职称英语卫生类B级-25及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语卫生类 B级-25 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.There are some things in the class the teachers will not put up with. A. tolerate B. contribute C. resist D. prohibit（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Silk, although it is considered a delicate fabric, is in fact very strong, but it is adverse

2、ly affected by sunlight. A. soft B. sheer C. fragile D. refined（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Now about half of the women who work in social welfare are part-time, as compared to 38% in the private sector. A. guarantee B. farewell C. well-off D. well-being（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.In spite of a problem with the faulty

3、 equipment, some very useful work was accomplished. A. imperfect B. temporary C. emergency D. reinstalled（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.Before you decide on a vocation, it might be a good idea to consult a few good friends. A. career B. holiday C. plan D. research（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Senator James Meeks has calle

4、d off a boycott of Chicago Public Schools, organized to protest Illinois education funding system. A. reclaimed B. proposed C. indulged D. canceled（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.The growth of part-time and flexible working pattern allows more women to take advantage of job opportunities. A. make use of B. catch

5、 up with C. cast light on D. get rid of（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.Nobody can help but be fascinated by the world into which he is taken by the science fiction. A. impressed B. amused C. attracted D. puzzled（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.It is anticipated that this contract will considerably increase sales over the next

6、 three years. A. apparently B. slightly C. greatly D. steadily（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.The Americans recognize that the UN can be the channel for greater diplomatic activity. A. place B. medium C. resort D. tunnel（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.When a man knows that he will be put into prison if he uses a potentiall

7、y deadly object to rob or do harm to another person, he will think twice about it. A. passive B. lifelong C. unhappy D. fatal（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.The temperatures are somewhat lower than the average temperature in May this year. A. rather B. very C. a little D. less（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.He does nothing

8、 that break the interests of the collective. A. runs for B. runs against C. runs over D. runs into（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.Talks on climate change resumed in the German city of Bonn on July 16 to combat global warming. A. focus on B. settle down C. fight against D. sum up（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.Without quest

9、ion, peoples lives in China have improved dramatically in the past two decades. A. Out of the question B. No doubt C. Naturally D. Obviously（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Step Back in TimeDo you know that we live a lot longer now than the people who were born before us? One hundred year

10、s ago the average woman lived to be 45. But now, she can live until at least 80.One of the main reasons for people living longer is that we know how to look after ourselves better. We know which foods are good for U.S. and what we have to eat to make sure our bodies get all the healthy things they n

11、eed. We know why we sometimes get ill and what to do to get better again. And we know how important it is to do lots of exercise to keep our hearts beating healthily.But in order that we dont slip back into bad habits, lets have a look at what life was like 100 years ago.Families had between 15 and

12、20 children, although many babies didnt live long. Children suffered from lots of diseases, especially rickets (佝偻病) and scurvy (坏血病), which are both caused by bad diets. This is because many families were very poor and not able to feed their children well.Really poor families who lived in crowded c

13、ities like London and Manchester often slept standing up, bending over a piece of string, because there was no room for them to lie down.People didnt have fridges until the 1920s. They kept fresh food cold by storing it on windowsills (窗台板) , blocks of ice, or even burying it in the garden.Some chil

14、dren had to start work at the age of seven or eight to earn money for their parents. If you had lived 100 years ago, you might well be selling matchsticks (火柴杆) (a job done by many children) or working with your dad by now.（分数：7.00）(1).On average women lived longer than men 100 years ago.（分数：1.00）A.

15、RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).People now enjoy longer lives for unknown reasons.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).A hundred years ago many kids died at all early age.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Poor diets can lead to such diseases as rickets and scurvy.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC

16、.Not mentioned(5).People in the past preferred standing up to lying down when sleeping.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).An Englishman invented the fridge in the 1920s.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Life was not easy for many children living 100 years ago.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.

17、Not mentioned三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00) A. Tips for Patients with the Disease B. Common Treatment for the Disease C. Means of Diagnosis of the Disease D. Typical Symptoms of the Disease E. Possible Causes of the Disease F. Definition of Parkinsons Disease（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 1 1（分数：1.00）填空项

18、1:_(2).Paragraph 2 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ A. if there isnt enough dopamine in your body B. what affects muscles all through your body C. which cannot be cured yet D. if you have a fixed or blank expression E. which may be the first symptom

19、 you notice F. what causes Parkinsons disease（分数：4.00）(1).Youll find it hard to move the way you want to 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).A lot of research is being done to find out 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).One of the most common signs of Parkinsons is tremor 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).A person with Parkinsons has to

20、learn to live with the disease, 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Medical EducationIn 18th-century colonial America, those who wanted to become physicians either learned as personal students from established professionals or went abroad to study in the traditional sch

21、ools of London, Paris and Edinburgh. Medicine was first taught formally by specialists at the University of Pennsylvania, beginning in 1765, and in 1767 at Kings College(now Columbia University), the first institution in the colonies to give the degree of doctor of medicine.Following the American Re

22、volution, the Columbia medical faculty(formerly of Kings College) was combined with the College of Physicians and Surgeons, chartered in 1809, which survives as a division of Columbia University.In 1893 the Johns Hopkins Medical School required all applicants to have a college degree and was the fir

23、st to afford its students the opportunity to further their training in an attached teaching hospital. The growth of medical schools attached with established institutions of learning went together with the development of proprietary (私营的) schools of medicine run for personal profit, most of which ha

24、d 10W standards and poor facilities. In 1910 Abraham Flexner, the American education reformer, wrote Medical Education in the United States and Canada, exposing the poor conditions of most proprietary schools. Subsequently, the American Medical Association (AMA) and the Association of American Medic

25、al Colleges (AAMC) laid down standards for course content, qualifications of teachers, laboratory facilities, connection with teaching hospitals and licensing of medical practitioners (开业医师) that survive to this day.By the late 1980s the U.S. and Canada had 142 4-year medical colleges recognized by

26、the Liaison (联络) Committee on Medical Education to offer the M. D. degree; during the 1987-88 academic year, 47,262 men and 25,686 women entered these colleges and an estimated 11,752 men and 5,958 women were graduated. Graduates, after a year of internship (实习期), receive licenses to practice if the

27、y pass an examination given either by a state board or by the National Board of Medical Examiners.（分数：15.00）(1).In 18th-century America, higher institutions of learning that taught medicine _.（分数：3.00）A.did not existB.were few in numberC.were better than those in EuropeD.were known for their teachin

28、g hospitals(2).Initially most proprietary schools of medicine in America _.（分数：3.00）A.had established professionalsB.had good facilitiesC.had high standardsD.were in poor conditions(3).The AMA and AAMC established standards so as to _.（分数：3.00）A.recruit more studentsB.set up more schools of medicine

29、C.ensure the quality of medical teaching and practiceD.prevent medical schools from making huge profits(4).After a year of internship medical graduates can start to practice _.（分数：3.00）A.if they have worked in a laboratoryB.if they have studied abroad for some timeC.if they have obtained an M.D.degr

30、eeD. if they have passed an examination(5).This passage is mainly about _.（分数：3.00）A.how medicine is taught in AmericaB.how medical education has developed in AmericaC.how the American educational system worksD.how one can become a good doctor六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Physical Exercise Are HelpfulDeclari

31、ng that physical exercise is one of the most powerful medicines to help improve our quality of life is not an exaggeration. The World Health Organization expressed the same view in its 2002 World Health Report, emphasizing that the damage produced by lack of physical activity was equal to the strong

32、 probability of serious illness such as heart disease and even some kinds of cancer.Those who have embraced an active lifestyle for years are familiar with the sort of physical and psychological benefits that come from exercise. Nevertheless a lot of people would never think of physical activity as

33、a way of feeling better, simply because they dont think they are in need of it, or because they are lazy or maintain that they havent got enough time.There are many positive effects that result from physical exercise and they are not only concerned with the physical aspects but also psychological an

34、d social ones.Beginning with the physical benefits, physical activity improves the life of the heart, bums off fat, lowers high blood pressure, makes tissues more resistant, and increases muscle flexibility and joint mobility.On a psychological level, physical activity helps reduce anxiety and stres

35、s by causing tension to disappear and by encouraging us to have a better sense of ourselves through listening to our bodies during movement.Lastly, seeing ourselves in better health is advantageous socially. The sense of satisfaction thus obtained will result in an increase of self-respect and self-

36、confidence in terms of our ability to interact with others.The benefits linked to exercise have also not gone unnoticed in the business world, with more and more companies setting up gyms on-site. Employees improved health translates into better performance and reduced costs as well as an increase i

37、n peoples satisfaction in the work place.Physical activity is recommended for all age groups, including children. It is an important growth factor in a childs education.And for the elderly? There is no doubt that regular physical activity allows greater efficiency in daily life as well as creating m

38、ore basic independence day by day, including the possibility of keeping in touch with others and not feeling isolated.（分数：15.00）(1).The writer regards physical exercise as a strong medicine because _.（分数：3.00）A.the WHO holds the viewB.it helps improve the quality of lifeC.the lack of it equals serio

39、us illnessD.it enables people to live longer(2).Many people do not engage in physical exercise mainly because _.（分数：3.00）A.they are not aware of its benefitsB.they dont have the facilitiesC.they dont think they need itD.they are physically unfit for it(3).According to the passage, physical exercise

40、can make people _.（分数：3.00）A.stronger and more intelligentB.more intelligent and more open-mindedC.more open-minded and healthierD.healthier and stronger(4).Physical exercise is socially beneficial because _.（分数：3.00）A.it gives people competitive advantageB.it helps people reduce anxietyC.it enables

41、 employees to work better for their companyD.it makes people confident in dealing with others(5).According to the passage, regular physical exercise can make old people _.（分数：3.00）A.better able to look after themselvesB.look younger than they really areC.less likely to suffer from diseasesD.more agg

42、ressive in their interaction with others七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Restaurants And Health“Clean your plate!“ and “Be a member of the clean-plate club!“ Just about every kid in the U.S. has heard this from a parent or grandparent. Often, its accompanied by an appeal: “Just think about those starving orphan

43、s (孤儿) in Africa!“Sure, we should be grateful for every bite of food. Unfortunately, many people in the U.S. take a few too many bites. Instead of saying “clean the plate“, perhaps we should save some food for tomorrow.According to news reports, U.S. restaurants are partly to blame for the growing b

44、ellies (肚子). A waiter puts a plate of food in front of each customer, with two to four times the amount recommended by the government, according to a USA Today story.Americans traditionally associate quantity with value and most restaurants try to give them that. They serve large portions to stand a

45、part from competitors and to give the customers value. They prefer to have customers complain about too much food rather than too little.Barbara Rolls, a nutrition professor at Pennsylvania State University, told USA Today that restaurant portion sizes began to grow in the 1970s, the same time that

46、the American waistline began to expand.Health experts have tried to get many restaurants to serve smaller portions. Now, apparently, some customers are calling for this too. A restaurant industry trade magazine reported last month that 57 percent of more than 4,000 people surveyed believed that rest

47、aurants serve portions are too large; 23 percent had no opinion; 20 percent disagreed.But a closer look at the survey indicates that many Americans who cant afford fine dining still prefer large portions. 70 percent of those earning at least $150,000 per year prefer smaller portions. But only 45 per

48、cent of those earning less than $25,000 want smaller.Its not that working class Americans dont want to eat healthy. Its just that after long hours at low-paying jobs, getting less on their plate hardly seems like a good deal. They live from paycheck to paycheck, happy to save a little money for next

49、 years Christmas presents.（分数：15.00）(1).By saying “Be a member of the clean-plate-club!“ (Par（分数：3.00）A.1) a parent or grandparent is asking the children to _.A. wash dishes after mealsB. eat all the food on their plateC. save food for the starving AfricansD. reserve food for the future(2).According to news r