying to diet. McVey, a researcher at the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, and her colleagues analyzed data collected in a number of su

29、rveys of southern Ontario school girls between 1993 and 2003, reporting their findings in Tuesday“s issue of the Canadian Medical Association Journal. Nearly 80 percent of the girls had a healthy body weight and only 7.2 per cent were considered overweight using standard weight-to-height ratios. Mos

30、t researchers suggest the rate of overweight children in this country is several times higher than that figure. Nearly 30 percent of the girls reported they were currently trying to lose weight, though few admitted to dangerous behavior such as self-induced vomiting. Still, a test that measured atti

31、tudes towards eating showed 10.5 per cent of survey participants were already at risk of developing an eating disorder. “We“re not talking about kids who“ve been prescribed a diet because they“re above average weight or overweight. We“re talking about children who are within a healthy weight range.

32、And they have taken it upon themselves to diet to lose weight,“ McVey said, acknowledging she found the rates disturbing. She said striking a balance between healthy weights and healthy attitudes towards food and body image is a complex task, with no easy solutions.（分数：15.00）(1).The study showed tha

33、t most of the girls _.（分数：3.00）A.were overweightB.were on a dietC.had unhealthy attitudes about weightD.had a healthy body weight(2).What percentage of the girls considered themselves overweight?（分数：3.00）A.Nearly 80 percent.B.7.2 percent.C.Nearly 30 percent.D.10.5 percent.(3).The survey participants

34、 were girls _.（分数：3.00）A.who were 10B.who were 14C.who were 10 to 14D.who were 10 to 18(4).What kind of institution does the lead researcher work with?（分数：3.00）A.A school.B.A hospital.C.An association.D.A charity.(5).Unhealthy attitudes about weight, body image and food may _.（分数：3.00）A.lead to an e

35、ating disorderB.result from self-induced vomitingC.make it easier to gain weightD.bring about greater competition六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A Phone That Knows You“re BusyIt“s a modern problem: you“re too busy to be disturbed by incessant (连续不断的) phone calls so you turn your cellphone off. But if you don“t

36、 remember to turn it back on when you“re less busy, you could miss some important calls. If only the phone knew when it was wise to interrupt you, you wouldn“t have to turn it off at all. Instead, it could let calls through when you are not too busy. A bunch of behavior sensors (传感器) and a clever pi

37、ece of software could do just that, by analyzing your behavior to determine if it“s a good time to interrupt you. If built into a phone, the system may decide you“re too busy and ask the caller to leave a message or ring back later. James Fogarty and Scott Hudson at Camegie Mellon University in Penn

38、sylvania based their system on tiny microphones, cameras and touch sensors that reveal body language and activity. First they had to study different behaviors to find out which ones strongly predict whether your mind is interrupted. The potential “busyness“ signals they focused on included whether t

39、he office doors were left open or closed, the time of day, if other people were with the person in question, how close they were to each other, and whether or not the computer was in use. The sensors monitored these and many other factors while four subjects were at work. At random intervals, the su

40、bjects rated how interruptible they were on a scale ranging from “highly interruptible“ to “highly not-interruptible“. Their ratings were then correlated with the various behaviors. “It is a shotgun (随意的) approach: we used all the indicators we could think of and then let statistics find out which w

41、ere important,“ says Hudson. The model showed that using the keyboard, and talking on a landline or to someone else in the office correlated most strongly with how interruptible the subjects judged themselves to be. Interestingly, the computer was actually better than people at predicting when someo

42、ne was too busy to be interrupted. The computer got it right 82 per cent of the time, humans 77 per cent. Fogarty speculates that this might be because people doing the interrupting are inevitably biased towards delivering their message, whereas computers don“t care. The first application for Hudson

43、 and Fogarty“s system is likely to be in an instant messaging system, followed by office phones and cellphones. “There is no technological roadblock (障碍) to it being deployed in a couple of years,“ says Hudson.（分数：15.00）(1).A big problem facing people today is that （分数：3.00）A.they must tolerate phon

44、e disturbances or miss important calls.B.they must turn off their phones to keep their homes quiet.C.they have to switch from a desktop phone to a cellphone.D.they are too busy to make phone calls.(2).The behavior sensor and software system built in a phone （分数：3.00）A.could help store messages.B.cou

45、ld send messages instantly.C.could tell when it is wise to interrupt you.D.could identify important phone calls.(3).Scientists at Carnegie Mellon University tried to find out （分数：3.00）A.why office doors were often left open.B.when it was a good time to turn off the computer.C.what questions office w

46、orkers were bothered with.D.which behaviors could tell whether a person was busy.(4).During the experiment, the subjects were asked （分数：3.00）A.to control the sensors and the camera.B.to rate the degrees to which they could be interrupted.C.to compare their behaviors with others“.D.to analyze all the

47、 indicators of interruption.(5).The computer performed better than people in the study because （分数：3.00）A.the computer worked harder.B.the computer was not busy.C.people tended to be biased.D.people were not good at statistics.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A New Strategy to Overcome Breast CancerPost-menopau

48、sal (绝经后的) women who walk for an hour a day can cut their chance of breast cancer significantly, a study has suggested. The report, which followed 73,000 women for 17 years, found walking for at least seven hours a week lowered the risk of the disease. The American Cancer Society team said this was

49、the first time reduced risk was specifically linked to walking. UK experts said there was more evidence that lifestyle influenced cancer risk. A recent poll for the charity Ramblers found a quarter of adults walk for no more than an hour a week, but being active is known to reduce the risk of a number of cancers. This study, published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, followed 73,615 women out of 97,785 aged 50 -74 who had been recruited by the American Cancer Society between 1992 and 1993, so it could monitor the incidence of cancer in the group. They were asked