职称英语卫生类B级-49及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语卫生类 B 级-49 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Eventually,she got a job and moved to London.A. Finally B. Certainly C. Luckily D. Naturally（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Did she accept his research proposalA. invitationB. planC. offerD. view（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Dont get slack at you wor

2、k. A. lazy and careless B. tiresome or bored C. depressed D. diligent（分数：1.00）_4.The policeman wrote down all the particulars of the accident. A. secretsB. detailsC. benefits D. words（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.Practically all species of animals communicate either through sounds or through a large repertory

3、of soundless codes. A. Simultaneously B. Almost C. Absolutely D. Basically（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.I didnt help him. I would have,however,I didnt have the money.A. or B. but C. otherwise D. still（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.We have to put up with her behavior.A. tolerate B. accept C. swallow D. take（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D

4、.8.Jack eventually overtook the last truck.A. hit B. passed C. reached D. led（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.I turned down his invitation to the party since I had to finish my homework that night.A. declined B. sentC. accepted D. received（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.The two banks have announced plans to merge next year.

5、A. combine B. close C. break D. sell（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.The huge Olympic Park will be built outside the city.Abig Bwonderful Csignificant Dfantastic（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.After the collision, he examined the considerable wreck to his car.A. ruin B. destructionC. damage D. injury（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.This

6、 is the unique solution to our problem.A. only B. alone C. single D. lonely（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.The expedition reached the summit at 10:30 that morning.A. top of the mountain B. bottom of the mountainC. starting point D. site（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.I notified him that the meeting had been postponed.A. in

7、formed B. observed C. mocked D. misled（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Coming Soon to a Theater near You!What are special effects? Do you enjoy movies that use a lot of special effects?.Dinosaurs (恐龙) from the distant past! Space battles from the distant future! There has been a revoluti

8、on in special effects, and it has transformed the movies we see.The revolution began in the mid-1970s with George Lucass Star Wars, a film that stunned (使震惊) audiences. That revolution continues to the present with dramatic changes in special effects technology. The company behind these changes is L

9、ucass Industrial Light Magic (ILM). And the man behind the company is Dennis Muren, who has worked with Lucas since Star Wars.Murens interest in special effects began very early. At the age of 6, he was photographing toy dinosaurs and spaceships. At 10, he had an 8 millimeter movie camera and was ma

10、king these things move through stop motion. (Stop-motion is a process in which objects are shot with a camera, moved slightly, shot again, and so on. When the shots are put together, the objects appear to move.)Talk to Muren and youll understand what ILM is all about; taking on new challenges. By 19

11、89, Muren decided he had pushed the old technology as far as it would go.He saw computer graphics(图像)(CG)technology as the wave of the future and took a year off the master it.With CG technology, images can be scanned into a computer for processing, for example, and many separate shots can be combin

12、ed into a single image. CG technology has now reached the point, Muren says, where special effects can be used to do just about anything so that movies can tell stories better than ever before. The huge success of Jurassic Park and its sequel (续集), The Lost World, the stars of which were computer-ge

13、nerated dinosaurs, suggests that this may very well be true.（分数：7.00）(1).The special-effects revolution began in the mid-1980s with Star Wars.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(2).ILM is the company responsible for many of the changes in special-effects technology.A. Right B. Wrong C.

14、 Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(3).Dennis Muren started his schooling at a very early age.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(4).At the age of 10, Muren was able to use computer graphics technology to make things move.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(5).By the stop-motio

15、n process, many separate shots can be combined into a single image.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(6).Muren feels that with CG technology, special effects can be used to make movies more expressive.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(7).Todays film makers emphasize sp

16、ecial effects at the expense of the story.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Parkinsons Disease1. Parkinsons disease affects the way you move. It happens when there is a problem with certain nerve cells in the brain. Normally, these nerve cells make an

17、important chemical called dopamine (多巴胺). Dopamine sends signals to the part of your brain that controls movement. It lets your muscles move smoothly and do what you want them to do. When you have Parkinsons, these nerve cells Break down. Then you no longer have enough dopamine, and you have trouble

18、 moving the way you want to. 2. No one knows for sure what makes these nerve cells break down. But scientists are doing a lot of research to look for the answer. They are studying many possible causes, including aging and poisons in the environment. Abnormal genes seem to lead to Parkinsons disease

19、in some people. But so far, there is not enough proof to show that it is always inherited. 3. Tremor (颤抖) may be the first symptom you notice. It is one of the most common signs of the disease, although not everyone has it. Tremor often starts in just one arm or leg or only on one side of the body.

20、It may be worse when you are awake but not moving the affected arm or leg. It may get better when you move the limb or you are asleep. In time, Parkinsons affects muscles all through your body, so it can lead to problems like trouble swallowing or constipation (便秘). In the later stages of the diseas

21、e, a person with Parkinsons may have a fixed or blank expression, trouble speaking, and other problems. Some people also have a decrease in mental skills. 4. At this time, there is no cure for Parkinsons disease. But there are several types of medicines that can control the symptoms and make the dis

22、ease easier to live with. You may not even need treatment if your symptoms are mild. Your doctor may wait to prescribe medicines until your symptoms start to get in the way of your daily life. Your doctor will adjust your medicines as your symptoms get worse. You may need to take several medicines t

23、o get the best results. A. Tips for Patients with the Disease B. Common Treatment for the Disease C. Means of Diagnosis of the Disease D. Typical Symptoms of the Disease E. Possible Causes of the DiseaseF. Definition of Parkinsons Disease（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 1_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2_（分数：1

24、.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 3_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).A. if there isnt enough dopamine in your body B. what affects muscles all through your body C. which cannot be cured yet D. if you have a fixed or blank expression E. which may be the first symptom you noticeF. what cause

25、s Parkinsons diseaseYoull find it hard to move the way you want to_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).A lot of research is being done to find out_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).One of the most common signs of Parkinsons is tremor,_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).A person with Parkinsons has to learn to live with the disease,_.（分数：1.0

26、0）填空项 1:_四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Egypt Felled by FamineEven ancient Egypts mighty pyramid builders were powerless in the face of the famine that helped bring down their civilisation around 2180 BC. Now evidence gleaned from mud deposited by the River Nile suggests that a shi

27、ft in climate thousands of kilometres to the south was ultimately to blame - and the same or worse could happen today.The ancient Egyptians depended on the Niles annual floods to irrigate their crops. But any change in climate that pushed the African monsoons southwards out of Ethiopia would have di

28、minished these floods.Dwindling rains in the Ethiopian highlands would have meant fewer plants to stablise the soil. When rain did fall it would have washed large amounts of soil into the Blue Nile and into Egypt, along with sediment from the White Nile4.The Blue Nile mud has a different isotope sig

29、nature from that of the White Nile. So by analysing isotope differences in mud deposited in the Nile Delta, Michael Krom of Leeds University worked out what proportion of sediment came from each branch of the river.Krom reasons that during periods of drought, the amount of the Blue Nile mud in the r

30、iver would be relatively high. He found that one of these periods, from 4,500 to 4,200 years ago, immediately predates the fall of the Egypts Old Kingdom.The weakened waters would have been catastrophic for the Egyptians. “Changes that affect food supply dont have to be very large to have a ripple e

31、ffect in societies,“ says Bill Ryan of the Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory in New York.Similar events today could be even more devastating, says team member Daniel Stanley, a geoarchaeologist from the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. “Anything humans do to shift the climate belts would h

32、ave an even worse effect along the Nile system today because the populations have increased dramatically./（分数：15.00）(1).Why does the author mention “pyramid builders“?A. Because they once worked miracles.B. Because they were well-built.C. Because they were actually very weak.D. Because even they wer

33、e unable to rescue their civilisation.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following factors was ultimately responsible for the fall of the civilisation of ancient Egypt?A. Change of climate. B. Famine.C. Flood. D. Population growth.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following statements is true?A. The

34、White Nile is the trunk of the River Nile.B. The White Nile is the trunk of the Blue Nile.C. The White Nile is a branch of the Blue Nile.D. The White Nile and the Blue Nile are branches of the River Nile.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to Krom, Egypts Old Kingdom fellA. immediately after a-period of

35、drought.B. immediately after a period of flood.C. just before a drought struck.D. just before a flood struck.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The word “devastating“ in the last paragraph could be best replaced byA. “frustrating“. B. “damaging“.C. “defeating“. D. “worrying“.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)

36、Speech therapists divide their cases into common and complex. An example of a complex case is a person suffering from aphasia. This is the loss of the ability to under- stand and/or use speech. There are many causes of aphasia, including partial brain dam- age that leaves the individual with the phy

37、sical ability to speak. If the individual is able to speak but does not, the therapist must determine the cause of such conduct. Often, speech therapists determine that problems are emotional and refer the individuals with such problems to psychologists or psychiatrists trained to help them.While a

38、speech therapist is not trained to help persons with severe emotional disorders, the therapist does receive extensive training in such areas as anatomy(as it relates to speech, concentrating on the diaphragm, tongue, and palate), physics(particularly relating to sound), and language and communicatio

39、ns. Some therapists take classes in elementary psychology as well.The speech therapist must be able to diagnose the type and severity of the speech defect, then prescribe a series of treatments. While some people with severe handicaps receive individual instruction, most patients are comfortable rec

40、eiving group therapy with others who have the same problem. If a patient is found to have a physical handicap that is impeding his progress, he is sent to a doctor with whom the therapist works closely.Many therapists have a high success rate with their patients. No scientific studies have yet shown

41、 whether the intervention of the therapist was in fact the sole cause of the improvement of the patients, or whether time and maturity helped as well. A recent study has shown that persons who have not received speech therapy have often been “cured of their problems merely by being around others wit

42、hout the problem. However, that same study showed that those few persons who were not treated by therapists had extremely low self-esteem and considered themselves “ different“ and “retarded“. The therapists often are able to make the patients see that while they are different, the difference is not

43、 of their own making, that they have not done something wrong. Therapists try to reach children when they are very young, before they have had an opportunity to be teased by other children or made to feel they are “stupid“. Therapists often work with whole families, encouraging the parents and sibli

44、ngs to listen to the patients, taking the time to help them feel they are an important part of the family, not just brushing them off because the effort of interpreting their speech is too great or time-consuming.（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the following is not listed as a function of the speech therapis

45、t?A. To diagnose the nature and severity of the defect.B. To determine the cause of aphasia in children who are physically capable of speech.C. To give emotional support to a child, showing her that the defect is not fault of her own.D. To prescribe medication that will help the patient relax and us

46、e her speech muscles properly.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?A. Causes and Cures of Speech DefectsB. Training Requirements for Speech TherapistsC. The Duties of Speech TherapistsD. The History of Speech Therapy（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).From the passag

47、e, you may infer that group therapy is given to the majority of people because_.A. it is cheaperB. it is less time-consumingC. it helps the patients feel they are not alone with their speech defectsD. it helps the patients learn from the others（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).You may infer that the author feels

48、 that one of the primary benefits of speech therapy is that it_.A. cures the patients defectB. teaches the patient to live with the defectC. makes the public aware of the need for medical researchD. helps the patient keep his self-respect（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The passage states which of the following about aphasia?A. It is symptomatic of mental retardation.B. It is often found in very young children.C. It is caused by physical damage to the brain, making the patient unable to speak.D. It is a complex speech defect.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Global Cancer Rates to Rise by 5